Konutai Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)He muka kai wairewa-wai te muka, he tāpiri mahi hoki e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga kai. He tino pai ōna āhuatanga whakamātotoru, whakaū, whakapūmau, me te pupuri wai. Ko tōna haumaru me te whakahaere kounga e pā tika ana ki te kounga kai me te hauora o te kaihoko. Nō reira, kua whakatūhia e ngā whenua o te ao he ture me ngā paerewa tino pakari mō te CMC kounga kai.
1. Anga Whakahaere ā-Ao mō te CMC Kai-Pae
1.1. Komiti Tohunga Tahi a te FAO/WHO mō ngā Tāpiringa Kai (JECFA)
I te tau 1963, i whakarārangihia te CMC e te Komiti Tohunga Tahi mō ngā Tāpiringa Kai (JECFA) o te Whakahaere Kai me te Ahuwhenua o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua (FAO) me te Whakahaere Hauora o te Ao (WHO) ki te Rārangi o ngā Tāpiringa Kai Haumaru.
1.2. Tau INS: 466
ADI (Te Kai e Manakohia ana i ia Rā): "Kāore i te tohua" e tohu ana i te haumaru teitei i roto i te whakamahinga tika.
1.3. Kāwai Mahi: Kaiwhakamātotoru, Kaiwhakakōhua, Kaiwhakaū
Ko ngā whakaritenga kounga a JECFA mō te CMC kai-kai ko te parakore, te nui o te whakakapinga (DS 0.6-1.0), te pH (6.0-8.5), me ngā herenga konganuku taumaha (hei tauira, te mata ≤ 2 mg/kg).
1.4. Te Kōti Kai
I roto i tana Paerewa Whānui mō ngā Tāpiringa Kai (GSFA), ka tautuhia e te Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga me ngā taumata whakamahinga mōrahi o te CMC i roto i ngā momo kāwai kai rerekē. Hei tauira:
Ngā hua miraka (hei tauira, te aihikirīmi, ngā hua miraka whakapūkara): Te taumata whakamahinga mōrahi 10,000 mg/kg;
Ngā inu hua, ngā ranu, me ngā hua tunu taro: Kaua e neke atu i te 5,000 mg/kg;
Kāore i te whakaaetia te whakamahinga i roto i te miraka pēpi.
2. Te Pūnaha Whakahaere CMC Kai-Pae o Haina
Paerewa Haumaru Kai ā-Motu GB 1886.232-2016 “Tāpiri Kai – Konutai Carboxymethyl Cellulose”
Ko tēnei paerewa te pūtake mō te whakahaere kounga o te CMC kai-kai i tōku whenua. Ko ngā whakaritenga hangarau matua ko:
2.1. Āhua: Paura mā, paku kōwhai rānei;
Te Tohu Whakakapinga (DS): 0.6-0.95;
Te parakore (pūtake maroke): ≥99.5%;
Te matotoru (1% otinga): ≥400 mPa·s (i runga i te momo);
pH: 6.0-8.5;
Ngaronga i te Whakamaroke: ≤10%;
Ngā konganuku taumaha (hei Pb): ≤2 mg/kg;
Āheniki (As): ≤1 mg/kg.
2.2. Paerewa Whakamahinga: GB 2760 “Paerewa mō te Whakamahinga o ngā Tāpiringa Kai”
E whakarōpūtia ana te CMC hei whakamātotoru me te whakaū, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te tini o ngā momo kai. Ko ngā tono me ngā herenga noa koia ēnei:
Aihikirīmi, tiēre, rimurapa, ranu: Whakamahia kia tika te rahinga e ai ki ngā hiahia whakaputa;
Ngā Inu: Te whakamahinga mōrahi 0.5%;
Ngā hua miraka: Te whakamahinga mōrahi 0.3%;
Kai pēpi me te tamaiti nohinohi: Kāore e whakaaetia.
2.3. Ngā Whakaritenga Whakahaere me te Rēhita
Me whiwhi ngā kaihanga i te Raihana Whakaputa Tāpiri Kai (nama SC), ā, me rēhita hoki ā rātou hua ki te Tari Whakahaere Mākete a te Kāwanatanga. Me tutuki hoki ngā hua kaweake ki ngā paerewa o te whenua kawemai (hei tauira, EU E466, US FCC, me ētahi atu).
3. He Tirohanga Whānui mō ngā Paerewa i Ūropi, Amerika, me Ētahi Atu Rohe
3.1. Paerewa EU (E466)
E ai ki te Ture EU (EU) Nama 231/2012, ko te CMC he tāpiringa kai e tohuhia ana ko E466.
E whakaaetia ana kia whakamahia hei whakamātotoru me te whakaū.
Ko ngā whakaritenga mō te taumata o te whakakapinga, te nui o te konganuku taumaha, me ngā tohu moroiti he rite tonu ki ērā o te JECFA.
Kāore e whakaaetia kia whakamahia i roto i te miraka pēpi.
3.2. Ngā Ture a te US FDA (21 CFR 182.1745)
Kua whakarārangihia te CMC hei matū GRAS (Generally Recognised As Safe) ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te kai.
Ko tōna whakamahinga e ahu mai ana i te Tikanga Hanga Pai (GMP).
Ka whakamahia nuitia i roto i te aihikirīmi, i ngā ranu huamata, i ngā tiēre, i ngā kai tunua, me ētahi atu.
E hiahia ana te FDA ki ngā rauemi mata haumaru me ngā tukanga ka taea te whai.
3.3. Ngā Paerewa Hapanihi me Kōrea
Ko ngā paerewa o ēnei whenua e rua e whai ana i te "Paerewa Tāpiri Kai" me te "Paerewa Tāpiri Kai". Me tutuki i te CMC ngā paerewa parakore me ngā herenga moroiti, ā, he rite te whānuitanga o tōna whakamahinga ki tērā o te EU.
4. Ngā Kaupapa Matua i roto i te Whakamātautau me te Whakahaere Kounga
Ko te whakamātautau mō te CMC kai-kai ko ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te matū, ngā tohu parakore, me ngā tohu haumaru:
Ngā whakamātautau ā-tinana me te matū: te matotoru, te nui o te whakakapinga, te pH, te makuku, te nui o te pungarehu;
Ngā whakamātautau haumaru: ngā konganuku taumaha, te āheniki, te mata, me te tapeke o ngā moroiti;
Ngā whakamātautau mahi: te wairewatanga, ngā āhuatanga rheological, te pumau, me ētahi atu. Me whakaatu e te CMC kounga teitei ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te māramatanga teitei, te kore kakara, te wairewatanga pai, me te āhua rheological pumau.
5. Ngā Auahatanga Ture me te Whanaketanga Ahumahi
I te pikinga ake o te "tapanga ma" me ngā au o te kai hauora, kei te kaha haere te whakahaere i ngā CMC kai-kai:
Me kore he toenga matū kino i roto i te tukanga whakaputa (pērā i te waipiro isopropyl);
Kei te haere tonu te neke ki ngā muka "pūtake taiao" me ngā muka "pirau";
Me whiwhi ngā kamupene i ngā tiwhikete maha, tae atu ki te ISO 22000, HACCP, HALAL, me te KOSHER.
Ā tōna wā, ka hāngai anō ngā ture me ngā paerewa CMC ki ngā paerewa o te ao, me te aro nui ki te haumaru o te pūtake, te atawhai i te taiao, me ngā pānga ki te hauora tangata.
Te pūnaha ture me te paerewa mōCMC kai-kaiKei te whānui haere te whānuitanga, e kapi ana i te mekameka tuku katoa mai i ngā rauemi mata, te hanga, me te whakamahinga. Me piri pū ngā kamupene ki ngā paerewa ā-motu pēnei i te GB 1886.232 me te GB 2760 i te wā o te R&D me te kaweake, me te aroturuki i ngā whakahoutanga mai i a JECFA, te EU, me te FDA. Mā te whakamahi tika i roto i te anga ture anake ka taea e tātou te whakarite kia ōrite te hiranga o te mahi me te haumaru o te CMC i roto i te kai, me te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga pumau o te umanga kai.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-27-2025