1. I-Cellulose idluliswa yi-D-glucopyranose β- I-polymer yomgca eyenziwe ngokudibanisa kwe-1,4 glycoside bond. I-membrane ye-cellulose ngokwayo i-crystalline ephezulu kwaye ayikwazi i-gelatinized emanzini okanye yenziwe kwi-membrane, ngoko kufuneka iguqulwe ngamakhemikhali. I-hydroxyl yamahhala kwizikhundla ze-C-2, i-C-3 kunye ne-C-6 iyinika umsebenzi wekhemikhali kwaye ingaba yi-oxidized reaction, i-etherification, i-esterification kunye ne-copolymerization ye-graft. I-solubility ye-cellulose elungisiweyo inokuphuculwa kwaye inomsebenzi omhle wokwenza ifilimu.
2. Ngo-1908, i-chemist yaseSwitzerland uJacques Brandenberg walungisa ifilimu yokuqala ye-cellulose cellophane, eyaba nguvulindlela ekuphuhliseni izinto zokupakisha ezithambileyo zanamhlanje. Ukusukela ngo-1980, abantu baqala ukufunda i-cellulose eguqulweyo njengefilimu etyiwayo kunye nokwaleka. I-membrane ye-cellulose ehlaziyiweyo yimbrane ye-membrane eyenziwe kwi-derivatives efunyenwe emva kokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose. Olu hlobo lwe-membrane lunamandla aphezulu okuxinana, ukuguquguquka, ukungafihli, ukuxhathisa i-oyile, ukuvumba kunye nokungenancasa, ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kunye ne-oxygen.
3. I-CMC isetyenziselwa ukutya okuqhotsiweyo, okufana neefries zaseFransi, ukunciphisa ukufunxa kwamafutha. Xa isetyenziswe kunye ne-calcium chloride, umphumo ungcono. I-HPMC kunye ne-MC zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekutyeni okunyangwa ngobushushu, ngakumbi ekutyeni okuqhotsiweyo, kuba zizijeli ezishushu. E-Afrika, i-MC, i-HPMC, iprotein yombona kunye ne-amylose zisetyenziselwa ukuvala i-oyile etyiwayo kwintlama yembotyi eqhotsiweyo enzulu, njengokutshiza kunye nokudipha ezi zisombululo zemathiriyeli ekrwada kwiibhola zembotyi ebomvu ukulungiselela iifilimu ezityiwayo. Izinto eziditshiweyo ze-membrane ye-MC yeyona nto isebenzayo kwisithintelo segrisi, enokunciphisa ukufunxwa kweoyile ngama-49%. Ngokubanzi, iisampulu eziditshiweyo zibonisa ukufunxwa kwe-oyile esezantsi kunezo zitshiziweyo.
4. MCkunye HPMC zikwasetyenziswa iisampulu starch ezifana iibhola iitapile, batter, chips iitapile kunye intlama ukuphucula ukusebenza umqobo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokutshiza. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-MC inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokuthintela umswakama kunye ne-oyile.Ikhono layo lokugcinwa kwamanzi libangelwa ikakhulu ngenxa ye-hydrophilicity ephantsi. Nge-microscope, kunokubonwa ukuba ifilimu ye-MC inokubambelela kakuhle kukutya okuthosiweyo. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukugquma kweHPMC okutshizwe kwiibhola zenkukhu kunokugcinwa kakuhle kwamanzi kwaye kunganciphisa kakhulu umthamo we-oyile ngexesha lokuqhotsa. Umxholo wamanzi wesampuli yokugqibela unokunyuswa nge-16.4%, umxholo we-oyile ungancitshiswa nge-17.9%, kwaye umxholo weoli yangaphakathi ungancitshiswa ngu-33.7%.HPMC. Kwinqanaba lokuqala lejeli, i-viscosity ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ukubopha kwe-intermolecular kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, kunye nesisombululo se-gels kwi-50-90 ℃. Uluhlu lwe-gel lunokuthintela ukufuduka kwamanzi kunye neoli ngexesha lokucoca. Ukongeza i-hydrogel kumaleko angaphandle eenkukhu eziqhotsiweyo ezifakwe kwiimvuthuluka zesonka kunokunciphisa inkathazo yenkqubo yokulungiselela, kwaye kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukufunxwa kwe-oyile yesifuba senkukhu kunye nokugcina iimpawu ezizodwa zesampulu.
5. Nangona i-HPMC iyimathiriyeli yefilimu etyiwayo eneempawu ezilungileyo zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nomphunga wamanzi, inesabelo esincinci semarike. Kukho izinto ezimbini ezithintela ukusetyenziswa kwayo: okokuqala, i-gel ye-thermal, oko kukuthi, i-viscoelastic solid like gel eyenziwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kodwa ikhona kwisisombululo esine-viscosity ephantsi kakhulu kwiqondo lokushisa. Ngenxa yoko, i-matrix kufuneka ifakwe ngaphambili kwaye yomiswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ngexesha lokulungiselela inkqubo. Ngaphandle koko, kwinkqubo yokugubungela, ukutshiza okanye ukucwiliswa, isisombululo kulula ukuhamba phantsi, ukwenza izinto zefilimu ezingalinganiyo, ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweefilimu ezidliwayo. Ukongeza, lo msebenzi kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba yonke iworkshop yemveliso igcinwa ngaphezu kwe-70 ℃, ichitha ubushushu obuninzi. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa i-gel point yayo okanye ukwandisa i-viscosity yayo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi. Okwesibini, kubiza kakhulu, malunga ne-yuan eyi-100000 ngetoni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-26-2024