Cellulose ether imhando yakakosha yemakomponi epolymer, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka, mushonga, chikafu nedzimwe nzvimbo. Pakati pawo, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), MC (methylcellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) uye CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) ndidzo ether ina dzakajairika dze cellulose.
Methyl cellulose (MC):
MC inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora uye yakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Mvura iyi inogara yakasimba pakati pe pH = 3 ~ 12, inoenderana zvakanaka, uye inogona kusanganiswa nemhando dzakasiyana dzema surfactants dzakadai se starch ne guar gum. Kana tembiricha yasvika pa tembiricha ye gelation, gelation inoitika.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo hwekuwedzera, viscosity, kupfava kwezvikamu uye mwero wekunyungudika. Kazhinji, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura wakakwira kana huwandu hwekuwedzera hwakawanda, zvikamu zvakanaka uye viscosity yakakwira. Pakati pazvo, huwandu hwekuwedzera hune simba guru pahuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura, uye mwero we viscosity hauenderane ne mwero wekuchengetedza mvura. Mwero wekunyungudika unonyanya kutsamira padanho rekuchinja kwepamusoro uye kupfava kwezvikamu zve cellulose.
Kuchinja kwetembiricha kuchakanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC. Kazhinji, kana tembiricha yakakwira, kuchengetwa kwemvura kwakawedzera. Kana tembiricha yemortar ikapfuura 40°C, kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC kuchaderera zvakanyanya, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya mashandiro emortar.
MC ine simba guru pakushanda kwekuvaka uye kunamatira kwesimbi. Pano, "kunamatira" zvinoreva kubatana pakati pezvishandiso zvemushandi zvekuvaka nemadziro, kureva kuti, kuramba kunamatira kwesimbi. Kana simbi ichibatanidzwa zvakanyanya, kuramba kunamatira kwesimbi kunowedzera, simba rinodiwa nemushandi panguva yekushandiswa, uye kushanda kwakashata kwesimbi. Kunamatira kwesimbi yeMC kuri pakati nepakati pakati pezvigadzirwa zve cellulose ether.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
HPMC inonyungudika nyore mumvura, asi inogona kuoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Zvisinei, tembiricha yayo ye gelation mumvura inopisa yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura ye MC, uye kunyungudika kwayo mumvura inotonhora kuri naniwo pane ye MC.
Kuwanda kweHPMC kwakabatana nehuremu hwemamorekuru, uye kuwanda kwacho kwakakwira kana huremu hwemamorekuru hwacho hwakakura. Tembiricha inokanganisawo kuwanda kwayo, uye kuwanda kwayo kunoderera sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, asi tembiricha inoderera kuwanda kwayo yakaderera pane yeMC. Mhinduro yayo inogara yakagadzikana patembiricha yemumba.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kweHPMC kunoenderana nehuwandu hwekuwedzera uye viscosity, nezvimwewo. Mwero wekuchengetedza mvura nehuwandu humwe hwekuwedzera wakakwira kupfuura weMC.
HPMC inogara yakagadzikana kune acids nealkalis, uye mvura yayo inogadzikana zvikuru mu pH iri pakati pe2 ~ 12. Caustic soda nemvura ye lime hazvina zvazvinobatsira pakushanda kwayo, asi alkali inogona kukurumidzisa kunyungudika kwayo uye kuwedzera viscosity. HPMC inogara yakagadzikana kune general salts, asi kana huwandu hwemunyu hwakakwira, viscosity ye HPMC solution inowanzo kuwedzera.
HPMC inogona kusanganiswa nemakemikari epolymer anonyungudika mumvura kuti igadzire mhinduro yakafanana uye ine viscosity yakawanda, yakadai sepolyvinyl alcohol, starch ether, vegetable gum, nezvimwewo.
HPMC inodzivirira ma enzyme zviri nani pane MC, uye mhinduro yayo hainyanyi kukanganiswa nekuora kwema enzyme pane MC. HPMC inonamatira zviri nani pamortar pane MC.
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
HEC inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora uye yakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Mushonga wacho wakasimba kana tembiricha yakakwira uye hauna hunhu hwegel. Unogona kushandiswa mumortar kwenguva yakareba kana tembiricha yakakwira, asi kuchengetedza mvura kwacho kwakaderera pane MC.
HEC yakagadzikana kune general acids uye alkalis, alkali inogona kukurumidzisa kunyungudika kwayo uye kuwedzera viscosity zvishoma, uye kupararira kwayo mumvura kwakaderera zvishoma pane MC neHPMC.
HEC ine simba rakanaka rekumisa simbi padhaka, asi simende yacho inononoka kwenguva yakareba.
HEC inogadzirwa nemamwe mabhizinesi emuno haina kushanda kwakawanda pane MC nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwemvura yakawanda uye huwandu hwedota.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
CMC i-ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa nemaitiro akasiyana-siyana ekurapa mushure mekunge fiber dzechisikigo (dzakadai sedonje) dzarapwa nealkali uye chloroacetic acid inoshandiswa se etherifying agent. Dhigirii rekutsiva rinowanzova pakati pe0.4 ne1.4, uye mashandiro aro anokanganiswa zvakanyanya nedhigirii rekutsiva.
CMC ine simba rekusimbisa kukora uye emulsification, uye inogona kushandiswa muzvinwiwa zvine mafuta neprotein kuti iite basa rekusimbisa emulsification.
CMC ine simba rekuchengetedza mvura. Muzvigadzirwa zvenyama, chingwa, mabhanzi akabikwa nemhepo nezvimwe zvekudya, inogona kuita basa rekuvandudza ganda, uye inogona kuita kuti mvura isanyanya kupfava, kuwedzera goho rezvigadzirwa, uye kuwedzera kuravira.
CMC ine simba rekugadzira jelly uye inogona kushandiswa kugadzira jelly nejamu.
CMC inogona kugadzira firimu pamusoro pechikafu, iyo ine simba rekudzivirira pamichero nemiriwo uye inowedzera hupenyu hwemichero nemiriwo.
Ma ether e cellulose aya ane hunhu hwawo hwakasiyana nenzvimbo dzawo dzekushandisa. Kusarudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakakodzera kunofanirwa kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa uye mamiriro ekunze.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-29-2024