I-Cellulose ether iyisigaba esibalulekile sama-polymer compounds, asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, kwezokwelapha, ekudleni nakweminye imikhakha. Phakathi kwawo, i-HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), i-MC (methylcellulose), i-HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) kanye ne-CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) yizinhlobo ezine ezivamile ze-cellulose ethers.
I-Methyl cellulose (MC):
I-MC iyancibilika emanzini abandayo futhi kunzima ukuyincibilika emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu ebangeni le-pH=3~12, sinokuhambisana okuhle, futhi singaxutshwa nezinhlobonhlobo zama-surfactants njengesitashi kanye ne-guar gum. Lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa le-gelation, kwenzeka i-gelation.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC kuncike enanini layo lokwengeza, ukujiya, ubucwebe bezinhlayiya kanye nezinga lokuncibilika. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokugcina amanzi liphezulu uma inani lokwengeza likhulu, izinhlayiya zilungile futhi ubucwebe buphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, inani lokwengeza linomthelela omkhulu esilinganisweni sokugcina amanzi, futhi izinga lokujiya alilingani nezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi. Izinga lokuncibilika lincike kakhulu ezingeni lokuguqulwa kobuso kanye nobucwebe bezinhlayiya ze-cellulose.
Izinguquko zokushisa zizothinta kakhulu ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC. Ngokuvamile, uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu, kulapho ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuba kubi kakhulu. Uma izinga lokushisa le-mortar lidlula ama-40°C, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC kuzoncipha kakhulu, okuzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar.
I-MC inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokwakhiwa kanye nokunamathela kwe-mortar. Lapha, “ukunamathela” kubhekisela ekunamatheleni phakathi kwamathuluzi okwakha esisebenzi kanye ne-substrate yodonga, okungukuthi, ukumelana nokusika kwe-mortar. Uma ukunamathela kukhulu, ukumelana nokusika kwe-mortar kukhulu, amandla adingekayo esisebenzi ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa ayanda, kanye nokusebenza kabi kokwakha kwe-mortar. Ukunamathela kwe-MC kusezingeni eliphakathi phakathi kwemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether.
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
I-HPMC incibilika kalula emanzini, kodwa kungaba nzima ukuyincibilika emanzini ashisayo. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa layo lokugaya emanzini ashisayo liphakeme kakhulu kunele-MC, futhi ukuncibilika kwayo emanzini abandayo nakho kungcono kunele-MC.
I-viscosity ye-HPMC ihlobene nesisindo sama-molecule, futhi i-viscosity iphezulu lapho isisindo sama-molecule sikhulu. Izinga lokushisa lithinta ne-viscosity yayo, futhi i-viscosity iyancipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, kodwa izinga lokushisa lapho i-viscosity yayo incipha khona liphansi kunele-MC. Isixazululo sayo sizinzile ekushiseni kwegumbi.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kuncike enanini lokwengeza kanye nokuthambekela, njll. Izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi enanini elifanayo lokwengeza liphakeme kunele-MC.
I-HPMC izinzile kuma-asidi nama-alkali, futhi isixazululo sayo samanzi sizinzile kakhulu kububanzi be-pH obungu-2 ~ 12. I-caustic soda namanzi e-lime awathinti kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo, kodwa i-alkali ingasheshisa izinga layo lokuncibilika futhi yandise i-viscosity. I-HPMC izinzile kuma-salts ajwayelekile, kodwa lapho ukuhlushwa kwesisombululo sikasawoti kuphezulu, i-viscosity yesisombululo se-HPMC ivame ukwanda.
I-HPMC ingaxutshwa nama-polymer compounds ancibilika emanzini ukuze kwakheke isixazululo esifanayo nesinobuthi obukhulu, njenge-polyvinyl alcohol, i-starch ether, i-vegetable gum, njll.
I-HPMC inokumelana okungcono kwama-enzyme kune-MC, futhi isixazululo sayo asithinteki kakhulu ekuwohlokeni kwama-enzyme kune-MC. I-HPMC inokunamathela okungcono ku-mortar kune-MC.
I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
I-HEC iyancibilika emanzini abandayo futhi kunzima ukuyincibilika emanzini ashisayo. Isixazululo sizinzile ekushiseni okuphezulu futhi asinazo izakhiwo zejeli. Singasetshenziswa ku-mortar isikhathi eside ekushiseni okuphezulu, kodwa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwayo kuphansi kune-MC.
I-HEC izinzile kuma-asidi ajwayelekile nama-alkali, ama-alkali angasheshisa ukuncibilika kwawo futhi andise kancane i-viscosity, futhi ukuhlakazeka kwawo emanzini kuphansi kancane kune-MC ne-HPMC.
I-HEC isebenza kahle ekumisweni kwe-mortar, kodwa i-samente inesikhathi eside sokulibala.
I-HEC ekhiqizwa amanye amabhizinisi asekhaya inokusebenza okuphansi kune-MC ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwamanzi amaningi kanye nokuqukethwe komlotha.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
I-CMC iyi-ionic cellulose ether elungiselelwe uchungechunge lwezindlela zokwelapha zokusabela ngemuva kokuba imicu yemvelo (njengokotini) iphathwe nge-alkali kanti i-chloroacetic acid isetshenziswa njenge-etherifying agent. Izinga lokushintsha ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-0.4 no-1.4, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuthinteka kakhulu yizinga lokushintsha.
I-CMC inemiphumela yokuqina kanye nokuqinisa i-emulsification, futhi ingasetshenziswa eziphuzweni eziqukethe uwoyela namaprotheni ukuze idlale indima yokuzinzisa i-emulsification.
I-CMC inomphumela wokugcina amanzi. Emikhiqizweni yenyama, isinkwa, amabhanisi aphekiwe kanye nokunye ukudla, ingadlala indima ekuthuthukisweni kwezicubu, futhi ingenza amanzi angashisi kakhulu, inyuse umkhiqizo, futhi inyuse ukunambitheka.
I-CMC inomphumela we-gelling futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza ijeli nejamu.
I-CMC ingakha ifilimu phezu kokudla, enomthelela othile wokuvikela izithelo nemifino futhi yandise impilo yeshelufu yezithelo nemifino.
Lawa ma-ether e-cellulose ngalinye linezakhiwo zalo ezihlukile kanye nezindawo zokusetshenziswa. Ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo efanelekile kudinga ukunqunywa ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zokusetshenziswa kanye nezimo zemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-29-2024