1. I-Cellulose idluliswa yi-D-glucopyranose β- I-polymer eqondile eyakhiwe ngokuxhuma kwe-1,4 glycoside bond. I-membrane ye-cellulose ngokwayo i-crystalline ephezulu futhi ayikwazi ukufakwa i-gelatinized emanzini noma ibunjwe ibe ulwelwesi, ngakho-ke kufanele iguqulwe ngamakhemikhali. I-hydroxyl yamahhala ezikhundleni C-2, C-3 kanye ne-C-6 iyinikeza umsebenzi wamakhemikhali futhi ingaba ukusabela okwenziwe nge-oxidized, i-etherification, i-esterification kanye ne-graft copolymerization. I-solubility ye-cellulose eguquliwe ingathuthukiswa futhi ibe nokusebenza okuhle kokwenza ifilimu.
2. Ngo-1908, usokhemisi waseSwitzerland uJacques Brandenberg walungisa ifilimu yokuqala ye-cellulose cellophane, eyaphayona ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokupakisha ezithambile zesimanje. Kusukela ngo-1980s, abantu baqala ukufunda i-cellulose eguquliwe njengefilimu edliwayo kanye nokunamathela. Ulwelwesi lwe-cellulose olushintshiwe luwulwelwesi olwenziwa ngokuphuma kokunye okutholwe ngemva kokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali e-cellulose. Lolu hlobo lwe-membrane lunamandla amakhulu okudonsa, ukuguquguquka, ukukhanya, ukumelana nowoyela, ukungabi naphunga nokunganambitheki, ukumelana namanzi aphakathi nendawo nomoya-mpilo.
3. I-CMC isetshenziswa ekudleni okuthosiwe, okufana namafrimu aseFrance, ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha. Uma isetshenziswa kanye ne-calcium chloride, umphumela uba ngcono. I-HPMC kanye ne-MC zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni okwelashwa ngokushisa, ikakhulukazi ekudleni okuthosiwe, ngoba zingamajeli ashisayo. E-Afrika, i-MC, i-HPMC, iphrotheni yommbila kanye ne-amylose isetshenziselwa ukuvimba uwoyela odliwayo ekudleni okusekelwe enhlama kabhontshisi obomvu othosiwe, njengokufafaza nokucwilisa lezi zixazululo zempahla eluhlaza emabholeni kabhontshisi obomvu ukuze kulungiswe amafilimu adliwayo. I-membrane ye-MC ecwilisiwe iyona esebenza kahle kakhulu kusivimbeli samafutha, esinganciphisa ukumuncwa kukawoyela ngo-49%. Ngokuvamile, amasampula acwilisiwe abonisa ukumuncwa kukawoyela okuphansi kunalawo afuthwe.
4. MCkanye ne-HPMC asetshenziswa futhi kumasampula esitashi njengamabhola amazambane, i-batter, ama-chips amazambane kanye nenhlama ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwesithiyo, ngokuvamile ngokufafaza. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-MC inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokuvimbela umswakama kanye namafutha.Ikhono layo lokugcina amanzi libangelwa ikakhulukazi i-hydrophilicity yayo ephansi. Nge-microscope, kungabonakala ukuthi ifilimu ye-MC inokunamathela okuhle ekudleni okuthosiwe. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukunamathela kwe-HPMC okufuthwe emabholeni enkukhu kunokugcinwa kahle kwamanzi futhi kunganciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwamafutha ngesikhathi sokuthosa. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwesampula yokugcina kunganyuswa ngo-16.4%, okuqukethwe kwamafutha kungancishiswa ngo-17.9%, futhi okuqukethwe kwamafutha kwangaphakathi kungancishiswa ngo-33.7%.I-HPMC. Esigabeni sokuqala sejeli, i-viscosity ikhula ngokushesha, ukubopha kwama-intermolecular kwenzeka ngokushesha, kanye nama-gel esixazululo ku-50-90 ℃. Ungqimba lwejeli lungavimbela ukufuduka kwamanzi namafutha ngesikhathi sokuthosa. Ukwengeza i-hydrogel oqweqweni olungaphandle lwezicucu zenkukhu ethosiwe ezicwiliswe ezimvuthuni zesinkwa kunganciphisa inkinga yenqubo yokulungiselela, futhi kunganciphisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kwamafutha ebele lenkukhu futhi kulondoloze izici ezihlukile zezinzwa zesampula.
5. Nakuba i-HPMC iyifilimu efanelekayo edliwayo enezakhiwo ezinhle zokushintshwa komhwamuko wamanzi, inesabelo semakethe esincane. Kunezici ezimbili ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo: okokuqala, ijeli eshisayo, okungukuthi, i-viscoelastic solid like gel eyakhelwe ekushiseni okuphezulu, kodwa ikhona kwisixazululo esine-viscosity ephansi kakhulu ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-matrix kufanele ishiswe futhi yomiswe ekushiseni okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokulungiselela. Uma kungenjalo, ohlelweni lokumboza, ukufutha noma ukucwilisa, isisombululo kulula ukugeleza phansi, ukwakha izinto zefilimu ezingalingani, ezithinta ukusebenza kwamafilimu adliwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kusebenza kufanele kuqinisekise ukuthi yonke indawo yokusebenzela yokukhiqiza igcinwa ingaphezulu kuka-70 ℃, imosha ukushisa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa iphuzu layo le-gel noma ukwandisa i-viscosity yayo ekushiseni okuphansi. Okwesibili, kubiza kakhulu, cishe i-yuan eyi-100000/ton.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-26-2024