CMC nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala a anionic polymer omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito cellulose yachilengedwe ndi caustic alkali ndi monochloroacetic acid, yokhala ndi kulemera kwa mamolekyulu a 6400 (± 1 000). Zopangidwa zazikulu ndi sodium chloride ndi sodium glycolate. CMC ndi ya kusintha kwa maselo achilengedwe. Yatchedwa "cellulose yosinthidwa" ndi Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) ndi World Health Organization (WHO).
khalidwe
Zizindikiro zazikulu zoyezera ubwino wa CMC ndi mlingo wa kusintha (DS) ndi chiyero. Kawirikawiri, makhalidwe a CMC amasiyana pamene DS ndi yosiyana; mlingo wa kusintha ukakhala wapamwamba, kusungunuka kumakhala bwino, komanso kuwonekera bwino komanso kukhazikika kwa yankho. Malinga ndi malipoti, kuwonekera bwino kwa CMC kumakhala bwino pamene mlingo wa kusintha uli 0.7-1.2, ndipo kukhuthala kwa yankho lake lamadzi ndi kwakukulu kwambiri pamene pH ndi 6-9. Pofuna kutsimikizira ubwino wake, kuwonjezera pa kusankha mankhwala oyeretsera, zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza mlingo wa kusintha ndi chiyero ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa, monga ubale wa mlingo pakati pa mankhwala a alkali ndi oyeretsera, nthawi ya etherification, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'dongosolo, kutentha, pH, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mchere.
Kusanthula kwa ubwino ndi kuipa kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
Kupanga kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sikunachitikepo. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, kukulirakulira kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zopangira kwapangitsa kupanga carboxymethyl cellulose kukhala kotchuka kwambiri. Zinthu zomwe zikugulitsidwa ndi zosakanikirana.
Kenako, momwe tingadziwire mtundu wa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, tisanthula kuchokera ku malingaliro ena akuthupi ndi a mankhwala:
Choyamba, imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kutentha kwake kwa carbonization. Kutentha kwa carbonization kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi 280-300 ° C. Ikapangidwa carbonization kutentha kumeneku kusanafike, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa amakhala ndi mavuto. (Nthawi zambiri carbonization imagwiritsa ntchito muffle furnace)
Kachiwiri, imadziwika ndi kutentha kwake kosintha mtundu. Kawirikawiri, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose imasintha mtundu ikafika kutentha kwina. Kutentha kwake ndi 190-200 °C.
Chachitatu, imatha kuzindikirika kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake. Mawonekedwe a zinthu zambiri ndi ufa woyera, ndipo kukula kwa tinthu take nthawi zambiri kumakhala maukonde 100, ndipo mwayi wodutsa ndi 98.5%.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu cellulose ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kotero pakhoza kukhala zinthu zina zoyerekeza pamsika. Chifukwa chake momwe mungadziwire ngati ndi chinthu chomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira mutha kupambana mayeso otsatirawa ozindikiritsa.
Sankhani 0.5g ya sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, yomwe siikudziwika ngati ndi yopangidwa ndi sodium carboxymethylcellulose, isungunuleni mu 50mL ya madzi ndikusakaniza, onjezerani pang'ono nthawi iliyonse, sakanizani pa 60 ~ 70 ℃, ndikutenthetsa kwa mphindi 20 kuti mupange yankho lofanana, lozizira Pambuyo pozindikira madzi, mayeso otsatirawa adachitika.
1. Onjezani madzi mu yankho loyesera kuti muchepetse kasanu, onjezerani 0.5mL ya yankho loyesera la chromotropic acid ku dontho limodzi, ndikulitenthetsa mu bafa la madzi kwa mphindi 10 kuti liwoneke lofiira ngati lofiirira.
2. Onjezani 10 mL ya acetone ku 5 mL ya yankho loyesera, gwedezani ndikusakaniza bwino kuti mupange mpweya woyera wozungulira.
3. Onjezani 1mL ya yankho la ketone sulfate ku 5mL ya yankho la mayeso, sakanizani ndikugwedeza kuti mupange mpweya wopepuka wabuluu.
4. Zotsalira zomwe zimapezeka pothira phulusa la mankhwalawa zimasonyeza momwe mchere wa sodium umagwirira ntchito, kutanthauza sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Kudzera mu masitepe awa, mutha kuzindikira ngati chinthu chomwe mwagulacho ndi sodium carboxymethyl cellulose komanso kuyera kwake, zomwe zimapereka njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha zinthu moyenera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-12-2022