Mu gikorwa cyo gukosora no gukoresha glaze, uretse kuba zuzuza ingaruka zihariye zo gushushanya n'ibipimo by'imikorere, zigomba kandi zuzuza ibisabwa by'ibanze mu gikorwa. Turagaragaza kandi tukaganira ku bibazo bibiri bikunze kugaragara mu gihe cyo gukoresha glaze.
1. Imikorere ya glaze slurry ntabwo ari myiza
Kubera ko umusaruro w'uruganda rwa ceramic ukomeza, iyo habayeho ikibazo ku mikorere y'urusenda rwa glaze, inenge zitandukanye zizagaragara mu gihe cyo gukaraba, bizagira ingaruka ku muvuduko mwiza w'ibicuruzwa by'uruganda. Icy'ingenzi kandi ni imikorere y'ibanze. Reka dufate urugero rw'ibisabwa ku mikorere y'urusenda rwa bell jar kuri glaze. Urusenda rwiza rwa glaze rugomba kugira: ubushyuhe bwiza, nta thixotropy, nta mvura igwa, nta bubobere mu rusenda rwa glaze, kubika ubushuhe bukwiye, n'imbaraga runaka iyo byumye, nibindi. Imikorere y'ibikorwa. Hanyuma reka dusesengure ibintu bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'urusenda rwa glaze.
1) Ubwiza bw'amazi
Ubukana na pH by'amazi bizagira ingaruka ku mikorere y'urusenda rwa glaze. Muri rusange, ingaruka z'ubwiza bw'amazi ni akarere. Amazi yo mu rusenda mu gace runaka muri rusange aba ahamye nyuma yo kuvurwa, ariko amazi yo mu butaka muri rusange aba adafite ishingiro bitewe n'ibintu nk'umunyu ushonga mu mabuye n'umwanda. Gukomera, bityo glaze y'uruganda rwakoze ni byiza gukoresha amazi yo mu rusenda, azaba ahamye.
2) Umunyu ushongeshwa mu bikoresho fatizo
Muri rusange, imvura ya iyoni z’icyuma cya alkali n’icyuma cya alkali mu mazi bigira ingaruka ku pH n’uburinganire bw’ibice by’amazi bivamo glaze. Kubwibyo, mu guhitamo ibikoresho by’amabuye y’agaciro, tugerageza gukoresha ibikoresho byatunganyijwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuzenguruka, gukaraba amazi, no gusya amazi. Bizaba bike, kandi ingano y’umunyu ushongesha mu bikoresho by’ibanze nayo ifitanye isano n’imiterere rusange y’imitsi y’amabuye y’agaciro n’urwego rw’ikirere. Ibirombe bitandukanye bifite ingano y’umunyu ushongesha itandukanye. Uburyo bworoshye ni ugushyiramo amazi mu rugero runaka no kugerageza umuvuduko w’amazi avamo glaze nyuma yo gusya. , Tugerageza gukoresha ibikoresho by’ibanze bike cyangwa nta na kimwe gifite umuvuduko mubi w’amazi.
3) Sodiyumuselulose ya karboksimetilina sodium tripolifosfeti
Igikoresho cyo gusunika gikoreshwa muri glaze yacu y’ubwubatsi ni sodium carboxymethylcellulose, muri rusange yitwa CMC, uburebure bw’umunyururu wa molekile wa CMC bugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku buryo bugaragara mu ruhu rw’umunyururu, niba umunyururu wa molekile ari muremure cyane, ubushyuhe ni bwiza, ariko muri glaze slurry Udupira tworoshye kugaragara mu buryo bw’umwuka kandi biragoye gusohora. Iyo umunyururu wa molekile ari mugufi cyane, ubushyuhe buragabanuka kandi ingaruka zo guhuza ntizishobora kugerwaho, kandi ubushyuhe bwa glaze bworoshye kwangirika nyuma yo gushyirwaho igihe runaka. Kubwibyo, cellulose nyinshi zikoreshwa mu nganda zacu ni cellulose ifite ubushyuhe buringaniye kandi buke. . Ubwiza bwa sodium tripolyphosphate bufitanye isano itaziguye n'igiciro. Muri iki gihe, ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isoko byarangiritse cyane, bigatuma imikorere yo gukuramo igabanuka cyane. Kubwibyo, muri rusange ni ngombwa guhitamo abakora ibikoresho bisanzwe kugura, bitabaye ibyo igihombo kiruta inyungu!
4) Imyanda y'amahanga
Muri rusange, bimwe mu bintu bihumanya peteroli n'ibinyabutabire birekura amazi mu mazi byinjizwa mu gihe cyo gucukura no gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo. Byongeye kandi, ibyondo byinshi by'ubukorano muri iki gihe bikoresha bimwe mu byongeramo umwimerere bifite imiyoboro minini ya molekile. Kwandura kwa peteroli bitera ubusembwa bw'ibirahuri ku buso bwa glaze. Ibintu birekura amazi bizagira ingaruka ku buringanire bwa aside n'ishingiro kandi bigira ingaruka ku kuntu glaze itemba. Ibyongeramo ibyondo by'ubukorano muri rusange bigira imiyoboro minini ya molekile kandi bikunze gutera ibibyimba.
5) Ibintu by’umwimerere biri mu bikoresho fatizo
Ibikoresho by’ubutare byinjizwa mu bintu by’umwimerere bitewe n’igice cy’ubuzima bwabyo, itandukaniro ryabyo n’ibindi bintu. Bimwe muri ibyo bintu by’ubutare biragoye gushonga mu mazi, kandi rimwe na rimwe habaho utubumbe tw’umwuka, tubyinjiramo kandi tugafunga.
2. Igikoresho cyo hasi ntigihuye neza:
Guhuza umubiri n'ibirahuri bishobora kuganirwaho mu ngingo eshatu: guhuza imashini zisohora umwotsi, guhuza ubwinshi bw'ingufu zo gutwika no gutwika, hamwe no guhuza ingano y'ingufu zo kwaguka. Reka tubisesengure kimwe kimwe:
1) Guhuza igihe cyo kurasa umwotsi uva mu kirere
Mu gihe cyo gushyushya umubiri n'urumuri, hazabaho impinduka nyinshi zifatika n'izishingiye ku binyabutabire hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe, nko: kwinjiza amazi, gusohora amazi ya kristu, kubora kw'ibintu bikomoka ku bimera no kubora kw'imyunyu ngugu idakomoka ku bimera, nibindi, ingaruka zihariye no kubora. Ubushyuhe bwageragejwe n'abahanga bakuru, kandi bwakopewe ku buryo bukurikira kugira ngo bukoreshwe ① Ubushyuhe bw'icyumba -dogere selisiyusi 100, amazi yakuwemo arahindagurika;
② Dogere selisiyusi 200-118 amazi ahinduka umwuka hagati y’ibice ③ Dogere selisiyusi 350-650 gutwika ibintu bikomoka ku bimera, kubora kwa sulfate na sulfide ④ Dogere selisiyusi 450-650 gusubiranamo kwa kristale, gukuraho amazi ya kristale ⑤ Guhindura quartz ya quartz ya 573, guhindura ingano ⑥ Dogere selisiyusi 800-950, kubora kwa dolomite, gazi. Kuraho ⑦ Dogere selisiyusi 700 kugira ngo habeho ibice bishya bya silicate na silicate bigoye.
Ubushyuhe bwo kubora bujyanye n'ibyo twavuze haruguru bushobora gukoreshwa gusa nk'icyitegererezo mu musaruro nyakuri, kuko urwego rw'ibikoresho byacu fatizo ruri kugenda rugabanuka, kandi, kugira ngo tugabanye ikiguzi cyo gukora, uruziga rwo gutwika itanura ruri kugenda rugabanuka. Kubwibyo, ku mabati ya ceramic, ubushyuhe bwo kubora bujyanye n'ibyo twakoze buzatinda bitewe no gushya vuba, kandi ndetse n'imyuka isohoka cyane mu gace k'ubushyuhe bwinshi bizatera inenge zitandukanye. Kugira ngo duteke amadafu, kugira ngo tuyateke vuba, tugomba gukora cyane ku ruhu no kuyashyiramo ibintu, gutuma uruhu rworoha, gukora ibintu bike cyangwa kubona ibintu byoroshye guteka, nibindi. Ni kimwe no ku mabati ya ceramic. Gutwika, kugabanya umubiri, kwagura urwego rw'amadafu nibindi. Isano iri hagati y'umubiri n'amadafu ni imwe n'iy'abakobwa. Ababonye amabati ya ceramic ntibagomba kugorana kumva impamvu hari amabati yo hasi n'amadafu yo hejuru ku mubiri. Intego nyamukuru ya matike si uguhisha ububi no kuyatunganya neza! Ariko niba ubyuya gato ku bw'impanuka, isura yawe izahinduka ibara, kandi ushobora kugira allergie. Ni kimwe no ku mabati ya ceramic. Mbere byatwitswe neza, ariko imyobo y'inyuma yagaragaye ku bw'impanuka, none kuki amavuta yo kwisiga yita ku guhumeka neza agahitamo akurikije ubwoko butandukanye bw'uruhu? Amavuta yo kwisiga atandukanye, mu by'ukuri, amatara yacu ni amwe, ku mibiri itandukanye, dufite amatara atandukanye yo kwisiga kugira ngo tuyahuze, amatafari ya ceramic yacanywe rimwe, navuze mu nkuru ibanziriza iyi: Bizaba byiza gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo byinshi niba umwuka utinze kandi ugashyiramo ibyuma bya alkaline earth bivalent hamwe na karubone. Niba umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi warangiye kare, koresha frits nyinshi cyangwa ugashyiramo ibyuma bya alkaline earth bivalent hamwe n'ibikoresho bidafite umuriro mwinshi. Ihame ryo kunanirwa ni iri: ubushyuhe bukabije bw'umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi muri rusange buba buri hasi ugereranije n'ubw'amatara, ku buryo ubuso bwa glaze buba bwiza nyuma yuko gazi iri hasi isohotse, ariko biragoye kugeraho mu musaruro nyawo, kandi aho glaze yoroshye igomba kwimurwa neza kugira ngo yorohereze umubiri gusohora umwuka.
2) Guhuza no kumisha no gutwika ibintu bigabanya ubukana
Buri wese yambara imyenda, kandi igomba kuba imeze neza, cyangwa se niba hari uburangare buto, imigozi izafungurwa, kandi glaze ku mubiri imeze nk'imyenda twambara, kandi igomba kuba ihuye neza! Kubwibyo, kugabanuka kw'glaze nabyo bigomba guhuza n'umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi, kandi ntibigomba kuba binini cyane cyangwa bito cyane, bitabaye ibyo hazabaho imyenge mu gihe cyo kumisha, kandi itafari ryarangiye rizagira inenge. Birumvikana ko hashingiwe ku bunararibonye n'urwego rwa tekiniki rw'abakozi ba glaze bariho ubu. Bivugwa ko iki kitari ikibazo kigoye, kandi abakora debugging rusange nabo ni abahanga mu gufata ibumba, bityo rero ikibazo cyavuzwe haruguru ntikigaragara kenshi, keretse ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru bibayeho mu nganda zimwe na zimwe zifite imiterere mibi cyane y'umusaruro.
3) Guhuza igipimo cyo kwagura
Muri rusange, igipimo cyo kwaguka k'umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi ni kinini gato kuruta icya glaze, kandi glaze ishyirwa mu kaga gakomeye nyuma yo kurasa ku mubiri w'icyatsi kibisi, bityo ubushyuhe bw'igipimo bukaba bwiza kandi ntibyoroshye kugicagagura. Iyi ni nayo nyigisho tugomba kwiga iyo twiga silicates. Mu minsi mike ishize inshuti yanjye yambajije iti: kuki igipimo cyo kwaguka k'igipimo ari kinini kuruta icy'umubiri, bityo imiterere y'amatafari izagorama, ariko igipimo cyo kwaguka k'igipimo ni gito kuruta icy'umubiri, bityo imiterere y'amatafari ikaba igorama? Birumvikana kuvuga ko nyuma yo gushyushya no kwaguka, glaze iba nini kuruta ishingiro kandi igorama, kandi glaze iba nto kuruta ishingiro kandi igorama…
Sinihutiye gutanga igisubizo, reka turebe icyo coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe ari cyo. Mbere na mbere, igomba kuba agaciro. Ni ubwoko ki bw'agaciro? Ni agaciro k'ingano y'ikintu gihinduka bitewe n'ubushyuhe. Kubera ko gihinduka bitewe n' "ubushyuhe", kizahinduka iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse bukagabanuka. Coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe dukunze kwita keramiki mu by'ukuri ni coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe. Coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe muri rusange ifitanye isano na coefficient yo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe, ikaba ikubye inshuro 3 ugereranyije no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe. Coefficient yo kwaguka yapimwe muri rusange ifite ishingiro, ni ukuvuga, "mu rugero runaka rw'ubushyuhe". Urugero, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'umuvuduko w'agaciro ka dogere selisiyusi 20-400 muri rusange? Niba ushimangira kugereranya agaciro ka dogere selisiyusi 400 kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 600 Birumvikana ko nta mwanzuro ufatika ushobora gutangwa uvuye muri iyo gereranya.
Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa igitekerezo cy’ingano y’ubushyuhe, reka dusubire ku ngingo y’ibanze. Nyuma y’uko amatafari ashyushye mu itanura, agira ibyiciro byo kwaguka no gukuba. Ntitugatekereze ku mpinduka mu gace k’ubushyuhe bwinshi bitewe no kwaguka no gukuba mbere. Kuki? Kubera ko, ku bushyuhe bwinshi, umubiri w’icyatsi kibisi n’igishishwa byose ni pulasitiki. Mu magambo make, biraryoshye, kandi ingaruka z’uburemere ziruta imbaraga zabyo. By’ingenzi ni uko umubiri w’icyatsi kibisi uba ugororotse kandi ugororotse, kandi umubare w’ubushyuhe bwo kwaguka ntacyo uhindura. Nyuma y’uko amatafari ya ceramic anyuze mu gice cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ahita akonja vuba kandi agakonja buhoro, maze agatafari ka ceramic kagakomera kuva ku mubiri wa pulasitiki. Uko ubushyuhe bugenda bugabanuka, ingano iragabanuka. Birumvikana ko uko umubare w’ubushyuhe bwinshi, ni ko umubare w’ubushyuhe bugabanuka, kandi umubare w’ubushyuhe bugabanuka, ni ko umubare w’ubushyuhe bugabanuka buhoro. Iyo umubare w’ubushyuhe bw’umubiri uruta uw’igishishwa, umubiri ugabanuka cyane kurusha igishishwa mu gihe cyo gukonja, kandi itara rikagira ibara; niba umubare w’ubushyuhe bw’umubiri ari muto kurusha uw’igishishwa, umubiri ugabanuka nta gishishwa mu gihe cyo gukonja. Iyo amatafari ari menshi cyane, amatafari azahindurirwa hejuru, bityo ntibigoye gusobanura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru!
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Mata 2024