Poyesa ndi kupanga misa ya mapiritsi omasulidwa a nifedipine, mapiritsi olerera, mapiritsi owonjezera mimba, mapiritsi a ferrous fumarate, mapiritsi a buflomedil hydrochloride, etc., timagwiritsa ntchito.hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)madzi, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi polyacrylic acid resin liquid, Opadry (yoperekedwa ndi Colorcon, UK), etc. ndi zakumwa zopangira mafilimu, zomwe zagwiritsa ntchito bwino teknoloji yokutira mafilimu, koma akumana ndi mavuto pakupanga ndi kupanga mayesero. Pambuyo pa zovuta zaukadaulo, tsopano tikulankhulana ndi anzathu za zovuta zomwe wamba komanso njira zothetsera filimuyi.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, teknoloji yokutira filimu yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera zolimba. Kupaka filimu kumatha kuteteza mankhwalawa ku kuwala, chinyezi ndi mpweya kuti awonjezere kukhazikika kwa mankhwalawa; chigoba zoipa kukoma kwa mankhwala ndi atsogolere wodwalayo kutenga izo; kuwongolera malo otulutsa ndikutulutsa liwiro la mankhwalawa; kuteteza ngakhale kusintha kwa mankhwala; kusintha maonekedwe a piritsi Dikirani. Lilinso ndi ubwino wa njira zochepa, nthawi yaifupi, kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zochepa, komanso kulemera kwa piritsi. Mapiritsi okhala ndi filimu makamaka amatengera kapangidwe ka piritsilo komanso mtundu wake, kulembedwa kwamadzimadzi opaka, momwe amagwirira ntchito, momwe angasungire ndi kusunga, ndi zina zambiri. Mapangidwe ndi mtundu wa pachimake cha piritsi amawonekera makamaka pazogwiritsidwa ntchito papakatikati pa piritsi, zothandizira zosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe, kuuma, zidutswa zophulika, ndi mawonekedwe a piritsi. The chiphunzitso cha ❖ kuyanika madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala mkulu maselo ma polima, plasticizers, utoto, solvents, etc., ndi zikhalidwe ntchito ❖ kuyanika ndi mphamvu bwino kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuyanika ndi zipangizo ❖ kuyanika.
1.Kutupa kwa mbali imodzi, filimu ya m'mphepete mwa filimu ndikusenda
Kuuma kwa pamwamba pa piritsi pachimake ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, ndipo mosavuta pansi kukangana amphamvu ndi kupsyinjika pa ❖ kuyanika ndondomeko ❖ kuyanika, ndi mbali imodzi ya ufa kapena particles kugwa, kuchititsa pockmarks kapena pores pamwamba pa piritsi pachimake, amene ndi mbali imodzi kuvala, makamaka ndi Lolembedwa Chizindikiro filimu. Mbali yomwe ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha filimuyo mu piritsi lophimbidwa ndi filimu ndi ngodya. Pamene kumatira kapena mphamvu ya filimuyo sikukwanira, kusweka ndi kupukuta kwa m'mphepete mwa filimuyo kungathe kuchitika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuphulika kwa zosungunulira kumapangitsa kuti filimuyo ikhale yochepa, ndipo kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kwa filimu yophimba ndi pachimake kumawonjezera kupsinjika kwa mkati mwa filimuyo, yomwe imaposa mphamvu zowonongeka za filimu yophimba.
1.1 Kusanthula zifukwa zazikulu
Ponena za chip core, chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti khalidwe la chip core silili bwino, ndipo kuuma ndi brittleness ndizochepa. Pa ❖ kuyanika ndondomeko, piritsi pachimake akukumana ndi kukangana kolimba pamene akugudubuza mu ❖ kuyanika poto, ndipo n'zovuta kupirira mphamvu yotere popanda kuuma mokwanira, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mapangidwe ndi kukonzekera njira ya piritsi pachimake. Pamene tinkanyamula mapiritsi omasulidwa a nifedipine, chifukwa cha kuuma pang'ono kwa piritsi pachimake, ufa unawonekera mbali imodzi, zomwe zimachititsa pores, ndipo filimu yophimba filimuyo inali yosalala komanso yowoneka bwino. Kuonjezera apo, chilema chophimba ichi chikugwirizananso ndi mtundu wa piritsi. Ngati filimuyo imakhala yosasangalatsa, makamaka ngati filimuyo ili ndi logo pa korona, imakonda kuvala mbali imodzi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito zokutira, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono kwa kupopera ndi kulowetsedwa kwakukulu kwa mpweya kapena kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya kumapangitsa kuti kuyanika kwachangu, kupangika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa filimu ya ma cores, nthawi yayitali yamapiritsi mu poto yokutira, ndi nthawi yayitali yovala. Kachiwiri, kupanikizika kwa atomization ndi kwakukulu, kukhuthala kwamadzimadzi okutira ndi otsika, madontho apakati pa atomization amakhazikika, ndipo zosungunulira zimaphulika pambuyo pa madontho kufalikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kwakukulu; nthawi yomweyo, kukangana pakati pa malo a mbali imodzi kumawonjezeranso kupsinjika kwamkati kwa filimuyo ndikufulumizitsa filimuyo. M'mphepete mwake.
Kuonjezera apo, ngati kusinthasintha kwa poto yophimba kumathamanga kwambiri kapena kuyika kwa baffle sikumveka, mphamvu yotsutsana pa piritsiyi idzakhala yaikulu, kotero kuti madzi otsekemera sangafalikire bwino, ndipo mapangidwe a filimu adzakhala pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zidzapangitsa kuvala kwa mbali imodzi.
Kuchokera ❖ kuyanika madzi, makamaka chifukwa cha kusankha polima mu chiphunzitso ndi otsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe ( ndende) wa ❖ kuyanika madzi, ndi osauka adhesion pakati ❖ kuyanika filimu ndi piritsi pachimake.
1.2 Yankho
Chimodzi ndikusintha kalembedwe ka piritsi kapena kachitidwe ka piritsi kuti muchepetse kuuma kwa pachimake. HPMC ndi zinthu zomatira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mapiritsi opangira mapiritsi kumagwirizana ndi magulu a hydroxyl pa mamolekyu owonjezera, ndipo magulu a hydroxyl amapanga ma hydrogen bonds ndi magulu ogwirizana a HPMC kuti apange adhesion apamwamba; Kumamatira kumachepa, ndipo mbali imodzi ndi filimu yophimba imakhala yosiyana. Chiwerengero cha magulu a hydroxyl pa cellulose ya microcrystalline cellulose ndi yayikulu, ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yomatira kwambiri, ndipo mapiritsi okonzedwa kuchokera ku lactose ndi shuga wina amakhala ndi mphamvu zomatira zolimbitsa thupi. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mafuta, makamaka mafuta a hydrophobic monga stearic acid, magnesium stearate, ndi glyceryl stearate, amachepetsa kugwirizana kwa haidrojeni pakati pa piritsi ndi polima mu njira yothetsera ❖ kuyanika, kupanga adhesion Mphamvu imachepa, ndipo ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta, mphamvu yomatira imachepa pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa mafuta, m'pamenenso kumamatira kumafowoka. Kuphatikiza apo, posankha mtundu wa piritsi, mtundu wa piritsi wa biconvex wozungulira uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe ungathere pakuyatira, zomwe zitha kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa zolakwika zokutira.
Chachiwiri ndikusintha kalembedwe kamadzimadzi okutira, kuonjezera zolimba mumadzi opaka kapena kukhuthala kwamadzimadzi opaka, ndikuwongolera mphamvu ndi kumamatira kwa filimu yophimba, yomwe ndi njira yosavuta yothetsera vutoli. Nthawi zambiri, zolimba mu ❖ kuyanika amadzimadzi ndi 12%, ndipo zolimba mu organic zosungunulira dongosolo ndi 5% mpaka 8%.
Kusiyana mamasukidwe akayendedwe a ❖ kuyanika madzi zimakhudza liwiro ndi mlingo wa malowedwe a ❖ kuyanika madzi mu piritsi pachimake. Pakakhala pang'ono kapena palibe kulowa, kumamatira kumakhala kotsika kwambiri. The mamasukidwe akayendedwe a ❖ kuyanika madzi ndi katundu ❖ kuyanika filimu zokhudzana ndi pafupifupi maselo kulemera kwa polima mu chiphunzitso. Kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa ma molekyulu, kumapangitsanso kuuma kwa filimu yophimba, kutsika kochepa komanso kukana kuvala. Mwachitsanzo, HPMC yomwe ikupezeka pamalonda ili ndi magiredi osiyanasiyana osankhidwa chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kulemera kwa maselo. Kuwonjezera chikoka cha polima, kuwonjezera plasticizers kapena kuonjezera zili talc akhoza kuchepetsa zochitika za filimu m'mphepete akulimbana, koma Kuwonjezera colorants chitsulo okusayidi ndi titaniyamu woipa kungakhudzenso mphamvu ya ❖ kuyanika filimu, choncho ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.
Chachitatu, mu ntchito ❖ kuyanika, m`pofunika kuonjezera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa liwiro, makamaka pamene ❖ kuyanika koyamba, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa liwiro ayenera pang`ono mofulumira, kotero kuti piritsi pachimake yokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza filimu mu nthawi yochepa, amene amagwira ntchito yoteteza pachimake piritsi. Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumathanso kuchepetsa kutentha kwa bedi, kuchuluka kwa evaporation ndi kutentha kwa filimu, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwamkati, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa filimu yosweka. Nthawi yomweyo, sinthani liwiro lozungulira la poto lopaka kuti likhale labwino kwambiri, ndikuyika chotchingacho moyenera kuti muchepetse kukangana ndi kuvala.
2.Kumamatira ndi matuza
Mu ndondomeko ❖ kuyanika, pamene kugwirizana kwa mawonekedwe pakati pa magawo awiri ndi wamkulu kuposa maselo kulekana mphamvu, angapo magawo (ambiri particles) adzakhala mwachidule chomangira ndiyeno kulekana. Pamene bwino pakati pa kutsitsi ndi kuyanika si bwino, filimuyo ndi yonyowa kwambiri, filimuyo imamatira pakhoma la mphika kapena kumamatirana, komanso kuyambitsa filimuyo kusweka pamalo omatira; Mu kutsitsi, pamene m'malovu si zouma mokwanira, madontho osasweka adzakhala mu ❖ kuyanika filimu m'deralo, pali thovu ang'onoang'ono, kupanga kuwira ❖ kuyanika wosanjikiza, kotero kuti ❖ kuyanika pepala kuoneka thovu.
2.1 Kusanthula zifukwa zazikulu
Kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa vuto la ❖ kuyanika uku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha ❖ kuyanika kwa ntchito, kusalinganika pakati pa kupopera ndi kuyanika. Liwiro la kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi lothamanga kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa atomu ndi waukulu kwambiri. Liwiro lowumitsa ndilochedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kutsika kwa mpweya wolowera kapena kutentha kwa mpweya wolowera komanso kutentha kwa bedi la pepala. Tsamba silimawuma wosanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza mu nthawi ndipo zomatira kapena thovu zimachitika. Komanso, chifukwa zosayenera kutsitsi ngodya kapena mtunda, chulucho opangidwa ndi kutsitsi ndi yaing'ono, ndi ❖ kuyanika madzi ndi anaikira m'dera lina, chifukwa m'deralo yonyowa, chifukwa mu adhesion. Pali pang'onopang'ono ❖ kuyanika mphika, mphamvu ya centrifugal ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, kugubuduza filimu sikuli bwino kumapangitsanso kumamatira.
Kupaka mamasukidwe akayendedwe amadzimadzi ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa. Zovala madzi mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi lalikulu, zosavuta kupanga zikuluzikulu chifunga madontho, mphamvu yake kudutsa mu pachimake ndi osauka, kwambiri mbali imodzi aggregation ndi adhesion, pa nthawi yomweyo, osalimba a filimuyo ndi osauka, zambiri thovu. Koma izi sizikhala ndi zotsatira zambiri pamamatire osakhalitsa.
Komanso, zosayenera filimu mtundu adzaoneka adhesion. Ngati lathyathyathya filimu mu ❖ kuyanika mphika anagubuduza si zabwino, adzakhala alipo pamodzi, n'zosavuta chifukwa iwiri kapena Mipikisano wosanjikiza filimu. M'mayesero athu a mapiritsi a buflomedil hydrochloride, zidutswa zambiri zowonjezera zidawonekera mumphika wamba wamadzi wa chestnuts chifukwa cha zokutira.
2.2 Mayankho
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusintha kutsitsi ndi kuyanika liwiro kuti tikwaniritse bwino. Chepetsani kuthamanga kwa kupopera, onjezerani mpweya wolowera ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, onjezerani kutentha kwa bedi ndikuwumitsa. Kuonjezera Kuphunzira m'dera kutsitsi, kuchepetsa pafupifupi tinthu kukula kwa kutsitsi m'malovu kapena kusintha mtunda pakati pa kutsitsi mfuti ndi pepala bedi, kuti zochitika zosakhalitsa adhesion amachepetsa ndi kusintha mtunda pakati pa kutsitsi mfuti ndi pepala bedi.
Sinthani ❖ kuyanika yankho mankhwala, kuonjezera zili zolimba mu ❖ kuyanika njira, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira kapena kuwonjezera ndende Mowa moyenerera mkati osiyanasiyana mamasukidwe akayendedwe; Anti-adhesive amathanso kuwonjezeredwa moyenera, monga talcum powder, magnesium stearate, silica gel powder kapena oxide peptide. Itha kusintha liwiro la ❖ kuyanika mphika, kuwonjezera mphamvu ya centrifugal ya bedi.
Sankhani mapepala oyenera. Komabe, kwa mapepala athyathyathya, monga mapiritsi a buflomedil hydrochloride, ❖ kuyanika kunachitika bwino pambuyo pake pogwiritsa ntchito poto yophimba bwino kapena kuyika baffle mu poto wamba ❖ kuyanika kulimbikitsa kugudubuza kwa pepala.
3.Kumbali imodzi rough and makwinya khungu
M`kati ❖ kuyanika, chifukwa ❖ kuyanika madzi si bwino kufalikira, zouma polima si omwazika, kusasamba mafunsidwe kapena adhesion padziko filimu, chifukwa mu osauka mtundu ndi m'goli pamwamba. Khungu lokwinya ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri, wowoneka bwino kwambiri.
3.1 Kusanthula zifukwa zazikulu
Yoyamba ikugwirizana ndi chip core. Kukula kokulirapo kwapakatikati kwa pachimake ndiko, kukulirapo kwapamwamba kwa chinthu chokutidwa kudzakhala.
Kachiwiri, ili ndi ubale wabwino ndi mankhwala opangira ❖ kuyanika. Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti kulemera kwa maselo, ndende ndi zowonjezera za polima mu njira yothetsera ❖ kuyanika zimagwirizana ndi kuuma kwa filimuyo. Iwo amachita ndi kukhudza mamasukidwe akayendedwe a ❖ kuyanika njira, ndi roughness wa ❖ kuyanika filimu pafupifupi liniya ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe a ❖ kuyanika njira, kuwonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Kuchulukitsitsa kolimba muzitsulo zomangira kungayambitse kukhudzika kwa mbali imodzi.
Pomaliza, zimagwirizana ndi ntchito yokutira. Liwiro la atomization ndilotsika kwambiri kapena lapamwamba kwambiri (zotsatira za atomization sizabwino), zomwe sizokwanira kufalitsa madontho a chifunga ndikupanga khungu lokwinya lambali imodzi. Ndipo kwambiri voliyumu youma mpweya (utsi mpweya ndi lalikulu kwambiri) kapena kutentha kwambiri, mofulumira evaporation, makamaka otaya mpweya ndi lalikulu kwambiri, kutulutsa eddy panopa, komanso kupanga droplet kufalikira si zabwino.
3.2 Mayankho
Choyamba ndi kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa pachimake. Pamaziko owonetsetsa kuti pachimake bwino, sinthani njira yothetsera ❖ kuyanika ndikuchepetsa kukhuthala (concentration) kapena zolimba za yankho la zokutira. Mowa-sungunuka kapena mowa-2-madzi zokutira njira yothetsera akhoza kusankhidwa. Ndiye kusintha ntchito zinthu, moyenerera kusintha liwiro la ❖ kuyanika mphika, kupanga filimu mpukutu wogawana, kuonjezera kukangana, kulimbikitsa kufalikira kwa ❖ kuyanika madzi. Ngati kutentha kwa bedi kuli kwakukulu, chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mpweya komanso kutentha kwa mpweya. Ngati pali zifukwa kutsitsi, atomization kuthamanga ayenera ziwonjezeke kufulumizitsa kutsitsi liwiro, ndi digiri atomization ndi kutsitsi voliyumu ayenera bwino kuti chifunga madontho kufalikira mokakamiza pamwamba pa pepala, kuti apange madontho chifunga ndi ang'onoang'ono pafupifupi m'mimba mwake ndi kupewa kuchitika kwa chifunga chachikulu madontho, makamaka ❖ kuyanika madzi ndi mamasukidwe aakulu. Mtunda pakati pa mfuti ya spray ndi bedi la pepala likhoza kusinthidwanso. Mfuti yopopera yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake yaying'ono ya nozzle (015 mm ~ 1.2 mm) komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kwa mpweya wa atomizing imasankhidwa. The kutsitsi mawonekedwe kusinthidwa osiyanasiyana lathyathyathya chulucho Angle chifunga otaya, kotero kuti m'malovu omwazika m'dera lalikulu chapakati.
4.Identify mlatho
4.1 Kusanthula zifukwa zazikulu
Izi zimachitika pamene pamwamba pa filimuyo ndi chizindikiro kapena chizindikiro. Chifukwa chovala nembanemba kukhala wololera mawotchi magawo, monga mkulu elasticity koyenelera, filimu mphamvu ndi osauka, osauka adhesion, etc., mu ndondomeko ya chovala nembanemba kuyanika kutulutsa mkulu kukokera mmbuyo, kuchokera zovala nembanemba pamwamba imprinting, nembanemba retraction ndi bridging zimachitika, kupanga mbali imodzi mphako mbisoweka kapena chizindikiro sichidziwika bwino, zifukwa chodabwitsa ichi chagona mu kupaka mankhwala.
4.2 Yankho
Sinthani kalembedwe ka ❖ kuyanika. Gwiritsani ntchito ma polima otsika kwambiri kapena ma polima apamwamba kwambiri opanga mafilimu; Wonjezerani kuchuluka kwa zosungunulira, kuchepetsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe ❖ kuyanika njira; Onjezani kuchuluka kwa plasticizer, kuchepetsa nkhawa zamkati. Zosiyanasiyana za plasticizer ndizosiyana, polyethylene glycol 200 ndi yabwino kuposa propylene glycol, glycerin. Ithanso kuchepetsa liwiro la kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Wonjezerani kutentha kwa mpweya wolowera, onjezerani kutentha kwa bedi la pepala, kotero kuti ❖ kuyanika kopangidwa kumakhala kolimba, koma kupewa kusweka kwa m'mphepete. Komanso, mamangidwe a chizindikiro kufa, tiyenera kulabadira m'lifupi mwa kudula Angle ndi mfundo zina zabwino, mmene ndingathere kupewa kuchitika mlatho chodabwitsa.
5.Clothing nembanemba chromatism
5.1 Kusanthula zifukwa zazikulu
M'mayankho ambiri opaka pali inki kapena utoto womwe umayimitsidwa mu njira yopaka utoto ndipo chifukwa cha ntchito yotchinga yosayenera, kugawa kwamtundu sikuli kofanana ndipo kusiyana kwamtundu kumapangidwa pakati pa magawo kapena magawo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti kuthamanga kwa poto yophimba kumakhala kochedwa kwambiri kapena kusakaniza bwino kumakhala kovutirapo, ndipo zotsatira zophimba yunifolomu sizingapezeke pakati pa zidutswa mu nthawi yowonongeka; Kuphatikizika kwa pigment kapena utoto mumadzi opaka utoto ndikokwera kwambiri kapena zolimba ndizokwera kwambiri, kapena kuthamanga kwa kupopera kwamadzi opaka kumathamanga kwambiri, kutentha kwa bedi kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, kotero kuti madzi opaka utoto sakutulutsa nthawi; Kumamatira kwa filimuyo kungayambitsenso; Maonekedwe a chidutswacho siwoyenera, monga chidutswa chachitali, kapisozi wooneka ngati chidutswa, chifukwa cha kugubuduza ngati chidutswa chozungulira, adzachititsanso kusiyana mtundu.
5.2 Yankho
Onjezani liwiro la ❖ kuyanika poto kapena kuchuluka kwa baffle, sinthani ku gawo loyenera, kuti pepala mu poto wogawana mpukutuwo. Kuchepetsa ❖ kuyanika madzi kutsitsi liwiro, kuchepetsa bedi kutentha. M'mapangidwe amankhwala opaka utoto, mulingo kapena zolimba za pigment kapena utoto ziyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndipo pigment yokhala ndi chophimba cholimba iyenera kusankhidwa. Pigment kapena utoto uyenera kukhala wosakhwima ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Utoto wosasungunuka wamadzi ndi wabwino kuposa utoto wosungunuka m'madzi, utoto wosasungunuka wamadzi susuntha ndi madzi mosavuta ngati utoto wosungunuka wamadzi, ndi shading, kukhazikika komanso kuchepetsa mpweya wamadzi, oxidation pa permeability ya filimuyo ndi yabwino kuposa utoto wosungunuka wamadzi. Sankhaninso mtundu wa chidutswa choyenera. Mu ndondomeko ❖ kuyanika filimu, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto osiyanasiyana, koma ziribe kanthu mtundu wa mavuto, zinthu zambiri, angathe kuthetsedwa mwa kuwongolera khalidwe pachimake, kusintha ❖ kuyanika mankhwala ndi ntchito, kuti tikwaniritse ntchito yosinthika ndi dialectical ntchito. Ndi luso laukadaulo wokutira, kukulitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina atsopano okutira ndi zida zokutira filimu, ukadaulo wokutira udzakhala wabwino kwambiri, kupaka filimu kudzapezanso chitukuko chofulumira popanga kukonzekera kolimba.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-25-2024