1. Imiterere y'ibanze ya HPMC
Hypromellose, izina ry'Icyongereza hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, bita HPMC. Formula yayo ya molekile ni C8H15O8-(C10Hl8O6)n-C8Hl5O8, kandi uburemere bwa molekile ni hafi 86.000. Iki gicuruzwa ni ibikoresho bya semi-synthetic, biri mu itsinda rya methyl n'igice cya polyhydroxypropyl ether ya cellulose. Gishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bubiri: bumwe ni ugutunganya cellulose ya methyl yo mu rwego rukwiye na NaOH, hanyuma ugakoresha propylene oxide mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Igihe cyo gukora response kigomba gukomeza kugira ngo methyl na hydroxypropyl groups bifatanye na ether. Ishusho ya ihujwe n'impeta ya anhydroglucose ya cellulose, kandi ishobora kugera ku rugero rwifuzwa; ubundi ni ugutunganya linter y'ipamba cyangwa fibre ya pulp y'ibiti ukoresheje soda ya caustic, hanyuma ukabona ukoresheje chlorine methane na propylene oxide bikurikirana, hanyuma ugakomeza gukosora, gusya, gukora ifu nziza kandi ingana cyangwa granule. HPMC ni ubwoko bw'ibimera karemano bya selulose, kandi ni n'umuti mwiza cyane, ufite isoko rinini. Kuri ubu, ikoreshwa cyane mu gihugu no mu mahanga, kandi ni imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane mu miti inyobwa.
Ibara ry'iki gicuruzwa ni ibara ry'umweru kugeza ku ibara ry'amata, ntirigira uburozi kandi ntiriryoha, kandi ni ifu y'ibinure cyangwa iy'imigozi, yoroshye gutemba. Irahamye iyo ihuye n'urumuri n'ubushuhe. Irabyimba mu mazi akonje kugira ngo ikore umuti w'umweru wa colloidal ufite ubushyuhe runaka. Ihinduka rya sol-gel rishobora kubaho bitewe n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bw'umuti runaka. Biroroshye cyane gushonga muri 70% bya alcool cyangwa dimethyl ketone, kandi ntibishonga muri alcool ya anhydrous, chloroform cyangwa ethoxyethane.
Hypromellose igira ubuziranenge bwiza iyo pH iri hagati ya 4.0 na 8.0, kandi ishobora kubaho neza hagati ya 3.0 na 11.0. Nyuma yo kubika mu minsi 10 ku bushyuhe bwa 20°C n'ubushyuhe bwa 80%, igipimo cyo kwinjiza ubushuhe cya HPMC ni 6.2%.
Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'ibikubiye mu bintu bibiri bisimbura mu miterere ya hypromellose, methoxy na hydroxypropyl, hagaragaye ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa. Mu buryo bwihariye, ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bufite ubukana bwihariye kandi ubushyuhe bwa gelation bukoresha imiterere itandukanye kandi bushobora gukoreshwa mu ntego zitandukanye. Farumasi zo mu bihugu bitandukanye zifite ibisobanuro bitandukanye n'imvugo zitandukanye kuri iyo modeli: Farumasi y'i Burayi ishingiye ku byiciro bitandukanye by'ubukana butandukanye n'ibipimo bitandukanye byo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa biri ku isoko. Igaragazwa n'urwego hamwe n'umubare. Igice ni mPa•s. Nyuma yo kongeramo imibare 4 kugira ngo hagaragazwe ibikubiye n'ubwoko bwa buri gice gisimbura hypromellose, urugero, hypromellose 2208, imibare ibiri ya mbere igaragaza ijanisha rya hafi ry'itsinda rya methoxy, imibare ibiri ya nyuma igaragaza hydroxypropyl Ijanisha ry'imanza.
2. Uburyo bwo gushongesha HPMC mu mazi
2.1 Uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi ashyushye
Kubera ko hypromellose idashonga mu mazi ashyushye, ishobora gukwirakwizwa mu mazi ashyushye mu buryo bumwe ku ntambwe ya mbere, hanyuma iyo imaze gukonjeshwa, uburyo bubiri busanzwe busobanurwa butya:
(1) Shyira amazi ashyushye akenewe mu gikoresho hanyuma uyashyushye kugeza kuri dogere 70. Shyiramo buhoro buhoro umuti urimo ubyutsa buhoro buhoro. Mu ntangiriro, umuti ureremba hejuru y'amazi, hanyuma buhoro buhoro ugakora ururenda. Konjesha ururenda.
(2) Shyiramo 1/3 cyangwa 2/3 by'amazi akenewe mu gikoresho hanyuma ushyushye kugeza kuri 70°C kugira ngo unyanyagize umusaruro kugira ngo utegure igishishwa cy'amazi ashyushye, hanyuma ushyiremo amazi akonje cyangwa amazi y'urubura asigaye mu gishishwa cy'amazi ashyushye. Muri icyo gishishwa, shyiramo uruvange nyuma yo kuvanga.
2.2 Uburyo bwo kuvanga ifu
Uduce tw'ifu n'ibindi bintu bingana cyangwa byinshi bivanze neza bivangwa byumye, hanyuma amazi akongeramo kugira ngo bishonge. Muri iki gihe, hypromellose ishobora gushongeshwa nta guhurira hamwe.
3. Ibyiza bya HPMC
3.1 Gushonga kw'amazi akonje
Ishongeshwa mu mazi akonje ari munsi ya 40°C cyangwa 70% bya ethanol. Muri rusange ntishongeshwa mu mazi ashyushye ari hejuru ya 60°C, ariko ishobora gushonga.
3.2 Ubusembwa bw'ibinyabutabire
Hypromellose (HPMC) ni ubwoko bwa eteri ya cellulose itari ionic. Umuti wayo nta charge ya ionic ufite kandi ntukorana n'imyunyungugu y'icyuma cyangwa imyuka ya ionic. Kubwibyo, ibindi bintu biwugize ntibiwuhuza mu gihe cyo kuwutegura.
3.3 Ituze
Irahindagurika cyane haba kuri aside na alkali, kandi ishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire hagati ya pH 3 na 1l, kandi ubushyuhe bwayo nta mpinduka igaragara igira. Umuti w'amazi wa hypromellose (HPMC) ugira ingaruka zo kurwanya imyuka kandi ushobora kugumana ubushyuhe bwiza mu gihe kibitswe igihe kirekire. Ibyuma bikoresha imiti bikoresha HPMC bifite ubushyuhe bwiza kurusha ibikoresha ibintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa (nk'ibinyabutabire, sitashi, nibindi).
3.4 Guhindura ubukana bw'ubushyuhe
Ibikomoka kuri viscosity bitandukanye bya HPMC bishobora kuvangwa mu bipimo bitandukanye, kandi viscosity yayo ishobora guhinduka hakurikijwe itegeko runaka, kandi ikagira isano nziza, bityo ishobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibisabwa.
3.5 Indwara ya metabolike
HPMC ntabwo yinjizwa cyangwa ngo ikoreshwe mu mubiri, kandi ntabwo itanga karori, bityo ikaba ari ikintu cyizewe cyo gukoresha mu miti.
3.6 Umutekano
Muri rusange abantu bemera ko HPMC ari ikintu kidahumanya kandi kidatera umujinya. Igipimo cy’imbeba cyica ni 5g/kg, naho igipimo cy’imbeba cyica ni 5.2g/kg. Igipimo cya buri munsi nta ngaruka mbi ku mubiri w’umuntu.
4. Gukoresha HPMC mu gutegura
4.1 Ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gusiga firime no gukora firime
Hypromellose (HPMC) ikoreshwa nk'ibinini bipfundikiye. Ugereranyije n'ibinini bisanzwe bipfundikiye nk'ibinini bipfundikiye isukari, ibinini bipfundikiye nta nyungu zigaragara bifite mu guhisha uburyohe n'isura, ariko gukomera kwabyo no guhindagurika, kwinjiza amazi, kwangirika, kwiyongera ibiro n'ibindi bipimo by'ubwiza ni byiza kurushaho. Ingano y'ubukana buke bw'iki gicuruzwa ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gupfundikira firime bishongesha amazi ku binini n'ibinini, naho ingano y'ubukana bwinshi ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo gupfundikira firime ku buryo bw'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku bimera. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa ni 2.0%-20%.
4.2 nk'ikintu gihuza kandi kigatandukana
Ingano y'ubukana buke bw'iki gicuruzwa ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gifunga n'ikivange ku binini, ibinini, n'ibice by'umuhondo, naho ingano y'ubukana bwinshi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gifunga gusa. Igipimo gitandukana bitewe n'uburyo butandukanye n'ibisabwa. Muri rusange, ingano y'ikintu gifunga gikoreshwa ku binini byumye ni 5%, naho ingano y'ikintu gifunga gikoreshwa ku binini by'umuhondo ni 2%.
4.3 Nk'umukozi uhagarika akazi
Umuti uhagarika ni ikintu cya gel gifite imiterere y’amazi. Gukoresha umuti uhagarika mu muti uhagarika bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko w’uduce duto two mu mazi, kandi ushobora gushyirwa ku buso bw’uduce kugira ngo utu duce tudahinduka polymer no kwivanga. Umuti uhagarika bigira uruhare runini mu gukora umuti uhagarika. HPMC ni ubwoko bwiza bw’umuti uhagarika. Umuti wa colloidal uvanzemo ushobora kugabanya imbaraga z’umuvuduko w’umuti uhuza n’amazi n’ingufu ku duce duto dukomeye, bityo bikanongera ubusugire bw’uburyo butandukanye bwo gutatanya. Iki gicuruzwa ni umuti uhagarika ufite imiterere myinshi utegurwa nk’umuti uhagarika. Gifite ingaruka nziza zo guhagarika, byoroshye kongera gutatanya, ntigifatana, kandi uduce duto twometse. Ingano isanzwe ni 0.5% kugeza 1.5%.
4.4 Ikoreshwa nk'ikintu kibuza, gisohora buhoro kandi kigenzurwa n'amategeko ndetse n'ikintu kigira imyenge
Ingano y'ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'iki gicuruzwa ikoreshwa mu gutegura ibinini bya gel matrix birekura amazi, ibinini birekura imiti n'ibinini birekura imiti bivangwa n'ibintu birekura imiti. Igira ingaruka zo gutinza irekurwa ry'imiti. Ikoreshwa ryayo ni 10% ~ 80% (W /W). Ingano y'ubushyuhe buke ikoreshwa nk'ikintu gitanga imyenge mu gukora imiti irekura ...
4.5 Kole yo kurinda ikoreshwa nk'iy'ingufu zo gukurura no gukurura
Iyo iki gicuruzwa gikoreshejwe nk'ikibyimba, igipimo gisanzwe ni 0.45% ~ 1.0%. Iki gicuruzwa gishobora kandi kongera ubushobozi bwa kole idakoresha amazi, gukora koloyide irinda, gukumira guhurirana kw'uduce duto no guterana kw'ibintu, bityo bikabuza ishingwa ry'ibisigazwa. Igipimo gisanzwe ni 0.5% ~ 1.5%.
4.6 Ikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya kapsule
Ubusanzwe, ibikoresho by'agapfukamunwa k'agapfukamunwa byiganjemo gelatin. Uburyo bwo gukora agapfukamunwa ka Ming biroroshye, ariko hari ibibazo bimwe na bimwe nko kurinda nabi imiti idashobora guhumeka n'umwuka wa ogisijeni, kugabanya gushonga kw'imiti, no gutinda kwangirika kw'agapfukamunwa mu gihe cyo kubika. Kubwibyo, hypromellose ikoreshwa nk'inyongera ku bikoresho by'agapfukamunwa mu gutegura udupfukamunwa, ibyo bikaba byongera ubushobozi bwo gushonga no gukoresha agapfukamunwa, kandi byamamajwe cyane mu gihugu no mu mahanga.
4.7 Nk'ikintu gifata ubuzima
Ikoranabuhanga rya Bioadhesive, ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bifasha mu gufatana na polymers bioadhesive, binyuze mu gufatana n'umura w'ibinyabuzima, byongera uburyo umuti ukomeza gukorana n'umura, ku buryo umuti urekurwa buhoro buhoro kandi ukinjizwa n'umura kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yo kuvura. Ubu ukoreshwa cyane. Ukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mazuru no mu mucosa yo mu kanwa. Ikoranabuhanga rya Bioadhesion mu gifu ni ubwoko bushya bw'uburyo bwo gutanga imiti bwakozwe mu myaka ya vuba aha. Ntabwo byongera gusa igihe cyo gutegura imiti mu nzira y'igifu, ahubwo nanone byongera imikorere y'umuti n'ururenda rw'uturemangingo rw'aho ufata ndetse bigahindura uburyo ururenda rw'uturemangingo rukora. Imbaraga z'umuti zinjira mu turemangingo tw'inda nto zirushaho kwiyongera, bityo bikongera ubushobozi bwo kubona umuti.
4.8 Nk'umuti wo mu bwoko bwa gel
Nk'umuti wo gushushanya uruhu, gel ifite ibyiza byinshi nko kugira umutekano, ubwiza, koroshya gusukura, ku giciro gito, uburyo bworoshye bwo gutegura, no guhuza neza n'imiti. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, yibanzweho cyane kandi yabaye iterambere ry'imiti yo hanze y'uruhu.
4.9 Nk'ikintu kibuza imvura kugwa muri sisitemu yo gukurura
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 16-2021