Ua māhele ʻia hoʻi ka mānoanoa o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose i nā papa he nui e like me nā hoʻohana like ʻole. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ke ʻano holoi he 10 ~ 70 (ma lalo o 100), ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka mānoanoa mai 200 ~ 1200 no ka hoʻonaninani hale a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mānoanoa o ka papa meaʻai. ʻOi aku lākou a pau ma mua o 1000, a ʻaʻole like ka mānoanoa o nā ʻoihana like ʻole.
Ma muli o kona ākea o nā hoʻohana.
Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka viscosity o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose e kona nui molekala pili, ka noʻonoʻo, ka mahana a me ka waiwai pH, a ua hui pū ʻia me ka ethyl a i ʻole carboxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, xanthan gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum, guar gum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, gum arabic a me ka starch a me kāna mau derivatives he kūpono maikaʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi ka hopena synergistic).
Ke 7 ka waiwai pH, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka mānoanoa o ka hopena sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a ke 4 ~ 11 ka waiwai pH, ua paʻa loa ia. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Carboxymethylcellulose ma ke ʻano o ka metala alkali a me nā paʻakai ammonium i ka wai. Hiki i nā ion metala divalent Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ ke hoʻopilikia i kona mānoanoa. Hiki i nā metala kaumaha e like me ke kālā, barium, chromium a i ʻole Fe3+ ke hoʻokahe iā ia mai loko mai o ka hopena. Inā hoʻomalu ʻia ka nui o nā ion, e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea chelating acid citric, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa, e hopena ana i kahi gum palupalu a paʻakikī paha.
ʻO ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kahi ʻano cellulose kūlohelohe, i hana ʻia me ka linter pulupulu a i ʻole ka pulp lāʻau e like me nā mea maka a ua hoʻopili ʻia i ka hopena etherification me ka monochloroacetic acid ma lalo o nā kūlana alkaline.
Wahi a nā kikoʻī o nā mea maka a me ke pani ʻana o ka hydrogen hydroxyl i loko o ka ʻāpana cellulose D-glucose e ka hui carboxymethyl, loaʻa nā hui polymer wai-soluble me nā kekelē like ʻole o ka pani ʻana a me nā hoʻokaʻawale kaumaha molekala like ʻole.
No ka mea he nui nā ʻano kūikawā a maikaʻi loa o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana kemika o kēlā me kēia lā, ka meaʻai a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ʻo ia ka viscosity o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Pili ka waiwai o ka viscosity i nā kumu like ʻole e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ka mahana a me ka wikiwiki o ka shear. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā mea e like me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ka mahana a me ka wikiwiki o ka shear nā kumu o waho e hoʻopilikia ai i ka viscosity o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
ʻO kona kaumaha molekala a me ka hoʻolaha molekala nā mea kūloko e hoʻopilikia ai i ka viscosity o ka hopena sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. No ka kaohi hana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana huahana o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana i kona kaumaha molekala a me ka hoʻolaha kaumaha molekala he waiwai kuhikuhi koʻikoʻi loa ia, ʻoiai hiki i ke ana ʻana ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana kuhikuhi.
Nā kānāwai o Newton ma ka rheology, e ʻoluʻolu e heluhelu i ka ʻike pili o ka "rheology" i ka kemika kino, he paʻakikī ke wehewehe i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau ʻōlelo. Inā pono ʻoe e ʻōlelo: no kahi hopena dilute o cmc kokoke i kahi wai Newtonian, ua like ke koʻikoʻi shear me ka wikiwiki ʻokiʻoki, a ʻo ka coefficient proportional ma waena o lākou ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka coefficient viscosity a i ʻole ka viscosity kinematic.
Loaʻa ka viscosity mai nā mana ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala cellulose, me nā mana hoʻopuehu a me nā pilina hydrogen. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, ʻo ka polymerization o nā derivatives cellulose ʻaʻole ia he ʻano linear akā he ʻano multi-branched. I loko o ka hopena, ua ulana ʻia nā cellulose multi-branched he nui e hana i kahi ʻano pūnaewele spatial. ʻO ka paʻa o ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mana ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala i loko o ka hopena hopena.
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kahe ʻana i loko o kahi hopena dilute o nā derivatives cellulose, pono e lanakila ʻia ka ikaika ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala, no laila ʻo kahi hopena me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization e pono ai ka ikaika nui aʻe e hoʻoulu ai i ke kahe. No ke ana ʻana o ka viscosity, ʻo ka ikaika ma ka hopena CMC ka umekaumaha. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka umekaumaha mau, ʻo ke ʻano kaulahao o ka hopena CMC me ke kiʻekiʻe nui o ka polymerization he ikaika nui, a lohi ke kahe. Hōʻike ka kahe lohi i ka viscosity.
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose e pili nui ana i ke kaumaha molekala, a ʻaʻohe ona pili iki me ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana, ʻo ka nui o ke kaumaha molekala, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha molekala o ka hui carboxymethyl i pani ʻia ma mua o ka hui hydroxyl ma mua.
ʻO ka paʻakai sodium o ka cellulose carboxymethyl ether, he anionic cellulose ether, he pauka fibrous keʻokeʻo a waiū paha a i ʻole granule, me ka nui o 0.5-0.7 g/cm3, aneane ʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole, a hygroscopic. He maʻalahi ke hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o ka wai e hana i kahi hopena colloidal moakaka, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka ethanol. ʻO ka pH o ka 1% aqueous solution he 6.5 a 8.5. Ke pH>10 a i ʻole <5, ua emi nui ka viscosity o ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ke pH = 7.
He paʻa kona wela. Piʻi koke ka mānoanoa ma lalo o 20 ℃, a loli mālie ma 45 ℃. ʻO ka hoʻomehana lōʻihi ma luna o 80 ℃ hiki ke hoʻololi i ke colloid a hōʻemi nui i ka mānoanoa a me ka hana. He maʻalahi ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a he moakāka ka hopena; he paʻa loa ia i ka hopena alkaline, a he maʻalahi ke hydrolyze i ke alo o ka waikawa. Ke 2-3 ka waiwai pH, e precipitate ia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-07-2022