1. Pūtake ariā
Ka kitea mai i te tātai hanganga ko te hauwai (Na+) i runga iCMCHe tino ngāwari te wehewehe i roto i te wairewa (ko te tikanga kei roto i te ahua o te tote konutai), nō reira kei roto te CMC i te ahua o te anion i roto i te wairewa, arā, he utu kino tōna, ā, he amphoteric. Ina iti iho te pH o te pūmua i te pūwāhi isoelectric, ko tōna kaha ki te here i te rōpū -COO- o te pūmua he nui ake i te kaha o te rōpū -NH3+ ki te tuku i te pūmua, nō reira he utu pai tōna. I roto i te miraka, 80% o te pūmua he casein, ā, ko te pūwāhi isoelectric o te casein he tata ki te 4.6, ā, ko te pH o ngā inu miraka waikawa whānui he 3.8-4.2, nō reira i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikawa, ka taea te whakakotahi i te CMC me te pūmua miraka mā te kukume utu, ka hanga he hanganga pumau, ā, ka taea te mimiti ki roto i te pūmua. Ka hangaia he kiriata tiaki huri noa i a ia, ā, ko tēnei mahi a te CMC ka kiia ko te āhuatanga here whakauru microcapsule.
2. Te tauira inu miraka waikawa kua tūtohutia
(1) Te tauira taketake o te inu miraka waikawa whakaranu (e ai ki te 1000Kg):
Miraka hou (paura miraka katoa) 350 (33) Kg
Huka mā 50Kg
Te reka matū (50 ngā wā) 0.9Kg
CMC 3.5～6Kg
Monoglyceride 0.35Kg
Konutai citrate 0.8Kg
Waikawa citric 3kg
Waikawa lactic (80%) 1.5Kg
Tuhipoka:
1) Ka taea te whakakapi i te paura miraka ki te pūmua kua waikuratia, te pūmua whakahaere ≥ 1%.
2) Ka whakahaerehia te waikawa whakamutunga o te hua i te 50-60°T pea.
3) Ngā mea totoka wairewa 7.5% ki te 12%.
(2) Te tauira inu huakita waikawa lactic (e ai ki te 1000Kg):
Miraka whakapūkara 350～600Kg
Huka mā 60Kg
Te reka matū (50 ngā wā) 1Kg
CMC 3.2～8Kg
Monoglyceride 0.35Kg
Konutai citrate 1kg
He nui te waikawa citric
Kia mōhio: Whakamahia te otinga waikawa citric hei whakatika i te waikawa o te miraka, ā, ka whakahaerea te waikawa whakamutunga o te hua i te 60-70°T pea.
3. Ngā kaupapa matua o te kōwhiringa CMC
Ko te FH9 me te FH9 Extra High (FVH9) te nuinga o te wā e whiriwhiria ana mō ngā inu miraka kawa whakaranu. He matotoru te reka o te FH9, ā, ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.35% ki te 0.5%, ko te FH9 Extra High ia he whakahauora ake, ā, he pai te pānga ki te whakanui ake i te whakatikatika, ā, ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.33% ki te 0.45%.
Ko te tikanga, ko te FL100, FM9 me te FH9 tino teitei te whiriwhiri i ngā inu huakita waikawa lactic (e hangaia ana mā te tukanga motuhake). Ko te FL100 te tikanga ka hangaia hei hua he matotoru te reka, he roa te wā e mau ana. Ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.6% ki te 0.8%. Ko te FM9 te hua e whakamahia whānuitia ana. He taurite te matotoru, ā, ka roa ake te wā e mau ana te hua. Ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.45% ki te 0.6%. He matotoru te hua o te inu huakita waikawa lactic tino teitei FH9 engari kāore e hinuhinu, ā, he iti te nui o te tāpiri, ā, he iti te utu. He pai mō te hanga inu huakita waikawa lactic matotoru. Ko te nui o te tāpiri he 0.45% ki te 0.6%.
4. Me pēhea te whakamahi i te CMC
Te whakakorenga oCMCKo te tikanga, ka rewa te kukū i roto i te wairewa o te 0.5%-2%. He pai ake te rewa ki te mīhini whakaranu tere-rahi. I muri i te rewa o te CMC mō te 15-20 meneti pea, tukuna mā roto i te mira kōrori ka whakamatao ki te 20-40°C hei whakamahi i muri mai.
5. Ngā mea hei aro atu i roto i te tukanga o te inu miraka waikawa
Te kounga o te miraka mata (tae atu ki te miraka kua whakaranua): kāore te miraka paturopi, te miraka mastitis, te colostrum, me te miraka whakamutunga e pai ana mō te hanga inu miraka waikawa. Kua nui ngā panonitanga o ngā wāhanga pūmua o ēnei momo miraka e whā. He ngoikore hoki te ātete, te ātete waikawa, me te ātete tote, ā, ka pā ki te reka o te miraka.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei roto i ēnei momo miraka e whā te nui o ngā momo whākōkī e whā (lipase, protease, phosphatase, catalase), neke atu i te 10% te toenga o ēnei whākōkī ahakoa i te pāmahana tino teitei o te 140 ℃, ka ora anō ēnei whākōkī i te wā e rongoa ana te miraka. I te wā e rongoa ana, ka puta te miraka he kakara, he kawa, he pupuhi, me ētahi atu, ka pā tika ki te roa o te oranga o te hua. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamātautau ōrite waipiro 75%, te whakamātautau kohua, te pH me te waikawa titration o te miraka hei kimi whiriwhiri. He kino te miraka mata, te whakamātautau waipiro 75% me te whakamātautau kohua o te miraka noa, ko te pH kei waenga i te 6.4 me te 6.8, ā, ko te waikawa he ≤18°T. Ina he ≥22°T te waikawa, ka puta te totoro pūmua i te wā e kohuatia ana, ā, ina he iti iho te pH i te 6.4, he miraka colostrum, he miraka sourdough rānei te nuinga, ina he miraka mastitis, he miraka iti-waikawa rānei te nuinga o te pH>6.8.
(1) Ngā mea hei aro atu i roto i te tukanga o ngā inu miraka waikawa whakaranu
Te whakarite i te miraka miraka: Te whakarite i te miraka kua whakaranua: Tāpirihia mārire te paura miraka ki te wai wera kua whakaohokia i te 50-60°C (whakahaerehia te wai e inuhia ana kia neke atu i te 10 ngā wā o te nui o te paura miraka) ka rewa katoa mō te 15-20 meneti (he pai ake te huri ki te colloid). Kia oti), whakamatao ki te 40°C hei whakamahi i muri mai.
Whakapaia te otinga CMC kia rite ki te tikanga whakamahi o te CMC, tāpirihia ki te miraka kua oti te whakarite, whakaohokia kia pai, kātahi ka inehia ki te wai (tangohia te nui o te wai e nohoia ana e te otinga waikawa).
Tāpirihia mārire, haere tonu, me te ōrite te otinga waikawa ki te miraka, ā, kia aro ki te whakahaere i te wā tāpiri waikawa i waenga i te 1.5 me te 2 meneti. Mēnā he roa rawa te wā tāpiri waikawa, ka noho te pūmua ki te pūwāhi isoelectric mō te wā roa rawa, ka hua ake he tino pirau o te pūmua. Mēnā he poto rawa, he poto rawa te wā marara waikawa, he nui rawa te waikawa ā-rohe o te miraka, ā, he nui te pirau o te pūmua. Hei tāpiri, me mōhio kia kaua e tino teitei te pāmahana o te miraka me te waikawa i te wā e tāpirihia ana te waikawa, ā, he pai ake te whakahaere i te 20-25°C i waenganui.
Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana tūturu o te miraka mō te whakakotahitanga, ā, ka whakahaerehia te pēhanga i te 18-25Mpa.
Te pāmahana whakahoromata: Ko ngā hua whai muri i te whakahoromata ka whakamahi i te 85-90°C mō te 25-30 meneti, ā, ko ētahi atu hua ka whakamahi i te whakahoromata pāmahana tino teitei i te 137-140°C mō te 3-5 hēkona.
(2) Ngā mea hei aro atu i roto i te tukanga o te inu huakita waikawa lactic
Inehia te nui o te pūmua o te miraka, tāpirihia te paura miraka kia puta te pūmua o te miraka i waenga i te 2.9% me te 4.5%, whakapiki ake i te pāmahana ki te 70-75°C, whakatikatikahia te pēhanga o te whakaranu ki te 18-20Mpa mō te whakaranu, kātahi ka whakamahia te 90-95°C, 15- Whakamātaohia mō te 30 meneti, whakamataohia ki te 42-43°C, werohia ngā momo kua oti te whakarite ki te 2%-3%, whakaohokia mō te 10-15 meneti, whakawetohia te whakaoho, ā, kia mau tonu te pāmahana o te 41-43°C mō te whakapūkara. Ina tae te waikawa o te miraka ki te 85-100°T, ka mutu te whakapūkara, ā, ka tere te whakamatao ki te 15-20°C mā te pereti makariri, kātahi ka ringihia ki roto i te oko hei whakamahi i muri mai.
Ki te iti te nui o te pūmua i roto i te miraka, ka nui rawa te whey i roto i te miraka whakapūkara, ā, ka puta ngāwari mai ngā ngako pūmua. Mā te whakamātao i te 90-95°C ka pai ake te pirau o te pūmua, ā, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te miraka whakapūkara. Ki te iti rawa te pāmahana whakapūkara, ki te iti rawa rānei te nui o te kano, ka roa rawa te wā whakapūkara, ā, ka nui rawa te tipu o ngā huakita, ka pā ki te reka me te roa o te oranga o te hua. Ki te teitei rawa te pāmahana, ki te nui rawa rānei te nui o te kano, ka tere rawa te whakapūkara, ka nui ake te whey, ka puta rānei he puranga pūmua, ka pā ki te pumau o te hua. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki te whiriwhiri i ngā momo kotahi-wā i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā momo, engari me whiriwhiri i ngā momo he ngoikore te waikawa muri-waikawa i te mea ka taea.
Whakamataohia teCMCWhakamahanahia te wai ki te 15-25°C, ka whakaranua ki te miraka kia ōrite, ka whakamahia te wai hei whakakī i te rahinga (tangohia te nui o te wai e nohoia ana e te wai waikawa), kātahi ka tāpirihia te wai waikawa ki te wai miraka mā te āta haere, me te ōrite tonu (he pai ake te rehu waikawa). Whakaohokia kia pai, ka waiho ki tahaki.
Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana tūturu o te miraka mō te whakakotahitanga, ā, ka whakahaerehia te pēhanga i te 15-20Mpa.
Te pāmahana whakahoromata: ko ngā hua whai muri i te whakahoromata ka whakamahia te 85-90°C mō te 25-30 meneti, ā, ko ētahi atu hua ka whakamahia te whakahoromata pāmahana tino teitei i te 110-121°C mō te 4-5 hēkona, i te 95-105°C rānei mō te 30 hēkona.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-25-2024