Cellulose ether bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị dị mkpa e ji emepụta polima, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'iwu ụlọ, ọgwụ, nri na ngalaba ndị ọzọ. N'ime ha, HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), MC (methylcellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose) na CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) bụ ihe anọ ether cellulose a na-ahụkarị.
Methyl cellulose (MC):
A na-agbaze MC n'ime mmiri oyi ma ọ na-esiri ike ịgbaze na mmiri ọkụ. Mmiri mmiri ahụ siri ike nke ukwuu n'ogo pH = 3 ~ 12, ọ na-adakọ nke ọma, a pụkwara ịgwakọta ya na ọtụtụ surfactants dị ka starch na guar gum. Mgbe okpomọkụ ruru okpomọkụ gelation, gelation na-eme.
Njide mmiri nke MC dabere na ọnụọgụ mgbakwunye ya, viscosity, ịdị mma nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya na ọnụego mgbaze ya. N'ozuzu, ọnụego nchekwa mmiri na-adị elu mgbe ọnụọgụ mgbakwunye buru ibu, obere ihe ndị dị n'ime ya dị mma ma viscosity dị elu. N'ime ha, ọnụọgụ mgbakwunye ahụ nwere mmetụta kachasị na ọnụego nchekwa mmiri, ọkwa viscosity adịghịkwa nhata na ọnụego nchekwa mmiri. Ọnụego mgbaze na-adaberekarị na ogo mgbanwe elu na ịdị mma nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya.
Mgbanwe okpomọkụ ga-emetụta njide mmiri nke MC nke ukwuu. N'ozuzu, ka okpomọkụ dị elu, otú ahụ ka njide mmiri si ka njọ. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ nke mortar karịrị 40°C, njide mmiri nke MC ga-ebelata nke ukwuu, nke na-emetụta arụmọrụ owuwu nke mortar ahụ nke ukwuu.
MC nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ọrụ owuwu na njikọta nke ngwa agha ahụ. N'ebe a, "njikọta" na-ezo aka na njikọta dị n'etiti ngwaọrụ owuwu onye ọrụ na ihe mkpuchi mgbidi, ya bụ, iguzogide nkedo nke ngwa agha ahụ. Ka njikọta ahụ na-abawanye, otú ahụ ka iguzogide nkedo nke ngwa agha ahụ na-abawanye, otú ahụ ka ike onye ọrụ chọrọ n'oge ojiji ya na-abawanye, na arụmọrụ adịghị mma nke ngwa agha ahụ. Njikọ nke MC dị n'ọkwa dị n'etiti ngwaahịa cellulose ether.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
HPMC na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, mana ọ nwere ike isiri ike ịgbaze na mmiri ọkụ. Agbanyeghị, okpomọkụ ya na-agbaze na mmiri ọkụ dị elu karịa nke MC, ike ya na-agbazekwa na mmiri oyi dịkwa mma karịa nke MC.
Ọbara ike nke HPMC na-ejikọta ya na oke molekul, oke ike nke HPMC na-adịkwa elu mgbe oke molekul buru ibu. Okpomọkụ na-emetụtakwa oke ike ya, oke ike ya na-ebelata ka okpomọkụ na-abawanye, mana okpomọkụ nke oke ike ya na-ebelata dị ala karịa nke MC. Mmiri ya na-adịgide adịgide n'okpomọkụ ụlọ.
Mmiri HPMC na-ejide dabere na ọnụọgụ mgbakwunye na viscosity, wdg. Ọnụego nchekwa mmiri n'otu ego mgbakwunye ahụ dị elu karịa nke MC.
HPMC anaghị eguzogide asịd na alkalis, mmiri mmiri ya na-adịkwa mma nke ukwuu na oke pH nke 2~12. Caustic soda na mmiri lime anaghị enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ ya, mana alkali nwere ike ime ka ọsọ mgbaze ya dịkwuo ngwa ngwa ma mee ka viscosity dịkwuo elu. HPMC na-adịgide adịgide nye nnu nkịtị, mana mgbe njupụta nke nnu dị elu, viscosity nke ngwọta HPMC na-abawanye.
Enwere ike ịgwakọta HPMC na ngwakọta polima mmiri na-agbaze iji mepụta ngwọta viscosity dị otu, dị ka alcohol polyvinyl, starch ether, chịngọm akwụkwọ nri, wdg.
HPMC nwere ike iguzogide enzyme karịa MC, ihe ngwọta ya adịghịkwa emetụta mmebi enzymatic karịa MC. HPMC nwere ike ijikọ na moto karịa MC.
Haịdroxyethyl cellulose (HEC):
A na-agbaze HEC na mmiri oyi ma ọ na-esi ike ịgbaze na mmiri ọkụ. Ngwọta ahụ na-adịgide adịgide na okpomọkụ dị elu ma enweghị ihe onwunwe gel. Enwere ike iji ya na moto ruo ogologo oge na okpomọkụ dị elu, mana njide mmiri ya dị ala karịa MC.
HEC kwụsiri ike na asịd na alkalis n'ozuzu, alkali nwere ike ime ka mgbasa ya dịkwuo ngwa ngwa ma mụbaa viscosity ntakịrị, mgbasa ya na mmiri adịghịkwa mma karịa MC na HPMC.
HEC nwere ezigbo arụmọrụ nkwụsịtụ maka ngwa agha, mana simenti nwere oge nkwụsịtụ ogologo oge.
HEC nke ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime obodo na-emepụta nwere obere arụmọrụ karịa MC n'ihi oke mmiri na ntụ ya.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC):
CMC bụ ionic cellulose ether nke a na-eji usoro ọgwụgwọ mmeghachi omume eme mgbe ejiri alkali gwọọ eriri eke (dị ka owu) ma jiri chloroacetic acid mee ihe dị ka ihe na-eme ka ikuku dị ọkụ. Ogo nnọchi anya na-adịkarị n'etiti 0.4 na 1.4, ọkwa nnọchi anya na-emetụtakwa arụmọrụ ya nke ukwuu.
CMC nwere mmetụta ime ka ihe sie ike ma mee ka ihe sie ike, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe n'ihe ọṅụṅụ nwere mmanụ na protein iji rụọ ọrụ ime ka ihe dị ike.
CMC nwere mmetụta nchekwa mmiri. N'ihe gbasara anụ, achịcha, achịcha e ji esi nri na nri ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ na mmezi anụ ahụ, ma nwee ike ime ka mmiri ghara ịdị na-agbanwe agbanwe, mee ka mmepụta ngwaahịa dịkwuo elu, ma mee ka ụtọ dịkwuo elu.
CMC nwere mmetụta gelling ma enwere ike iji ya mee jelii na jam.
CMC nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri n'elu nri, nke nwere mmetụta nchebe ụfọdụ na mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri ma na-agbatị ndụ nchekwa nke mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri.
Ether cellulose ndị a nwere ihe onwunwe na ebe a na-etinye ha. A ghaghị ikpebi nhọrọ nke ngwaahịa kwesịrị ekwesị dịka ihe achọrọ maka itinye ha na ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi si dị.
Oge ozi: Ọktoba-29-2024