I-viscosity ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose nayo yahlulwe yaba ziiklasi ezininzi ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. I-viscosity yohlobo lokuhlamba yi-10~70 (ngaphantsi kwe-100), umda ophezulu we-viscosity usuka kwi-200~1200 yokuhombisa izakhiwo kunye neminye imboni, kwaye i-viscosity yodidi lokutya iphezulu nangakumbi. Zonke zingaphezulu kwe-1000, kwaye i-viscosity yemizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo ayifani.
Ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwayo.
I-viscosity ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ichaphazeleka bubunzima bayo beemolekyuli, uxinaniso, ubushushu kunye nexabiso le-pH, kwaye ixutywe ne-ethyl okanye i-carboxypropyl cellulose, i-gelatin, i-xanthan gum, i-carrageenan, i-locust bean gum, i-guar gum, i-agar, i-sodium alginate, i-pectin, i-gum arabic kunye ne-starch kwaye izinto eziphuma kuyo zihambelana kakuhle (oko kukuthi isiphumo se-synergistic).
Xa ixabiso le-pH liyi-7, i-viscosity yesisombululo se-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iphezulu, kwaye xa ixabiso le-pH liyi-4 ~ 11, izinzile. I-Carboxymethylcellulose ngendlela ye-alkali metal kunye ne-ammonium salts iyanyibilika emanzini. Ii-ion ze-divalent metal Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ zinokuchaphazela i-viscosity yayo. Iintsimbi ezinzima ezifana nesilivere, i-barium, i-chromium okanye i-Fe3+ zinokuyenza iphume kwisisombululo. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwee-ion lulawulwa, njengokongeza i-citric acid ye-chelating agent, isisombululo esiqinileyo sinokwenziwa, okubangela i-gum ethambileyo okanye eqinileyo.
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose luhlobo lwe-cellulose yendalo, edla ngokwenziwa nge-cotton linter okanye i-wood pulp njengezinto eziluhlaza kwaye ifakwa kwi-etherification reaction kunye ne-monochloroacetic acid phantsi kweemeko ze-alkaline.
Ngokweenkcazo zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-hydroxyl hydrogen kwiyunithi ye-cellulose D-glucose liqela le-carboxymethyl, kufunyanwa ii-polymer compounds ezinyibilikayo emanzini ezinee-degrees ezahlukeneyo zokutshintshwa kunye nokusasazwa kobunzima beemolekyuli ezahlukeneyo.
Ngenxa yokuba i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ineempawu ezininzi ezikhethekileyo nezibalaseleyo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali yemihla ngemihla, ukutya kunye namayeza kunye neminye imveliso yemizi-mveliso.
Esinye sezona zibonakaliso zibalulekileyo ze-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kukuxinana kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Ixabiso le-viscosity linxulumene nezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nesantya sokucheba. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu kunye nesantya sokucheba zizinto zangaphandle ezichaphazela ukuxinana kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Ubunzima bayo beemolekyuli kunye nokusasazwa kweemolekyuli zizinto zangaphakathi ezichaphazela i-viscosity yesisombululo se-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Ukuze kulawulwe imveliso kunye nophuhliso lokusebenza kwemveliso ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, uphando malunga nobunzima bayo beemolekyuli kunye nokusasazwa kobunzima beemolekyuli lunexabiso elibaluleke kakhulu lesalathiso, ngelixa i-viscosity Umlinganiselo unokudlala indima ethile yesalathiso kuphela.
Imithetho kaNewton kwi-rheology, nceda ufunde umxholo ofanelekileyo we-"rheology" kwi-physical chemistry, kunzima ukuyichaza ngesivakalisi esinye okanye ezibini. Ukuba kufuneka uyitsho: kwisisombululo esinyibilikisiweyo se-cmc kufutshane nolwelo lweNewtonian, uxinzelelo lwe-shear luhambelana nesantya somphetho omfutshane, kwaye i-proportional coefficient phakathi kwazo ibizwa ngokuba yi-viscosity coefficient okanye i-kinematic viscosity.
Ukuqina kwe-viscosity kuvela kumandla aphakathi kwee-cellulose molecular chains, kuquka amandla okusasazwa kunye nee-hydrogen bonds. Ngokukodwa, i-polymerization ye-cellulose derivatives ayilolwakhiwo olucwangcisiweyo kodwa lulwakhiwo olunamasebe amaninzi. Kwisisombululo, uninzi lwe-cellulose enamasebe amaninzi idibene ukwenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi yendawo. Okukhona isakhiwo siqinile, kokukhona amandla aphakathi kwee-molecular chains kwisisombululo esiphumayo aba makhulu.
Ukuze kuveliswe ukuhamba kwe-fluid solution ye-cellulose derivatives, kufuneka koyiswe amandla phakathi kwee-molecular chains, ngoko ke isisombululo esine-polymerization ephezulu sidinga amandla amakhulu ukuze kuveliswe ukuhamba kwe-fluid. Ukuze kulinganiswe i-viscosity, amandla kwisisombululo se-CMC yi-gravity. Phantsi kwemeko ye-continuous gravity, isakhiwo se-chain sesisombululo se-CMC esine-polymerization enkulu sinamandla amakhulu, kwaye ukuhamba kwe-fluid kuhamba kancinci. Ukuhamba kancinci kubonisa i-viscosity.
Ubunzima be-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose bunxulumene kakhulu nobunzima be-molecular, kwaye abunanto yakwenza nenqanaba lokutshintshwa. Okukhona inqanaba lokutshintshwa liphezulu, kokukhona ubunzima be-molecular bukhulu, kuba ubunzima be-molecular beqela le-carboxymethyl elitshintshiweyo bukhulu kuneqela le-hydroxyl langaphambili.
Ityuwa yesodiyam ye-cellulose carboxymethyl ether, i-anionic cellulose ether, yipowder emhlophe okanye emhlophe ene-fibrous okanye i-granule, enobunzima obuyi-0.5-0.7 g/cm3, phantse ayinavumba, ayinancasa, kwaye i-hygroscopic. Kulula ukuyisasaza emanzini ukuze yenze isisombululo se-colloidal esicacileyo, kwaye ayinyibiliki kwizinyibilikisi ze-organic ezifana ne-ethanol. I-pH yesisombululo samanzi esiyi-1% yi-6.5 ukuya kwi-8.5. Xa i-pH ingaphezulu kwe-10 okanye ngaphantsi kwe-5, i-viscosity ye-sodium carboxymethylcellulose iyancipha kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kungcono xa i-pH = 7.
Izinzile ngokobushushu. I-viscosity inyuka ngokukhawuleza ngaphantsi kwama-20℃, kwaye itshintsha kancinci kuma-45℃. Ukufudumala ixesha elide ngaphezu kwama-80℃ kunokunciphisa i-colloid kwaye kunciphise i-viscosity kunye nokusebenza kwayo kakhulu. Inyibilika lula emanzini, kwaye isisombululo sicacile; sizinzile kakhulu kwisisombululo se-alkaline, kwaye kulula ukuyinyibilikisa xa kukho i-asidi. Xa ixabiso le-pH liyi-2-3, liya kuncipha.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-07-2022