Kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kumagawidwanso m'magulu osiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Kukhuthala kwa mtundu wotsuka ndi 10 ~ 70 (pansi pa 100), malire apamwamba a kukhuthala ndi kuyambira 200 ~ 1200 pa zokongoletsera nyumba ndi mafakitale ena, ndipo kukhuthala kwa mtundu wa chakudya ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Onse ali pamwamba pa 1000, ndipo kukhuthala kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana sikofanana.
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito zake.
Kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo ake, kuchuluka kwake, kutentha kwake ndi pH yake, ndipo imasakanizidwa ndi ethyl kapena carboxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, xanthan gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum, guar gum, agar, sodium alginate, pectin, gum arabic ndi starch ndipo zotumphukira zake zimakhala ndi mgwirizano wabwino (monga synergistic effect).
Pamene pH ili 7, kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, ndipo pamene pH ili 4 ~ 11, imakhala yokhazikika. Carboxymethylcellulose mu mawonekedwe a alkali metal ndi ammonium salts imasungunuka m'madzi. Ma divalent metal ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ amatha kukhudza kukhuthala kwake. Zitsulo zolemera monga siliva, barium, chromium kapena Fe3+ zimatha kuzipangitsa kuti zituluke mu solution. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma ion kulamulidwa, monga kuwonjezera kwa chelating agent citric acid, solution yokhuthala kwambiri ikhoza kupangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chingamu chofewa kapena cholimba chikhale chofewa.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi mtundu wa cellulose yachilengedwe, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi thonje kapena matabwa ngati zopangira ndipo imayatsidwa ndi monochloroacetic acid pansi pa mikhalidwe ya alkaline.
Malinga ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pa zipangizo zopangira ndi momwe hydroxyl hydrogen imasinthidwira mu cellulose D-glucose unit ndi gulu la carboxymethyl, ma polymer osungunuka m'madzi okhala ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana osinthitsa komanso magawidwe osiyanasiyana a kulemera kwa mamolekyu amapezeka.
Popeza sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ili ndi makhalidwe ambiri apadera komanso abwino, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, chakudya, mankhwala ndi mafakitale ena.
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kumakhudzana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga kuchuluka, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kudulidwa. Komabe, zinthu monga kuchuluka, kutentha ndi kuchuluka kwa kudulidwa ndi zinthu zakunja zomwe zimakhudza kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Kulemera kwake kwa mamolekyulu ndi kufalikira kwa mamolekyulu ndi zinthu zamkati zomwe zimakhudza kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution. Pakuwongolera kupanga ndi chitukuko cha ntchito ya sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, kufufuza kulemera kwake kwa mamolekyulu ndi kufalikira kwa mamolekyulu kuli ndi phindu lofunika kwambiri, pomwe kukhuthala kwa muyeso kumatha kusewera gawo linalake lofunikira.
Malamulo a Newton mu rheology, chonde werengani zomwe zili mu "rheology" mu physical chemistry, n'zovuta kufotokoza m'chiganizo chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Ngati muyenera kunena izi: pa yankho lochepetsedwa la cmc pafupi ndi madzi a Newtonian, kupsinjika kwa shear kumayenderana ndi liwiro lapamwamba, ndipo coefficient pakati pawo imatchedwa coefficient ya viscosity kapena kinematic viscosity.
Kukhuthala kumachokera ku mphamvu zomwe zili pakati pa unyolo wa maselo a cellulose, kuphatikizapo mphamvu zofalikira ndi ma hydrogen bond. Makamaka, polymerization ya zinthu zochokera ku cellulose si kapangidwe ka mzere koma kapangidwe ka nthambi zambiri. Mu yankho, cellulose yambiri yokhala ndi nthambi zambiri imalumikizana kuti ipange kapangidwe ka netiweki ya malo. Kapangidwe kake kakakhala kolimba, mphamvu zomwe zili pakati pa unyolo wa maselo mu yankho lomwe limatuluka zimakhala zazikulu.
Kuti apange kuyenda mu yankho lochepetsedwa la zinthu zochokera ku cellulose, mphamvu pakati pa maunyolo a mamolekyu iyenera kugonjetsedwa, kotero yankho lokhala ndi polymerization yayikulu limafuna mphamvu yayikulu kuti lipange kuyenda. Poyesa kukhuthala, mphamvu pa yankho la CMC ndi mphamvu yokoka. Pansi pa mkhalidwe wa mphamvu yokoka yosasinthika, kapangidwe ka unyolo wa yankho la CMC lokhala ndi polymerization yayikulu limakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu, ndipo kuyenda kwake kumakhala kochedwa. Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kumasonyeza kukhuthala.
Kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa mamolekyulu, ndipo sikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi kuchuluka kwa kusintha. Mlingo wosinthira ukakhala waukulu, kulemera kwa mamolekyulu kumakhala kwakukulu, chifukwa kulemera kwa mamolekyulu a gulu la carboxymethyl losinthidwa ndi lalikulu kuposa gulu lakale la hydroxyl.
Mchere wa sodium wa cellulose carboxymethyl ether, anionic cellulose ether, ndi ufa woyera kapena wa mkaka woyera kapena granule, wokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa 0.5-0.7 g/cm3, wopanda fungo, wopanda kukoma, komanso wosasinthasintha. N'zosavuta kufalitsa m'madzi kuti apange yankho lowonekera la colloidal, ndipo silisungunuka mu zosungunulira zachilengedwe monga ethanol. pH ya yankho lamadzimadzi la 1% ndi 6.5 mpaka 8.5. Pamene pH>10 kapena <5, kukhuthala kwa sodium carboxymethylcellulose kumachepa kwambiri, ndipo magwiridwe antchito amakhala abwino kwambiri pamene pH=7.
Ndi yokhazikika pa kutentha. Kukhuthala kumakwera mofulumira pansi pa 20℃, ndipo kumasintha pang'onopang'ono pa 45℃. Kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali kuposa 80℃ kumatha kuwononga colloid ndikuchepetsa kukhuthala ndi magwiridwe antchito kwambiri. Imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, ndipo yankho limakhala lowonekera; ndi lokhazikika kwambiri mu yankho la alkaline, ndipo ndi losavuta kusungunuka ndi madzi ngati pali asidi. pH ikakhala 2-3, imatuluka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-07-2022