Enkambisweni yokulungisa amaphutha nokusebenzisa ama-glaze, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nemiphumela ethile yokuhlobisa kanye nezinkomba zokusebenza, kumele futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo eziyisisekelo. Sibala futhi sixoxe ngezinkinga ezimbili ezivame kakhulu enkambisweni yokusebenzisa ama-glaze.
1. Ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry akukuhle
Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwefektri ye-ceramic kuyaqhubeka, uma kunenkinga ngokusebenza kwe-glaze slurry, kuzovela amaphutha ahlukahlukene enkambisweni ye-glazing, okuzothinta ngqo izinga elihle kakhulu lemikhiqizo yomkhiqizi. Okubalulekile nokusebenza okuyisisekelo. Ake sithathe izidingo zokusebenza ze-bell jar glaze ku-glaze slurry njengesibonelo. I-glaze slurry enhle kufanele ibe: ukugeleza okuhle, ukungabi na-thixotropy, ukungabi namvula, ukungabi namabhamuza ku-glaze slurry, ukugcinwa komswakama okufanele, kanye namandla athile uma komile, njll. Ukusebenza kwenqubo. Bese sihlaziya izici ezithinta ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry.
1) Ikhwalithi yamanzi
Ubulukhuni kanye ne-pH yamanzi kuzothinta ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry. Ngokuvamile, ithonya lekhwalithi yamanzi lingokwesifunda. Amanzi ompompi endaweni ethile ngokuvamile azinzile ngemva kokwelashwa, kodwa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngokuvamile awazinzile ngenxa yezici ezifana nokuqukethwe kukasawoti oncibilikayo ezingqimbeni zamadwala kanye nokungcola. Ukuzinza, ngakho-ke i-ball mill glaze slurry yomkhiqizi kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi, azohlala eqinile.
2) Okuqukethwe kukasawoti oncibilikayo ezintweni zokusetshenziswa
Ngokuvamile, ukuna kwe-ion yensimbi ye-alkali kanye ne-alkaline earth metal emanzini kuzothinta i-pH kanye nebhalansi engaba khona ku-glaze slurry. Ngakho-ke, ekukhetheni izinto zokusetshenziswa zamaminerali, sizama ukusebenzisa izinto ezicutshungulwe ngokuntanta, ukuwasha ngamanzi, kanye nokugaya ngamanzi. Kuzoba kuncane, futhi okuqukethwe usawoti oncibilikayo ezintweni zokusetshenziswa kuhlobene nokwakheka kwemithambo ye-ore kanye nezinga lokuwa. Izimayini ezahlukene zinezinga elihlukile likasawoti oncibilikayo. Indlela elula ukwengeza amanzi ngesilinganiso esithile nokuhlola izinga lokugeleza kwe-glaze slurry ngemva kokugaya ibhola. , Sizama ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezincane noma ezingenazo nhlobo ngesilinganiso sokugeleza esibi kakhulu.
3) I-Sodiumi-carboxymethyl cellulosekanye ne-sodium tripolyphosphate
I-ejenti yokumisa esetshenziswa ku-glaze yethu ye-ceramic yokwakha yi-sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-CMC, ubude be-molecule chain ye-CMC buthinta ngqo i-viscosity yayo ku-glaze slurry, uma i-molecule chain inde kakhulu, i-viscosity ilungile, kodwa ku-glaze slurry Ama-bubbles kulula ukuwabona endaweni futhi kunzima ukuwakhipha. Uma i-molecule chain imfushane kakhulu, i-viscosity ilinganiselwe futhi umphumela wokubopha awukwazi ukufezwa, futhi i-glaze slurry kulula ukuyiwohloka ngemva kokubekwa isikhathi esithile. Ngakho-ke, iningi le-cellulose esetshenziswa emafektri ethu yi-viscosity cellulose ephakathi nendawo nephansi. . Ikhwalithi ye-sodium tripolyphosphate ihlobene ngqo nezindleko. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo eminingi emakethe yonakalisiwe kakhulu, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kokusebenza kwe-degumming. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukukhetha abakhiqizi abavamile ukuthi bathenge, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulahlekelwa kudlula inzuzo!
4) Ukungcola kwangaphandle
Ngokuvamile, ezinye izinto ezingcolisa uwoyela kanye nezinto ezibangela ukuntanta kwamakhemikhali zilethwa ngokungenakugwenywa ngesikhathi sokumba nokucubungula izinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odaka abaningi bokwenziwa okwamanje basebenzisa ezinye izithasiselo eziphilayo ezinezintambo ezinkulu zama-molecule. Ukungcola kowoyela kubangela ngqo ukukhubazeka kwe-glaze egobile ebusweni be-glaze. Izinto ezibangela ukuntanta zizothinta ibhalansi ye-acid-base futhi zithinte ukugeleza kwe-glaze slurry. Izithasiselo zodaka zokwenziwa ngokuvamile zinezintambo ezinkulu zama-molecule futhi zivame ukuba nama-bubbles.
5) Izinto eziphilayo ezitholakala ezintweni zokusetshenziswa
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamaminerali zifakwa ezintweni eziphilayo ngokungenakugwenywa ngenxa yokuphila kwengxenye, ukuhlukahluka nezinye izici. Ezinye zalezi zinto eziphilayo kunzima ukuzincibilikisa emanzini, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuzoba namabhamuza omoya, avimbe futhi avale.
2. I-base glaze ayifani kahle:
Ukufanisa umzimba kanye ne-glaze kungaxoxwa ngezici ezintathu: ukufanisa ububanzi bokukhipha ugesi, ukufanisa ukomisa nokushisa, kanye nokufanisa i-expansion coefficient. Ake sizihlaziye ngasinye ngasinye:
1) Ukuqhathaniswa kwesikhala sokukhipha ugesi
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa yomzimba kanye ne-glaze, kuzokwenzeka uchungechunge lwezinguquko zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa, njengokuthi: ukumuncwa kwamanzi, ukukhishwa kwamanzi ekristalu, ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nokubola kwamaminerali angaphili, njll., ukusabela okuthile kanye nokubola Izinga lokushisa liye lahlolwa izazi eziphezulu, futhi likopishwe kanje ukuze kubhekiselwe kulo ① Izinga lokushisa legumbi -100 degrees Celsius, amanzi afakwe i-adsor ayashintshashintsha;
② 200-118 degrees Celsius ukuhwamuka kwamanzi phakathi kwezingxenye ③ 350-650 degrees Celsius ukusha kwezinto eziphilayo, ukubola kwe-sulfate ne-sulfide ④ 450-650 degrees Celsius ukuhlanganiswa kwekristalu, ukususwa kwamanzi ekristalu ⑤ 573 degrees Celsius ukuguqulwa kwe-quartz, ushintsho lwevolumu ⑥ 800-950 degrees Celsius calcite, ukubola kwe-dolomite, igesi Khipha ⑦ 700 degrees Celsius ukwakha izigaba ezintsha ze-silicate kanye ne-silicate eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Izinga lokushisa lokubola elihambisanayo elingenhla lingasetshenziswa kuphela njengereferensi ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, ngoba izinga lezinto zethu zokusetshenziswa liya ngokuya lehla, futhi, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokukhiqiza, umjikelezo wokushisa i-oven uya ngokuya ufushane. Ngakho-ke, ngamathayili e-ceramic, izinga lokushisa lokusabela kokubola elihambisanayo lizophinde libambezeleke ngenxa yokusha okusheshayo, futhi ngisho nokukhipha umoya okugxilile endaweni yokushisa ephezulu kuzobangela amaphutha ahlukahlukene. Ukuze sipheke ama-dumpling, ukuze siwenze apheke ngokushesha, kumelwe sisebenze kanzima esikhumbeni futhi sigcwalise, senze isikhumba sibe sincane, senze ukugcwala okuncane noma sithole ukugcwala okulula ukukupheka, njll. Kunjalo nangamathayili e-ceramic. Ukusha, ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuqhuma kwe-glaze kwandisa ububanzi nokunye. Ubudlelwano phakathi komzimba ne-glaze bufana nokwakheka kwamantombazane. Labo abake babona izimonyo zamantombazane akufanele kube nzima ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kukhona ama-glaze angezansi nama-glaze aphezulu emzimbeni. Inhloso eyisisekelo yokwenza izimonyo akukhona ukufihla ububi nokubenza babe bahle! Kodwa uma ujuluka kancane ngephutha, ubuso bakho buzoba namabala, futhi ungase ube ne-allergy. Kunjalo nangamathayili e-ceramic. Ekuqaleni zazishiswe kahle, kodwa kwavela ama-pinholes ngengozi, pho kungani izimonyo zinaka ukuphefumula futhi zikhethe ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene zesikhumba? Izimonyo ezahlukene, empeleni, ama-glaze ethu afana, emizimbeni ehlukene, sinezingqimba ezahlukene zokuzivumelanisa nazo, amathayili e-ceramic ashiswa kanye, ngishilo esihlokweni esandulele: Kuzoba ngcono ukusebenzisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezengeziwe uma umoya uphuzile bese wethula izinsimbi zomhlaba ze-alkaline ezine-carbonate. Uma umzimba oluhlaza uphelelwe amandla ngaphambilini, sebenzisa ama-frits amaningi noma wethula izinsimbi zomhlaba ze-alkaline ezine-divalent ezinezinto ezilahlekelwa ukusha okuncane. Isimiso sokukhathala yilesi: izinga lokushisa eliqeda amandla lomzimba oluhlaza ngokuvamile liphansi kunele-glaze, ukuze ubuso obucwebezelayo bube buhle ngemva kokuba igesi engezansi ikhishwe, kodwa kunzima ukukufeza ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, futhi iphuzu lokuthambisa le-glaze kumele libuyiselwe emuva kahle ukuze kube lula ukukhipha ugesi emzimbeni.
2) Ukomisa nokushisa ukufanisa ukuncishiswa
Wonke umuntu ugqoka izingubo, futhi kumele zibe ntofontofo, noma uma kukhona ukunganaki okuncane, imithungo izovulwa, futhi i-glaze emzimbeni ifana nezingubo esizigqokayo, futhi kumele ilingane kahle! Ngakho-ke, ukuncishiswa kokoma kwe-glaze kufanele futhi kufane nomzimba oluhlaza, futhi akufanele kube kukhulu kakhulu noma kube kuncane kakhulu, kungenjalo kuzovela imifantu ngesikhathi somiswa, futhi isitini esiqediwe sizoba namaphutha. Vele, ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kanye nezinga lobuchwepheshe labasebenzi be-glaze bamanje Kuthiwa lokhu akuseyona inkinga enzima manje, futhi abalungisi bezinkinga abajwayelekile nabo banekhono kakhulu lokubamba ubumba, ngakho-ke isimo esingenhla asiveli njalo, ngaphandle kokuthi izinkinga ezingenhla zenzeka kwamanye amafektri anezimo zokukhiqiza ezinzima kakhulu.
3) Ukufanisa i-coefficient yokwandisa
Ngokuvamile, i-expansion coefficient yomzimba oluhlaza inkulu kancane kune-glaze, futhi i-glaze icindezelwa kakhulu ngemva kokudubula emzimbeni oluhlaza, ukuze ukuzinza kokushisa kwe-glaze kube ngcono futhi akulula ukuyiqhekeza. Lena futhi inkolelo-mbono okumele siyifunde lapho sifunda ama-silicates. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule umngane wangibuza: kungani i-expansion coefficient ye-glaze inkulu kuneyomzimba, ngakho-ke isimo sezitini sizogobeka, kodwa i-expansion coefficient ye-glaze incane kuneyomzimba, ngakho-ke isimo sezitini sigobile? Kunengqondo ukusho ukuthi ngemva kokushiswa nokwandiswa, i-glaze inkulu kunesisekelo futhi igobile, kanti i-glaze incane kunesisekelo futhi igobile…
Angijahi ukunikeza impendulo, ake sibheke ukuthi iyini i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa. Okokuqala, kumele kube yinani. Luhlobo luni lwenani? Liyinani levolumu yento eshintsha ngokushisa. Nokho, njengoba ishintsha “ngokushisa”, izoshintsha lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka futhi lehla. I-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa esivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi ama-ceramics empeleni iyi-coefficient yokwanda komthamo. I-coefficient yokwanda komthamo ngokuvamile ihlobene ne-coefficient yokwanda komugqa, okuphindwe kathathu kunokwanda komugqa. I-coefficient yokwanda okulinganisiwe ngokuvamile inesisekelo, okungukuthi, “ebangeni elithile lokushisa”. Isibonelo, hlobo luni lwejika eliyinani lama-degree Celsius angu-20-400 ngokujwayelekile? Uma uphikelela ekuqhathaniseni inani lama-degrees angu-400 kuya kuma-degrees angu-600 Yiqiniso, akukho siphetho esiqondile esingatholakala ekuqhathaniseni.
Ngemva kokuqonda umqondo we-expansion coefficient, ake sibuyele esihlokweni sokuqala. Ngemva kokuba amathayili eshisiwe esithandweni, anezigaba zokwanda kanye nokuncipha. Ake singacabangi ngezinguquko endaweni yokushisa ephezulu ngenxa yokwanda kanye nokuncipha kokushisa ngaphambili. Kungani? Ngoba, ekushiseni okuphezulu, kokubili umzimba oluhlaza kanye ne-glaze kuyipulasitiki. Ukubeka ngokusobala, zithambile, futhi ithonya lamandla adonsela phansi likhulu kunokucindezeleka kwazo. Okuhle kakhulu, umzimba oluhlaza uqondile futhi uqondile, futhi i-expansion coefficient ayinawo umphumela omkhulu. Ngemva kokuba ithayili le-ceramic lidlule esigabeni sokushisa okuphezulu, liphola ngokushesha futhi liphola kancane, futhi ithayili le-ceramic liba lukhuni emzimbeni wepulasitiki. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lehla, ivolumu iyancipha. Yiqiniso, lapho i-expansion coefficient inkulu, i-shrinkage inkulu, futhi i-expansion coefficient incane, i-shrinkage encane ehambisanayo. Lapho i-expansion coefficient yomzimba inkulu kune-glaze, umzimba uncipha kakhulu kune-glaze ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa, futhi isitini sigobile; uma i-expansion coefficient yomzimba incane kune-glaze, umzimba uncipha ngaphandle kwe-glaze ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa. Uma izitini ziningi kakhulu, izitini zizoguqulwa, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuchaza imibuzo engenhla!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-25-2024