1. Cellulose inyuzwa na D-glucopyranose β- Umurongo wa polymer ugizwe no guhuza 1,4 glycoside. Indwara ya selile ubwayo ni kristaline cyane kandi ntishobora guhindagurika mu mazi cyangwa ngo ibe ururenda, bityo igomba guhindurwa muburyo bwa shimi. Hydroxyl yubusa kumwanya C-2, C-3 na C-6 iha ibikorwa byimiti kandi irashobora kuba okiside reaction, etherification, esterification hamwe na copolymerisation. Ubushobozi bwa selile yahinduwe irashobora kunozwa kandi ifite imikorere myiza ya firime.
2. Mu 1908, umuhanga mu bya shimi w’Ubusuwisi Jacques Brandenberg yateguye filime ya selilose ya mbere ya selile, yatangije iterambere ry’ibikoresho byoroheje bipfunyika mu mucyo. Kuva mu myaka ya za 1980, abantu batangiye kwiga selile yahinduwe nka firime iribwa no gutwikira. Guhindura selile ya selile ni membrane yibikoresho bikozwe mubikomokaho byabonetse nyuma yo guhindura imiti ya selile. Ubu bwoko bwa membrane bufite imbaraga zingana, guhinduka, gukorera mu mucyo, kurwanya amavuta, kunuka kandi kutaryoshye, amazi yo hagati hamwe na ogisijeni irwanya.
3. CMC ikoreshwa mu biribwa bikaranze, nk'ifiriti y'Ubufaransa, kugirango igabanye ibinure. Iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe na calcium chloride, ingaruka nibyiza. HPMC na MC bikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa bivura ubushyuhe, cyane cyane mubiribwa bikaranze, kuko ni gele yumuriro. Muri Afurika, MC, HPMC, poroteyine y'ibigori na amylose bikoreshwa mu guhagarika amavuta aribwa mu biribwa bikaranze bikaranze bikaranze, nko gutera no gushira ibisubizo bibisi ku mipira y'ibishyimbo bitukura kugirango bategure firime ziribwa. Ibikoresho bya MC byinjijwe ni byiza cyane muri barrière yamavuta, bishobora kugabanya kwinjiza amavuta 49%. Muri rusange, ingero zashizwemo zerekana amavuta yo hasi kuruta ayo yatewe.
4. MCna HPMC ikoreshwa kandi mubitegererezo by'ibinyamisogwe nk'imipira y'ibirayi, ibishishwa, chipo y'ibirayi hamwe n'ifu kugira ngo imikorere ya bariyeri ikorwe neza. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko MC ifite imikorere myiza yo guhagarika ubuhehere n’amavuta.Ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi biterwa ahanini na hydrophilique nkeya. Binyuze kuri microscope, birashobora kugaragara ko firime ya MC ifata neza ibiryo bikaranze. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko igifuniko cya HPMC cyatewe kumipira yinkoko gifite amazi meza kandi gishobora kugabanya cyane amavuta mugihe cyo gukaranga. Amazi yicyitegererezo cyanyuma arashobora kwiyongeraho 16.4%, hejuru yamavuta arashobora kugabanukaho 17.9%, naho amavuta yimbere arashobora kugabanukaho 33.7% .Imikorere yamavuta ya bariyeri ifitanye isano nubushyuhe bwa gel yumuriro waHPMC. Ku cyiciro cyambere cya gel, ubwiza bwiyongera vuba, guhuza intermolecular bibaho byihuse, hamwe nigisubizo cya 50-90 ℃. Gele irashobora kubuza kwimuka kwamazi namavuta mugihe cyo gukaranga. Ongeramo hydrogel kumurongo winyuma wibice byinkoko bikaranze byinjijwe mumigati yumugati birashobora kugabanya ibibazo byimyiteguro, kandi birashobora kugabanya cyane kwinjiza amavuta yamabere yinkoko kandi bikagumana imiterere yihariye yicyitegererezo.
5. Nubwo HPMC ari ibikoresho byiza bya firime biribwa bifite imiterere yubukanishi hamwe n’amazi arwanya imyuka, ntabwo bifite isoko rito ku isoko. Hariho ibintu bibiri bibuza ikoreshwa ryabyo: icya mbere, ni gel yumuriro, ni ukuvuga, viscoelastic ikomeye nka gel ikozwe mubushyuhe bwinshi, ariko ibaho mubisubizo bifite ubukonje buke cyane mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Nkigisubizo, matrix igomba gushyuha no gukama ku bushyuhe bwinshi mugihe cyo kwitegura. Bitabaye ibyo, mugihe cyo gutwikira, gutera cyangwa kwibiza, igisubizo kiroroshye kumanuka, gukora ibikoresho bya firime bitaringaniye, bigira ingaruka kumikorere ya firime ziribwa. Byongeye kandi, iki gikorwa kigomba kwemeza ko amahugurwa yumusaruro yose abikwa hejuru ya 70 ℃, gutakaza ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubwibyo, birakenewe kugabanya ingingo ya gel cyangwa kongera ubukonje bwayo mubushyuhe buke. Icya kabiri, birazimvye cyane, hafi 100000 yuan / toni.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-26-2024