Cellulose ether muhimmin rukuni ne na mahaɗan polymer, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a gine-gine, magunguna, abinci da sauran fannoni. Daga cikinsu, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), MC (methylcellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) da CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) sune ƙwayoyin cellulose guda huɗu da aka fi sani.
Methyl cellulose (MC):
MC yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi kuma yana da wahalar narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi. Maganin ruwa yana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin kewayon pH = 3 ~ 12, yana da kyakkyawan jituwa, kuma ana iya haɗa shi da nau'ikan surfactants kamar sitaci da guar gum. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai zafin gelation, gelation yana faruwa.
Rikewar ruwa na MC ya dogara ne da adadin ƙarinsa, ɗanko, ƙanƙantar barbashi da kuma yawan narkewar sa. Gabaɗaya, yawan riƙe ruwa yana da yawa lokacin da adadin ƙarin ya yi yawa, ƙwayoyin suna da kyau kuma ɗanko yana da yawa. Daga cikinsu, adadin ƙarin yana da babban tasiri akan ƙimar riƙe ruwa, kuma matakin ɗanko bai yi daidai da ƙimar riƙe ruwa ba. Yawan narkewar ya dogara ne akan matakin gyaran saman da ƙanƙantar barbashi na ƙwayoyin cellulose.
Canje-canjen zafin jiki zai yi tasiri sosai ga riƙewar ruwa na MC. Gabaɗaya, idan yawan zafin ya yi yawa, to, riƙewar ruwa ta yi muni. Idan zafin turmi ya wuce 40°C, riƙewar ruwa na MC zai ragu sosai, wanda hakan zai shafi aikin ginin turmi.
MC yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin gini da mannewa na turmi. A nan, "mannewa" yana nufin mannewa tsakanin kayan aikin gini na ma'aikaci da kuma abin da ke kan bango, wato, juriyar yanke turmi. Girman mannewa, girman juriyar yanke turmi, ƙarfin da ma'aikacin ke buƙata yayin amfani, da kuma rashin kyawun aikin ginin turmi. Mannewar MC tana da matsakaicin matsayi tsakanin samfuran cellulose ether.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
HPMC yana narkewa cikin sauƙi a cikin ruwa, amma yana iya zama da wahala a narke a cikin ruwan zafi. Duk da haka, zafin gelation ɗinsa a cikin ruwan zafi ya fi na MC girma sosai, kuma narkewarsa a cikin ruwan sanyi shi ma ya fi na MC kyau.
Dankowar HPMC tana da alaƙa da nauyin kwayoyin halitta, kuma dankowar tana da yawa idan nauyin kwayoyin halitta ya yi yawa. Zafin jiki kuma yana shafar dankowarta, kuma dankowarta yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, amma zafin da dankowarta ke raguwa ya fi na MC ƙasa. Maganinta yana da karko a zafin ɗaki.
Rikewar ruwa na HPMC ya dogara ne akan adadin ƙari da danko, da sauransu. Yawan riƙewar ruwa a daidai adadin ƙari ya fi na MC.
HPMC yana da daidaito ga acid da alkalis, kuma ruwan da yake sha yana da daidaito sosai a cikin kewayon pH na 2 ~ 12. Soda mai kauri da ruwan lemun tsami ba su da tasiri sosai kan aikinsu, amma alkali na iya hanzarta saurin narkewarsa da kuma ƙara danko. HPMC yana da daidaito ga gishirin gabaɗaya, amma idan yawan ruwan gishiri ya yi yawa, danko na ruwan HPMC yakan ƙaru.
Ana iya haɗa HPMC da mahaɗan polymer masu narkewa cikin ruwa don samar da mafita mai kama da juna, mai ƙarfi, kamar barasar polyvinyl, sitaci ether, ɗanko na kayan lambu, da sauransu.
HPMC tana da juriya ga enzyme fiye da MC, kuma maganinta ba shi da saurin kamuwa da lalacewar enzymatic fiye da MC. HPMC tana da mannewa mafi kyau ga turmi fiye da MC.
Hadin sinadarin hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
HEC yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi kuma yana da wahalar narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi. Maganin yana da ƙarfi a zafin jiki mai yawa kuma ba shi da halayen gel. Ana iya amfani da shi a cikin turmi na dogon lokaci a zafin jiki mai yawa, amma riƙewar ruwansa ya yi ƙasa da MC.
HEC yana da daidaito ga acid da alkalis na gabaɗaya, alkali na iya hanzarta narkewar sa kuma ya ƙara ɗanɗano kaɗan, kuma watsewar sa a cikin ruwa ya ɗan yi ƙasa da MC da HPMC.
HEC tana da kyakkyawan aikin dakatarwa ga turmi, amma simintin yana da tsawon lokaci mai jinkiri.
HEC da wasu kamfanonin cikin gida ke samarwa yana da ƙarancin inganci fiye da MC saboda yawan ruwan da ke cikinsa da kuma yawan toka.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
CMC wani ionic cellulose ether ne da aka shirya ta hanyar jerin hanyoyin magancewa bayan an yi wa zare na halitta (kamar auduga) magani da alkali kuma an yi amfani da chloroacetic acid a matsayin maganin etherifying. Matsakaicin maye gurbin gabaɗaya yana tsakanin 0.4 da 1.4, kuma aikinsa yana da matuƙar tasiri ta hanyar matakin maye gurbin.
CMC yana da tasirin daidaita kauri da emulsification, kuma ana iya amfani da shi a cikin abubuwan sha masu ɗauke da mai da furotin don taka rawar daidaita emulsification.
CMC yana da tasirin riƙe ruwa. A cikin kayayyakin nama, burodi, burodin da aka dafa da sauran abinci, yana iya taka rawa wajen inganta nama, kuma yana iya sa ruwa ya zama mai sauƙin canzawa, ƙara yawan amfanin samfur, da ƙara ɗanɗano.
CMC yana da tasirin gelling kuma ana iya amfani da shi don yin jelly da jam.
CMC na iya samar da fim a saman abinci, wanda ke da wani tasiri na kariya ga 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu.
Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cellulose kowannensu yana da nasa halaye na musamman da yankunan aikace-aikacensa. Ya kamata a tantance zaɓin samfuran da suka dace bisa ga takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacen da yanayin muhalli.
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-29-2024