1 Intangiriro
Kuva aho hatangiriye irangi rikoresha imbaraga nke, sodium alginate (SA) ni yo yabaye ifu y'ingenzi yo gucapa irangi rikoresha imbaraga nke ku myenda y'ipamba.
Gukoresha ubwoko butatu bwaeteri za seluloseCMC, HEC na HECMC byateguwe mu Gice cya 3 nk'umusemburo w'umwimerere, byakoreshejwe mu gucapa irangi ry'umwimerere.
indabyo. Imiterere y'ibanze n'imiterere yo gucapa bya paste eshatu byarageragejwe bigereranywa na SA, kandi fibre eshatu zarageragejwe.
Imiterere ya vitamine ethers mu gucapa.
Igice cya 2 cy'igerageza
Ibikoresho byo gupima n'imiti
Ibikoresho n'imiti byakoreshejwe mu igerageza. Muri byo, imyenda ikoreshwa mu gucapa irangi irimo gushushanya no gutunganya ingano, n'ibindi.
Urukurikirane rw'ubudodo bw'ipamba bukozwe mbere, ubucucike bwa 60/10cm×50/10cm, ubudodo bukozwe 21tex×21tex.
Gutegura irangi ryo gucapa n'irangi ry'amabara
Gutegura ifu yo gucapa
Ku birungo bine by'umwimerere bya SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC, hakurikijwe igipimo cy'ibirungo bikomeye bitandukanye, mu gihe cyo kuvanga
Hanyuma, shyiramo buhoro buhoro ifu mu mazi, komeza uvange igihe runaka, kugeza igihe ifu ya mbere ibaye imwe kandi ibonerana, hagarika kuvanga, hanyuma uyishyire ku ziko
Mu kirahure, reka bihagarare ijoro ryose.
Gutegura ifu yo gucapa
Banza ushongeshe urea n'umunyu urwanya irangi S n'amazi make, hanyuma ushyiremo amarangi avanze n'amazi, ushyushye hanyuma uvange mu mazi ashyushye.
Nyuma yo kuvanga igihe runaka, shyiramo irangi ryayunguruwe ku ifu y'umwimerere hanyuma uvange neza. Shyiramo ushonge kugeza utangiye gucapa
Bikarubonate nziza ya sodiyumu. Ibara rya paste ni: irangi rikora neza 3%, paste y'umwimerere 80% (ibikubiye mu gipimo gikomeye 3%), bikarubonate ya sodiyumu 3%,
Umunyu urwanya kwandura S ni 2%, urea ni 5%, amaherezo amazi yongerwamo 100%.
inzira yo gucapa
Uburyo bwo gucapa irangi rikoreshwa mu mwenda w'ipamba: gutegura irangi ryo gucapa → gucapa icyuma gikoresha magnetique (ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba n'umuvuduko, gucapa inshuro 3) → kumisha (105℃, iminota 10) → gukaraba mu mazi akonje → Gukaraba n'amazi ashyushye (80℃) → kubira isabune (uduce tw'isabune 3g/L,
100℃, iminota 10) → Gukaraba mu mazi ashyushye (80℃) → Gukaraba mu mazi akonje → Kumisha (60℃).
Isuzuma ry'imikorere y'ibanze ya paste y'umwimerere
Ikizamini cy'igipimo cyo gupakira
Hateguwe utubuto tune tw’umwimerere twa SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC dufite ibikubiyemo byinshi bitandukanye, maze Brookfield DV-Ⅱ
Uburemere bwa buri paste ifite ibiyiko bikomeye bitandukanye bwapimwe hakoreshejwe viscometer, kandi ihinduka ry'uburemere hamwe n'ubwinshi bwayo ryari igipimo cyo gukora paste.
umurongo.
Igipimo cy'ubukana bw'imitsi n'amashusho (Rheology and Printing Viscosity Index)
Rheology: Rheometer ya MCR301 izenguruka yakoreshejwe mu gupima ubunini bw'umunyu (η) bw'umunyu w'umwimerere ku gipimo gitandukanye cyo gukata.
Impinduka mu gipimo cyo gukata ni rheological curve.
Igipimo cy'ubukana bw'icapiro: Igipimo cy'ubukana bw'icapiro kigaragazwa na PVI, PVI = η60/η6, aho η60 na η6 bikurikirana
Uburemere bw'umusemburo w'umwimerere bwapimwe na viscometer ya Brookfield DV-II ku muvuduko umwe wa rotor wa 60r/min na 6r/min.
ikizamini cyo kubika amazi
Pima garama 25 z'umugati w'umwimerere mu gikombe cya mililitiro 80, hanyuma wongeremo gahoro gahoro mililitiro 25 z'amazi yaciwe mu gihe uvanga kugira ngo ukore uruvange.
Bivanze neza. Fata urupapuro rw'urufunguzo rufite uburebure × ubugari bwa 10cm × 1cm, hanyuma ushyireho umurongo w'urukiramende ku mpera imwe y'urupapuro rw'urukiramende, hanyuma ushyiremo impera yashyizweho ikimenyetso mu rukiramende, kugira ngo umurongo w'urukiramende uhuze n'ubuso bw'urukiramende, kandi igihe gitangizwe nyuma y'uko urupapuro rw'urukiramende rushyizwemo, kandi rukandikwa ku rupapuro rw'urukiramende nyuma y'iminota 30.
Uburebure buzamukaho ubushuhe.
4 Ikizamini cyo guhuza imiti n'ibinyabutabire
Kugira ngo ukoreshe irangi rikoreshwa mu gucapa, gerageza niba irangi ry’umwimerere rihuye n’irindi rirangi ryongewe muri irangi ricapa,
Ni ukuvuga ko uburyo ifu y’umwimerere ihura n’ibice bitatu (urea, sodium bicarbonate n’umunyu urwanya ibara S), intambwe z’igerageza zihariye ni izi zikurikira:
(1) Kugira ngo upime ubukana bw’umusemburo w’umwimerere, ongeramo 25ml z’amazi yaciwe muri garama 50 z’umusemburo w’umwimerere, uvange neza, hanyuma upime ubukana bw’umusemburo.
Agaciro k'ubushyuhe kabonetse gakoreshwa nk'ubushyuhe bw'ibanze.
(2) Kugira ngo upime ubukana bw'umusemburo w'umwimerere nyuma yo kongeramo ibintu bitandukanye (urea, sodium bicarbonate n'umunyu urwanya ibara S), shyiramo 15% byateguwe.
Umuti wa Urea (igice kinini), umuti wa 3% urwanya ibara ry'umunyu wa S (igice kinini) na 6% umuti wa sodium bicarbonate (igice kinini)
Mililitiro 25 zongewe kuri garama 50 z'umusemburo w'umwimerere, zivanze neza zigashyirwa mu gihe runaka, hanyuma zigapimwa ubukana bw'umusemburo w'umwimerere. Amaherezo, ubukana buzapimwa
Agaciro k'ubushyuhe kagereranyijwe n'ubushyuhe bujyanye nabwo, kandi ijanisha ry'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bwa paste y'umwimerere mbere na nyuma yo kongeramo buri rangi n'ibikoresho bya shimi ryarabazwe.
Ikizamini cy'uko ububiko buhagaze
Bika ifu y'umwimerere ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba (25°C) munsi y'umuvuduko usanzwe mu gihe cy'iminsi itandatu, upime ubukana bw'ifu y'umwimerere buri munsi mu bihe bimwe, hanyuma ubare ubukana bw'ifu y'umwimerere nyuma y'iminsi 6 ugereranije n'ubukana bwapimwe ku munsi wa mbere ukoresheje formula ya 4-(1). Ubunini bw'ubukana bwa buri ifu y'umwimerere bupimwa hakurikijwe ubukana bw'ubukana nk'igipimo cy'ubukana
Uko ububiko buhagaze neza, uko ikwirakwira rito, niko ububiko bw'umwimerere burushaho kuba bwiza.
Ikizamini cy'ibiciro byo kunyerera
Banza wumishe umwenda w'ipamba kugira ngo ucapwe ku buremere buhoraho, upime hanyuma wandike nka mA; hanyuma wumishe umwenda w'ipamba nyuma yo kuwucapa ku buremere buhoraho, upime hanyuma wandike
ni mB; amaherezo, umwenda w'ipamba wacapwe nyuma yo kuwuteka mu mwuka ushyushye, kuwusiga isabune no kuwumesa wumisha kugeza ku buremere buhoraho, ugapimwa kandi ukandikwa nka mC
Ikizamini cy'intoki
Ubwa mbere, imyenda y'ipamba mbere na nyuma yo gucapa irapimwa uko bikenewe, hanyuma igikoresho cy'imyenda cya phabrometer kigakoreshwa mu gupima ubushobozi bw'imyenda.
Uburyo umwenda wakozwe mbere na nyuma yo gucapa byasuzumwe neza hagereranyijwe imiterere itatu y’uburyo ukuboko gukozwemo ari bwo koroha, gukomera no koroha.
Isuzuma ry'uko imyenda icapishijwe yihuta cyane
(1) Ikizamini cyo kwihuta kw'ibara kugeza ku gusigwa
Isuzuma hakurikijwe GB/T 3920-2008 “Isuzuma ry’ibara ryihuse kugeza ku gusiga ibara ryihuse ku myenda”.
(2) Isuzuma ry'uko ibara ryihuse cyangwa ritagenda neza kugeza ku gukaraba
Ikizamini gikurikije GB/T 3921.3-2008 “Ikizamini cyo kwihuta kw'amabara uhereye ku gusiga irangi ry'imyenda”.
Ibikubiye mu ifu y'umwimerere/%
CMC
HEC
HEMCC
SA
Impinduka z'ubukana bw'ubwoko bune bw'ibirungo by'umwimerere bifite ibirungo bikomeye
ni sodium alginate (SA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) na
Imiterere y'ubushyuhe bw'ubwoko bune bw'udupira tw'umwimerere twa hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HECMC) nk'uko bigaragazwa n'ibikubiye mu buryo bukomeye.
, ubushyuhe bw'ibice bine by'umwimerere bwiyongereye uko ibikubiye mu bice bikomeye byiyongera, ariko imiterere y'ibice bine by'umwimerere ikora ibice ntabwo yari imwe, muri byo harimo SA
Imiterere ya CMC na HECMC yo gupakira ni yo myiza kurusha izindi, naho imiterere ya HEC yo gupakira ni yo mibi kurusha izindi.
Imiterere y'imikorere ya rheological y'udupira tune tw'umwimerere yapimwe hakoreshejwe rheometer ya MCR301.
- Umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe nk'uko umuvuduko wo gukata uhagaze. Ubushyuhe bw'ibice bine by'umwimerere byose byariyongereye uko umuvuduko wo gukata uhagaze uhagaze.
kwiyongera no kugabanuka, SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC byose ni amazi ya pseudoplastic. Imbonerahamwe 4.3 Agaciro ka PVI k'amavuta atandukanye ya pastes
Ubwoko bw'umugati usanzwe SA CMC HEC HECMC
Agaciro ka PVI 0.813 0.526 0.621 0.726
Bigaragara muri Imbonerahamwe ya 4.3 ko igipimo cy'ubukana bw'icapiro cya SA na HECMC ari kinini kandi ubukana bw'imiterere y'icyuma ni buto, ni ukuvuga ko ifu y'umwimerere icapiro
Kubera imbaraga nke zo gukata, igipimo cy'impinduka mu buryo bwa viscosity ni gito, kandi biragoye kuzuza ibisabwa mu gucapa ecran rotary na flat screen; mu gihe HEC na CMC
Igipimo cy'ubukana bw'imashini icapa cya CMC ni 0.526 gusa, kandi ubukana bw'imiterere yayo ni bunini ugereranije, ni ukuvuga ko imashini icapa ya mbere ifite imbaraga nke zo gukata.
Mu gihe cy’ibikorwa, igipimo cy’impinduka mu buryo bwa viscosity kiri hagati, gishobora kuzuza neza ibisabwa mu gucapa ecran rotary na flat screen, kandi gishobora kuba cyiza mu gucapa ecran rotary ifite umubare munini w’amapine.
Byoroshye kubona imiterere n'imirongo isobanutse neza. Ubuso/mPa·s
Imiterere y'imitsi y'amaraso y'ibinure bine bya 1% by'ibinure bidakoreshejwe
Ubwoko bw'umugati usanzwe SA CMC HEC HECMC
isaha/cm 0.33 0.36 0.41 0.39
Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byo gufata amazi bya 1%SA, 1%CMC, 1%HEC na 1%HECMC by'umwimerere.
Byagaragaye ko ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi bwa SA ari bwo bwiza kurusha ubundi bwose, hagakurikiraho CMC, naho HECMC na HEC bikaba bibi kurushaho.
Kugereranya imikoranire y'ibinyabutabire n'ibinyabutabire
Ihinduka ry'ubushyuhe bw'umwimerere bwa SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC
Ubwoko bw'umugati usanzwe SA CMC HEC HECMC
Ubushyuhe/mPa·s
Ubushyuhe nyuma yo kongeramo urea/mPa
Ubushyuhe nyuma yo kongeramo umunyu urwanya ibara S/mPa s
Ubushyuhe nyuma yo kongeramo sodium bicarbonate/mPa
Ubwinshi bune bw'ibanze bwa SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC buratandukanye bitewe n'inyongera eshatu z'ingenzi: urea, umunyu urwanya ibara S na
Impinduka mu kongeramo sodium bicarbonate zigaragara mu mbonerahamwe. , kongeramo inyongera eshatu z'ingenzi, ku ifu y'umwimerere
Igipimo cy'impinduka mu bushyuhe kiratandukanye cyane. Muri byo, kongeramo urea bishobora kongera ubushyuhe bw'ubushyuhe bw'umwimerere ku kigero cya 5%, bishobora kuba
Iterwa n'ingaruka nziza za urea kandi zigatuma ifumba; kandi umunyu urwanya ibara S na wo wongera gato ubukana bw'umusemburo w'umwimerere, ariko nta ngaruka ugira;
Kongeramo sodium bicarbonate byagabanyije cyane ubukana bw'umusemburo w'umwimerere, muri byo CMC na HEC byagabanutse cyane, ndetse n'ubukana bwa HECMC/mPa·s
66
Icya kabiri, guhuza kwa SA ni byiza kurushaho.
SA CMC HEC HECMC
-15
-10
-5
05
Urea
Umunyu urwanya ibara S
sodium bicarbonate
Guhuza ibinyabutabire bya SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC hamwe n'imiti itatu
Kugereranya uburyo ububiko buhagaze
Gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwa buri munsi bw'ibinure bitandukanye by'umwimerere
Ubwoko bw'umugati usanzwe SA CMC HEC HECMC
Gutatana/% 8.68 8.15 8. 98 8.83
ni urugero rw'ikwirakwizwa rya SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC hakurikijwe ubukana bwa buri munsi bw'ibice bine by'umwimerere, ikwirakwizwa
Uko agaciro k'ingano kaba gato, niko uburyo ifu y'umwimerere ikomeza kubika neza. Bigaragara ku mbonerahamwe ko uburyo ifu y'umwimerere ya CMC ikomeza kubika neza ari bwiza cyane.
Uburyo HEC na HECMC bibikwamo buhagaze neza ni bike cyane, ariko itandukaniro si rinini.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 29 Nzeri 2022