1. Cellulose imadutsa ndi D-glucopyranose β- Polima yolunjika yopangidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa ma bond 1,4 a glycoside. Cellulose nembanemba yokha ndi yopyapyala kwambiri ndipo singasinthidwe kukhala gelatin m'madzi kapena kupangidwa kukhala nembanemba, kotero iyenera kusinthidwa ndi mankhwala. Hydroxyl yaulere pamalo a C-2, C-3 ndi C-6 imapatsa mphamvu ya mankhwala ndipo imatha kukhala oxidized reaction, etherification, esterification ndi graft copolymerization. Kusungunuka kwa cellulose yosinthidwa kumatha kukonzedwa bwino ndipo kumakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino opangira filimu.
2. Mu 1908, katswiri wa sayansi ya zamankhwala wa ku Switzerland, Jacques Brandenberg, adapanga cellophane yoyamba ya cellulose film, yomwe idayambitsa kupanga zipangizo zamakono zowonekera bwino zonyamula zinthu zofewa. Kuyambira m'ma 1980, anthu adayamba kuphunzira modified cellulose ngati filimu ndi zokutira. Modified cellulose membrane ndi membrane yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zomwe zimapezeka pambuyo pa kusintha kwa mankhwala a cellulose. Mtundu uwu wa membrane uli ndi mphamvu yayikulu yogwira, kusinthasintha, kuwonekera bwino, kukana mafuta, kusakhala ndi fungo komanso kukoma, kukana madzi ndi mpweya wapakati.
3. CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zokazinga, monga ma French fries, kuti ichepetse kuyamwa kwa mafuta. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi calcium chloride, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. HPMC ndi MC zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya zotenthedwa, makamaka muzakudya zokazinga, chifukwa ndi ma thermal gels. Ku Africa, MC, HPMC, corn protein ndi amylose zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa mafuta odyedwa muzakudya zokazinga kwambiri zochokera ku ufa wa nyemba zofiira, monga kupopera ndi kuviika zinthu zopangira izi pa mipira ya nyemba zofiira kuti akonze mafilimu odyedwa. Zipangizo zoviikidwa mu MC nembanemba ndizothandiza kwambiri pakuletsa mafuta, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa mafuta ndi 49%. Kawirikawiri, zitsanzo zoviikidwa mu MC zimasonyeza kuyamwa kochepa kwa mafuta kuposa zomwe zimapopedwa.
4. MCNdipo HPMC imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu zitsanzo za starch monga mipira ya mbatata, batter, mbatata tchipisi ndi mtanda kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito a chotchinga, nthawi zambiri popopera. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti MC ili ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri oletsa chinyezi ndi mafuta. Mphamvu yake yosunga madzi makamaka imachokera ku kuchepa kwa hydrophilicity. Kudzera mu maikulosikopu, zitha kuwoneka kuti filimu ya MC imamatira bwino ku chakudya chokazinga. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chophimba cha HPMC chomwe chimapopera pa mipira ya nkhuku chimasunga bwino madzi ndipo chimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mafuta mukaphika. Kuchuluka kwa madzi mu chitsanzo chomaliza kumatha kuwonjezeka ndi 16.4%, kuchuluka kwa mafuta pamwamba kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 17.9%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafuta mkati kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 33.7%. Kugwira ntchito kwa mafuta otchinga kumagwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito a gel otentha aHPMC. Pa gawo loyamba la gel, kukhuthala kumawonjezeka mofulumira, kulumikizidwa pakati pa mamolekyu kumachitika mwachangu, ndipo ma gels a yankho pa 50-90 ℃. Gawo la gel limatha kuletsa kusamuka kwa madzi ndi mafuta panthawi yokazinga. Kuwonjezera hydrogel ku gawo lakunja la zidutswa za nkhuku yokazinga zomwe zaviikidwa mu nyenyeswa za mkate kungachepetse mavuto a kukonzekera, ndipo kungachepetse kwambiri kuyamwa kwa mafuta m'mawere a nkhuku ndikusunga mawonekedwe apadera a chitsanzocho.
5. Ngakhale kuti HPMC ndi filimu yabwino kwambiri yodyedwa yokhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zamakina komanso yolimbana ndi nthunzi ya madzi, ili ndi gawo laling'ono pamsika. Pali zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake: choyamba, ndi gel yotenthetsera, kutanthauza kuti, gel yofanana ndi viscoelastic yopangidwa kutentha kwambiri, koma imapezeka mu yankho lokhala ndi kukhuthala kochepa kwambiri kutentha kwa chipinda. Zotsatira zake, matrix iyenera kutenthedwa ndi kuumitsidwa kutentha kwambiri panthawi yokonzekera. Kupanda kutero, popaka utoto, kupopera kapena kuviika, yankho limakhala losavuta kuyenda pansi, ndikupanga zinthu zosafanana za filimu, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a mafilimu odyedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchitoyi iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti malo onse opangira zinthu amasungidwa pamwamba pa 70 ℃, kuwononga kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mfundo yake ya gel kapena kuwonjezera kukhuthala kwake kutentha kochepa. Chachiwiri, ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri, pafupifupi 100000 yuan/tani.
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-26-2024