Kwinkqubo yokulungisa iimpazamo nokusebenzisa iiglaze, ukongeza ekuhlangabezaneni nemiphumo ethile yokuhombisa kunye neempawu zokusebenza, kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno zenkqubo ezisisiseko. Sidwelisa kwaye sixoxe ngeengxaki ezimbini eziqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa iiglaze.
1. Ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry akulunganga
Ngenxa yokuba imveliso yefektri yeseramikhi iyaqhubeka, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngokusebenza kwe-glaze slurry, kuya kuvela iziphene ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo ye-glazing, eya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izinga elihle leemveliso zomenzi. Okubalulekileyo kunye nokusebenza okusisiseko. Masithathe iimfuno zokusebenza kwe-bell jar glaze kwi-glaze slurry njengomzekelo. I-glaze slurry elungileyo kufuneka ibe: ukugeleza okuhle, ukungabikho kwe-thixotropy, ukungabikho kwemvula, ukungabikho kwamaqamza kwi-glaze slurry, ukugcinwa komswakama okufanelekileyo, kunye namandla athile xa komile, njl. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo. Emva koko masihlalutye izinto ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry.
1) Umgangatho wamanzi
Ubunzima kunye ne-pH yamanzi kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-glaze slurry. Ngokubanzi, impembelelo yomgangatho wamanzi ikwindawo ethile. Amanzi epompo kwindawo ethile ahlala eqinile emva konyango, kodwa amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba ahlala engazinzile ngenxa yezinto ezifana nomxholo wetyuwa enyibilikayo kwiileya zamatye kunye nongcoliseko. Uzinzo, ngoko ke i-ball mill glaze slurry yomenzi kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi epompo, aya kuhlala eqinile.
2) Umxholo wetyuwa enyibilikayo kwizinto ezikrwada
Ngokubanzi, ukuna kwee-ion zesinyithi ze-alkali kunye ne-alkaline earth metal emanzini kuya kuchaphazela i-pH kunye nebhalansi enokubakho kwi-glaze slurry. Ke ngoko, ekukhetheni izinto eziluhlaza zeminerali, sizama ukusebenzisa izinto ezicutshungulwe ngokutyibilika, ukuhlamba ngamanzi, kunye nokugaywa kwamanzi. Kuya kuba ncinci, kwaye umxholo wetyuwa enyibilikayo kwizixhobo eziluhlaza ukwanxulumene nokwakheka ngokubanzi kwemithambo ye-ore kunye nenqanaba lokuwohloka. Imigodi eyahlukeneyo inemixholo eyahlukeneyo yetyuwa enyibilikayo. Indlela elula kukongeza amanzi ngokwesilinganiso esithile kunye nokuvavanya izinga lokuhamba kwe-glaze slurry emva kokugaywa kwebhola. , Sizama ukusebenzisa izinto eziluhlaza ezincinci okanye ezingaxutywanga nezinezinga lokuhamba eliphantsi.
3) Isodiyami-carboxymethyl cellulosekunye ne-sodium tripolyphosphate
Iarhente yokumisa esetyenziswa kwi-ceramic glaze yethu yokwakha yi-sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ebizwa ngokuba yi-CMC, ubude be-molecular chain ye-CMC buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-viscosity yayo kwi-glaze slurry, ukuba i-molecular chain inde kakhulu, i-viscosity ilungile, kodwa kwi-glaze slurry ii-bubbles kulula ukuzibona kwi-medium kwaye kunzima ukuzikhupha. Ukuba i-molecular chain imfutshane kakhulu, i-viscosity incinci kwaye isiphumo sokubopha asinakufezekiswa, kwaye i-glaze slurry kulula ukuyiwohloka emva kokubekwa ixesha elithile. Ke ngoko, uninzi lwe-cellulose esetyenziswa kwiifektri zethu yi-viscosity cellulose ephakathi nephantsi. . Umgangatho we-sodium tripolyphosphate unxulumene ngokuthe ngqo neendleko. Okwangoku, iimveliso ezininzi ezikwimarike zingcoliswe kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-degumming. Ke ngoko, ngokubanzi kuyimfuneko ukukhetha abavelisi abaqhelekileyo ukuba bathenge, kungenjalo ilahleko idlula inzuzo!
4) Ukungcola kwangaphandle
Ngokubanzi, ezinye ii-arhente zongcoliso lweoyile kunye neekhemikhali zokudada ziyaziswa ngokungenakuphepheka ngexesha lokumbiwa nokucutshungulwa kwezinto eziluhlaza. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi lwezidaka zokwenziwa ngoku zisebenzisa ezinye izongezo zendalo ezinee-molecular chain ezinkulu. Ungcoliso lweoyile lubangela ngokuthe ngqo iziphene ze-concave glaze kumphezulu we-glaze. Ii-arhente zokudada ziya kuchaphazela ibhalansi ye-acid-base kwaye zichaphazele ukugeleza kwe-glaze slurry. Izongezo zodaka zokwenziwa ngokubanzi zine-molecular chain ezinkulu kwaye zithandwa ngamaqamza.
5) Izinto eziphilayo ezikwizinto ezikrwada
Izinto eziluhlaza zeminerali ngokungenakuphepheka zifakwa kwizinto eziphilayo ngenxa yobomi obuphakathi, ukwahluka kunye nezinye izinto. Ezinye zezi zinto eziphilayo kunzima ukuzinyibilikisa emanzini, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho amaqamza omoya, aqhekekayo kwaye avale.
2. I-base glaze ayifani kakuhle:
Ukuhambelana komzimba kunye ne-glaze kunokuxoxwa ngazo kwiinkalo ezintathu: ukuhambelana koluhlu lokukhupha i-exhaust, ukuhambelana kokomisa kunye nokutshisa, kunye nokuhambelana kwe-expansion coefficient. Masizihlalutye nganye nganye:
1) Ukulinganisa isithuba sokukhupha umoya
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufudumeza umzimba kunye ne-glaze, kuza kubakho uthotho lotshintsho lwendalo kunye nolwekhemikhali ngokwanda kobushushu, okufana noku: ukufunxwa kwamanzi, ukukhutshwa kwamanzi ekristale, ukubola kwe-oxidative kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokubola kweeminerali ezingaphiliyo, njl.njl., iimpendulo ezithile kunye nokubola. Ubushushu buye bavavanywa zizazi eziphezulu, kwaye bukopishwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo ukuze kubhekiselwe ① Ubushushu begumbi -100 degrees Celsius, amanzi afunxwayo ayatshintshatshintsha;
② 200-118 degrees Celsius umphunga wamanzi phakathi kwamacandelo ③ 350-650 degrees Celsius ukutsha kwezinto eziphilayo, ukubola kwe-sulfate kunye ne-sulfide ④ 450-650 degrees Celsius ukuphinda-phinda kwekristale, ukususwa kwamanzi ekristale ⑤ 573 degrees Celsius ukuguqulwa kwequartz, utshintsho lomthamo ⑥ 800-950 degrees Celsius calcite, ukubola kwedolomite, igesi. Khupha ⑦ 700 degrees Celsius ukwenza izigaba ezintsha ze-silicate kunye ne-silicate ezintsonkothileyo.
Ubushushu bokubola obuhambelanayo obungentla bungasetyenziswa kuphela njengesalathiso kwimveliso yokwenyani, kuba umgangatho wezinto zethu ezikrwada uya uhla, kwaye, ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zemveliso, umjikelo wokutshisa i-oven uya usiba mfutshane. Ke ngoko, kwiithayile zeseramikhi, ubushushu bokusabela kokubola obuhambelanayo buya kulibaziseka ngenxa yokutsha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kwanokukhupha umoya okuxineneyo kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu kuya kubangela iziphene ezahlukeneyo. Ukupheka iidumplings, ukuze ziphekwe ngokukhawuleza, kufuneka sisebenze nzima eluswini kwaye sigcwalise, senze ulusu lube mncinci, senze ukugcwala okuncinci okanye sifumane ukugcwala okulula ukukupheka, njl. Kunjalo nakwiithayile zeseramikhi. Ukutsha, ukunciphisa umzimba, ukwandisa uluhlu lokudubula kweglaze njalo njalo. Ubudlelwane phakathi komzimba kunye neglaze buyafana nokuhombisa kwamantombazana. Abo babone ukuhombisa kwamantombazana akufuneki kube nzima ukuqonda ukuba kutheni kukho iiglaze ezisezantsi kunye neeglaze eziphezulu emzimbeni. Injongo esisiseko yokuhombisa ayikokufihla ububi kunye nokuBulungisa! Kodwa ukuba ubila kancinci ngengozi, ubuso bakho buya kuba nebala, kwaye unokuba ne-allergy. Kunjalo nakwiithayile zeseramikhi. Ekuqaleni zazitshiswe kakuhle, kodwa imingxuma yepinhole yavela ngengozi, kutheni ke izinto zokuthambisa zinika ingqalelo ekuphefumleni kwaye zikhethe ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zolusu? Izinto zokuthambisa ezahlukeneyo, eneneni, iiglaze zethu ziyafana, kwimizimba eyahlukeneyo, sikwanazo neeglaze ezahlukeneyo zokuziqhelanisa nazo, iithayile zeseramikhi zitshiswe kanye, ndikhankanyile kwinqaku elidlulileyo: Kuya kuba ngcono ukusebenzisa izinto eziluhlaza ngakumbi ukuba umoya uphuzile kwaye ungenise iintsimbi zomhlaba ze-alkaline ezine-carbonate. Ukuba umzimba oluhlaza uphelelwe ngamandla kwangethuba, sebenzisa iifrits ezininzi okanye ungenise iintsimbi zomhlaba ze-alkaline ezine-divalent ezinezixhobo ezilahlekelwa kancinci. Umgaqo wokudinisa ngulo: ubushushu bomzimba oluhlaza buphantsi kakhulu kunobo beglaze, ukuze umphezulu ocwebezelayo ube mhle emva kokuba igesi engezantsi ikhutshiwe, kodwa kunzima ukuyifumana kwimveliso yokwenyani, kwaye indawo yokuthambisa yeglaze kufuneka ibuyiselwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kube lula ukuphuma komzimba.
2) Ukomisa nokutshisa ukulinganisa ukuncitshiswa
Wonke umntu unxiba impahla, kwaye kufuneka ikhululeke, okanye ukuba kukho ukungakhathali okuncinci, imithungo iya kuvulwa, kwaye i-glaze emzimbeni ifana neempahla esizinxibayo, kwaye kufuneka ilingane kakuhle! Ke ngoko, ukuncitshiswa kokoma kwe-glaze kufuneka kuhambelane nomzimba oluhlaza, kwaye akufuneki kube kukhulu kakhulu okanye kube kuncinci kakhulu, kungenjalo imingxunya iya kuvela ngexesha lokomiswa, kwaye isitena esigqityiweyo siya kuba neziphene. Ewe, ngokusekwe kumava kunye nenqanaba lobuchwephesha labasebenzi be-glaze yangoku Kuthiwa le ayisongxaki inzima ngoku, kwaye abalungisi beempazamo ngokubanzi nabo banobuchule kakhulu ekubambeni udongwe, ngoko ke imeko engentla ayibonakali rhoqo, ngaphandle kokuba iingxaki ezingentla zenzeka kwezinye iifektri ezineemeko ezinzima kakhulu zemveliso.
3) Ukuhambelana kwe-coefficient yokwandiswa
Ngokubanzi, i-expansion coefficient yomzimba oluhlaza inkulu kancinci kune-glaze, kwaye i-glaze iphantsi koxinzelelo oluxinzelelweyo emva kokudubula emzimbeni oluhlaza, ukuze uzinzo lobushushu be-glaze lube ngcono kwaye kungabi lula ukuyiqhekeza. Le yingcamango ekufuneka siyifunde xa sifunda ii-silicates. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo umhlobo wandibuza: kutheni i-expansion coefficient ye-glaze inkulu kuneyomzimba, ngoko ke imo yezitena iya kugoba, kodwa i-expansion coefficient ye-glaze incinci kuneyomzimba, ngoko ke imo yezitena igobile? Kusengqiqweni ukuthi emva kokuba ishushu kwaye yandiswa, i-glaze inkulu kunesiseko kwaye igobile, kwaye i-glaze incinci kunesiseko kwaye igobile…
Andingxami ukunika impendulo, makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni i-coefficient yokwandiswa kobushushu. Okokuqala, kufuneka ibe lixabiso. Luhlobo luni lwexabiso? Lixabiso levolumu yento etshintsha ngobushushu. Kaloku, ekubeni itshintsha "ngobushushu", iya kutshintsha xa ubushushu bunyuka buze buwe. I-coefficient yokwandiswa kobushushu esidla ngokuyibiza ngokuba yi-ceramics ngokwenene yi-coefficient yokwandiswa komthamo. I-coefficient yokwandiswa komthamo ngokubanzi inxulumene ne-coefficient yokwandiswa komgca, ephindwe kathathu kunokwandiswa komgca. I-coefficient yokwandiswa okulinganisiweyo ngokubanzi inesiseko, oko kukuthi, "kuluhlu oluthile lobushushu". Umzekelo, loluphi uhlobo lwe-curve elixabiso le-20-400 degrees Celsius ngokubanzi? Ukuba ugxininisa ekuthelekiseni ixabiso le-400 degrees ukuya kwi-600 degrees Kakade ke, akukho sigqibo sicacileyo esinokuthathwa kuthelekiso.
Emva kokuqonda ingcamango ye-expansion coefficient, masibuyele kwisihloko sokuqala. Emva kokuba iithayile zifudunyezwe kwi-oven, zinezigaba zokwanda kunye nokuncitshiswa. Masingazicingi ngotshintsho kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yokwanda kunye nokuncitshiswa kobushushu ngaphambili. Kutheni? Kuba, kubushushu obuphezulu, zombini umzimba oluhlaza kunye ne-glaze ziyiplastiki. Ukubeka ngokucacileyo, zithambile, kwaye impembelelo yomxhuzulane inkulu kunexinzelelo lwazo. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo, umzimba oluhlaza uthe tye kwaye uthe tye, kwaye i-expansion coefficient ayinampembelelo ingako. Emva kokuba ithayile ye-ceramic idlule kwicandelo lobushushu obuphezulu, iphola ngokukhawuleza kwaye iphola kancinci, kwaye ithayile ye-ceramic iba nzima ukusuka emzimbeni weplastiki. Njengoko ubushushu buncipha, ivolumu iyancitshiswa. Ewe kona, i-expansion coefficient inkulu, i-shrinkage inkulu, kwaye i-expansion coefficient incinci, i-shrinkage encinci ehambelanayo. Xa i-expansion coefficient yomzimba inkulu kune-glaze, umzimba uncipha ngaphezu kwe-glaze ngexesha lenkqubo yokupholisa, kwaye isitena sigobile; ukuba i-expansion coefficient yomzimba incinci kune-glaze, umzimba uyancitshiswa ngaphandle kwe-glaze ngexesha lenkqubo yokupholisa. Ukuba izitena zininzi kakhulu, izitena ziya kujika, ngoko ke akunzima ukuchaza le mibuzo ingasentla!
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-25-2024