Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ni eteri y'ingenzi ya cellulose itari ionic ikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, mu miti, mu biribwa, no mu binyabutabire bya buri munsi. Ubushyuhe ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubwiza n'ubushobozi bwa HPMC. Ntabwo igaragaza gusa imiterere ya rheological y'umuti wayo ahubwo inafitanye isano itaziguye n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukurura, kubika amazi, no gukora filime. Kugira ngo habeho ubwiza bw'umusaruro buhamye, gupima ubushyuhe bigomba gukorwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa siyansi kandi busanzwe bwo gupima ubushyuhe.
1. Ihame ry'ikizamini
HPMC ishonga mu mazi kugira ngo ikore umuti ubonerana cyangwa ubonerana. Uburemere bwayo bushingiye ahanini ku rugero rwa polymerization, urugero rwo gusimbuza, n'ubwinshi bw'umuti. Isuzuma ry'uburemere rigaragaza imiterere y'umuti wa HPMC upima ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'umuti mu gihe utemba ku bushyuhe runaka. Ibipimo bikunze gukorwa hakoreshejwe viscometer izunguruka (ubwoko bwa Brookfield) cyangwa viscometer izunguruka. Uburyo bwo kuzunguruka bukoreshwa cyane, kuko butanga ubumenyi bwihuse ku miterere yo kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'umuti ku muvuduko utandukanye wo kuzunguruka.
2. Amahame Rusange n'Ibipimo Bihuriweho by'Ibizamini
Muri iki gihe, isuzuma rya HPMC rishingira ahanini kuri ibi bikurikira:
Igipimo cy'Abashinwa: GB/T 12000 “Uburyo Rusange bwo Gupima Ethers za Selilulosi”
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya Amerika: ASTM D1347 “Uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima ibisubizo bya eteri ya selulosi”
Uburyo bwo gukora mu nganda: Ubushyuhe bupimwa hakoreshejwe umuti w’amazi wa 2% kuri 20°C hakoreshejwe viscometer izenguruka ya Brookfield.
Igipimo cy'umuti w'ikizamini muri rusange ni 2% (igice cy'uburemere), ariko amanota atandukanye ya HPMC ashobora no gusaba gupimwa kuri 1%, 2%, cyangwa hejuru y'ibipimo. Ubushyuhe bw'ikizamini bugomba kugenzurwa neza kuri 20±0.1°C, kuko ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe rishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bipimo by'ubushyuhe.
3. Uburyo bwo kugerageza
3.1. Gutegura Reagent n'ibikoresho
Isesengura ryimbitse (ubuhanga bwa 0.1 mg)
Viscometer izenguruka ya Brookfield (uruhererekane rwa LV rukunze kuboneka)
3.2. Amazi yo kwiyuhagira afite ubushyuhe buhoraho cyangwa ahantu hagenzurwa ubushyuhe
Amazi meza (yujuje ibisabwa na GB/T 6682 Grade III by'amazi)
Ifu yoza ifu n'agakoresho ko gukaraba
3.3. Gutegura igisubizo
Pima neza 2.00 g (± 0.01 g) y'icyitegererezo cya HPMC.
Shyira hafi 80% by'amazi meza (hafi 80 mL) mu gikombe hanyuma ushyushye kugeza kuri 80°C. Suka buhoro buhoro HPMC mu gikombe mu gihe uvangavanga kugira ngo wirinde gupfunyika.
Komeza kuvanga kugeza igihe HPMC itose neza kandi igatatana. Hanyuma, ongeramo amazi akonje asigaye hanyuma ukonjeshe kugeza ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba, ingano yose hamwe igere kuri 100 mL.
Shyira umuti muri firigo kuri dogere selisiyusi 4 mu ijoro ryose kugira ngo ubyimbe burundu kandi ukureho uduheri tw'umwuka.
3.4. Igipimo cy'ubucucike
Shyira umuti mu bwogero bw'amazi burimo ubushyuhe buhoraho, ukomeze ubushyuhe bwa 20 ± 0.1°C. Hitamo umugozi ukwiye (ubusanzwe nimero ya 2 cyangwa 3) n'umuvuduko (ubusanzwe nimero ya 30 rpm).
Tangira viscometer hanyuma wandike igipimo nyuma y’uko urushinge ruhagaze neza. Subiramo buri gipimo inshuro eshatu, hanyuma ufate impuzandengo nk'umusaruro wa nyuma.
Niba igipimo cy'umuvuduko kirenze urugero rw'igikoresho, simbura umuvuduko cyangwa uhindure uburyo gishyirwamo hanyuma wongere upime.
4. Amabwiriza yo kwirinda
Kugenzura ubushyuhe ni ingenzi cyane. Kuri buri kwiyongera kwa dogere selisiyusi 1, ubushyuhe bugabanukaho hafi 2% kugeza 3%.
Umuti ugomba gushonga burundu kandi nta tubuto tuwurimo, bitabaye ibyo igipimo kizaba gito cyangwa kigahinduka.
HPMC igaragaza ubushobozi bwo kugabanya ubukana bw'ibipimo, bityo umuvuduko n'igihe cyo gupima bigomba kugumaho buri gihe.
Amazi akoreshwa agomba kuba adafite umwanda n'iyoni kugira ngo hirindwe ko yangiza cyangwa ngo ahinduke.
Igikoresho kigomba gupimwa buri gihe, kandi agakoresho ko gusimbuza n'agakoresho k'icyitegererezo bigomba kuguma bisukuye.
5. Isesengura ry'Ibintu Bigira Ingaruka
Ingano ya Polymerization n'Ingano yo Gusimbuza: Uko HPMC irushaho kuba ndende, ni ko uruhererekane rw'ibinyabutabire rurushaho kuba rurerure kandi ni ko viscosity y'umuti iba myinshi. Ingano ya methoxy na hydroxypropoxy nayo igira ingaruka ku buryo ikora neza mu mazi no ku miterere y'umuti.
Ubwinshi: Ubwinshi bw'umuti n'ubucucike bifitanye isano rikomeye, ndetse n'impinduka nto mu bwinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bisubizo by'ibizamini. Ubushyuhe na pH: Ubushyuhe bwiyongera bugabanya ubucucike, mu gihe impinduka za pH muri rusange zigira ingaruka nke ku bucucike bwa HPMC kuko ari eteri ya cellulose idafite ionic.
Umuti wo gusaza: Ubushyuhe bushobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro nyuma yo kubibika igihe kirekire. Ni byiza ko ikizamini kiba cyarangiye mu masaha 24 uhereye igihe cyo kwitegura.
6. Itangwa ry'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi n'ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bigaragazwa muri mPa·s (milliPascals·segonda), urugero, “igisubizo cya 2%, 20°C, 20.000 mPa·s.” Mu bikorwa by'inganda,HPMCIngano z'ubushyuhe zikunze kugaragara mu bihumbi, nka 400 cps na 20.000 cps. Abakoresha bashobora guhitamo ingero zitandukanye hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu ikoreshwa n'imiterere y'ikoreshwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 30 Nyakanga-2025