1. I-cellulose idluliswa yi-D-glucopyranose β- I-polymer eqondile eyakhiwe ngokuxhumeka kwezibopho ze-glycoside eziyi-1,4. I-membrane ye-cellulose ngokwayo i-crystalline kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukugcotshwa emanzini noma yenziwe ibe yi-membrane, ngakho-ke kumele iguqulwe ngamakhemikhali. I-hydroxyl yamahhala ezindaweni ze-C-2, C-3 kanye ne-C-6 iyinika umsebenzi wamakhemikhali futhi ingaba yi-oxidized reaction, etherification, esterification kanye ne-graft copolymerization. Ukuncibilika kwe-cellulose eguquliwe kungathuthukiswa futhi kube nokusebenza okuhle kokwakheka kwefilimu.
2. Ngo-1908, usokhemisi waseSwitzerland uJacques Brandenberg walungisa i-cellulose film cellulose cellophane yokuqala, eyaqala ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokupakisha ezithambile ezisobala zesimanje. Kusukela ngawo-1980, abantu baqala ukufunda i-modified cellulose njengefilimu edliwayo kanye nokugqoka. I-modified cellulose membrane iyinto eyenziwe nge-membrane eyenziwe ngezinto ezitholakala ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali kwe-cellulose. Lolu hlobo lwe-membrane lunamandla aphezulu okudonseka, ukuguquguquka, ukucaca, ukumelana namafutha, ukungabi nephunga nokunganambitheki, ukumelana namanzi nomoya-mpilo okuphakathi.
3. I-CMC isetshenziswa ekudleni okuthosiwe, njenge-French fries, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha. Uma isetshenziswa kanye ne-calcium chloride, umphumela uba ngcono. I-HPMC kanye ne-MC zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni okushisiwe, ikakhulukazi ekudleni okuthosiwe, ngoba ziyi-thermal jels. E-Afrika, i-MC, i-HPMC, iphrotheni yommbila kanye ne-amylose zisetshenziselwa ukuvimba uwoyela odliwayo ekudleni okuthosiwe okujulile okusekelwe enhlama yobhontshisi obomvu, njengokufutha nokucwilisa lezi zixazululo zezinto zokusetshenziswa kumabhola obhontshisi obomvu ukulungiselela amafilimu adliwayo. Izinto ze-MC membrane ezicwilisiwe zisebenza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni amafutha, okunganciphisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha ngo-49%. Ngokuvamile, amasampula acwilisiwe abonisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha okuphansi kunalawo afuthwe.
4. MCfuthi i-HPMC isetshenziswa futhi kumasampula esitashi njengamabhola amazambane, inhlama, ama-potato chips kanye nenhlama ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwesithintelo, ngokuvamile ngokufafaza. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-MC isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni umswakama kanye namafutha. Amandla ayo okugcina amanzi abangelwa kakhulu ukunamathela kwayo emanzini. Nge-microscope, kungabonakala ukuthi ifilimu ye-MC inokunamathela okuhle ekudleni okuthosiwe. Izifundo zibonise ukuthi isembozo se-HPMC esifuthwe emabhola enkukhu sinokugcina amanzi okuhle futhi singanciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwamafutha ngesikhathi sokuthosa. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwesampula yokugcina kungandiswa ngo-16.4%, okuqukethwe kobuso bamafutha kungancishiswa ngo-17.9%, kanti okuqukethwe kwamafutha angaphakathi kungancishiswa ngo-33.7%. Ukusebenza kwamafutha esithintelo kuhlobene nokusebenza kwejeli yokushisa ye-I-HPMCEsigabeni sokuqala sejeli, i-viscosity iyanda ngokushesha, ukubopha phakathi kwama-molecule kwenzeka ngokushesha, kanti amajeli esisombululo ku-50-90 ℃. Ingqimba yejeli ingavimbela ukufuduka kwamanzi namafutha ngesikhathi sokuthosa. Ukwengeza i-hydrogel engxenyeni engaphandle yemichilo yenkukhu ethosiwe ecwiliswe ezingcezwini zesinkwa kunganciphisa inkinga yenqubo yokulungiselela, futhi kunganciphisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kwamafutha ebele lenkukhu futhi kugcine izakhiwo ezihlukile zokuzwa zesampula.
5. Nakuba i-HPMC iyinto efanelekile yefilimu edliwayo enezakhiwo ezinhle zomshini kanye nokumelana nomhwamuko wamanzi, ayinasabelo semakethe esikhulu. Kunezici ezimbili ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo: okokuqala, iyijeli yokushisa, okungukuthi, ijeli efana ne-viscoelastic eqinile eyakhiwe ekushiseni okuphezulu, kodwa ikhona esixazululweni esine-viscosity ephansi kakhulu ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-matrix kumele ishiswe futhi yomiswe ekushiseni okuphezulu ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungiselela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, enkambisweni yokumboza, ukufutha noma ukucwilisa, ikhambi kulula ukugeleza phansi, lakha izinto zefilimu ezingalingani, okuthinta ukusebenza kwamafilimu adliwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi yonke indawo yokukhiqiza igcinwa ngaphezu kuka-70 ℃, ichitha ukushisa okuningi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa iphuzu layo lejeli noma ukwandisa i-viscosity yayo ekushiseni okuphansi. Okwesibili, ibiza kakhulu, cishe yi-100000 yuan/ton.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-26-2024