01. Katundu wa sodium carboxymethylcellulose
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi anionic polymer electrolyte. Mlingo wa kusintha kwa CMC yogulitsa umachokera pa 0.4 mpaka 1.2. Kutengera kuyera kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi oyera kapena osakhala oyera.
1. Kukhuthala kwa yankho
Kukhuthala kwa yankho lamadzi la CMC kumawonjezeka mofulumira ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndipo yankho lili ndi mawonekedwe oyenda a pseudoplastic. Mayankho okhala ndi digiri yocheperako yosinthira (DS=0.4-0.7) nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi thixotropy, ndipo kukhuthala koonekera kumasintha pamene shear ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuchotsedwa ku yankho. Kukhuthala kwa yankho lamadzi la CMC kumachepa ndi kutentha kowonjezereka, ndipo izi zimatha kusinthidwa pamene kutentha sikupitirira 50 °C. Pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa nthawi yayitali, CMC imachepa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake glaze yotuluka imakhala yoyera mosavuta ndikuwonongeka posindikiza glaze yotuluka yopyapyala.
CMC yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga glaze iyenera kusankha chinthu chomwe chili ndi mphamvu zambiri zosinthira, makamaka glaze yotuluka magazi.
2. Zotsatira za pH pa CMC
Kukhuthala kwa madzi a CMC kumakhalabe kwabwinobwino pa pH yochuluka, ndipo kumakhala kokhazikika kwambiri pakati pa pH 7 ndi 9. Ndi pH
Mtengo umachepa, ndipo CMC imasinthasintha kuchoka pa mtundu wa mchere kupita ku mtundu wa asidi, womwe susungunuka m'madzi ndikugwa. Pamene pH ili yochepera 4, mawonekedwe ambiri a mchere amasanduka mawonekedwe a asidi ndikugwa. Pamene pH ili pansi pa 3, digiri ya kusintha imakhala yochepera 0.5, ndipo imatha kusintha kwathunthu kuchoka pa mtundu wa mchere kupita ku mtundu wa asidi. Mtengo wa pH wa kusintha kwathunthu kwa CMC ndi digiri yapamwamba ya kusintha (pamwamba pa 0.9) uli pansi pa 1. Chifukwa chake, yesani kugwiritsa ntchito CMC ndi digiri yapamwamba ya kusintha kwa glaze yotuluka.
3. Ubale pakati pa CMC ndi ayoni achitsulo
Ma ioni achitsulo a Monovalent amatha kupanga mchere wosungunuka m'madzi ndi CMC, zomwe sizingakhudze kukhuthala, kuwonekera bwino ndi zinthu zina za yankho lamadzi, koma Ag+ ndi yapadera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti yankho lizimira. Ma ioni achitsulo a Divalent, monga Ba2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, ndi zina zotero, amachititsa kuti yankho lizimira; Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, ndi zina zotero, sizikhudza yankho. Ma ioni achitsulo a Trivalent amapanga mchere wosasungunuka ndi CMC, kapena precipitate kapena gel, kotero ferric chloride singathe kupindika ndi CMC.
Pali kusatsimikizika pa zotsatira za CMC pa kulekerera mchere:
(1) Zimakhudzana ndi mtundu wa mchere wachitsulo, pH ya yankho ndi mlingo wa kusintha kwa CMC;
(2) Zikugwirizana ndi dongosolo losakaniza ndi njira ya CMC ndi mchere.
CMC yokhala ndi mlingo wapamwamba wosinthira imagwirizana bwino ndi mchere, ndipo zotsatira za kuwonjezera mchere mu yankho la CMC ndizabwino kuposa za madzi amchere.
CMC ndi yabwino. Chifukwa chake, pokonzekera osmotic glaze, nthawi zambiri sungunulani CMC m'madzi kaye, kenako onjezerani yankho la mchere wa osmotic.
02. Momwe mungazindikire CMC pamsika
Kugawidwa ndi chiyero
Kuyera kwambiri — zomwe zili mkati mwake zili pamwamba pa 99.5%;
Mulingo woyeretsedwa wa mafakitale — zomwe zili mkati mwake zili pamwamba pa 96%;
Zinthu zosaphika — zomwe zili mkati mwake ndi zoposa 65%.
Yogawidwa ndi kukhuthala
Mtundu wokhuthala kwambiri - 1% yankho lokhuthala ndi loposa 5 Pa s;
Mtundu wapakati wa kukhuthala - kukhuthala kwa yankho la 2% kuli pamwamba pa 5 Pa s;
Mtundu wochepa wa kukhuthala - kukhuthala kwa yankho la 2% kuposa 0.05 Pa·s.
03. Kufotokozera zitsanzo zodziwika bwino
Wopanga aliyense ali ndi mtundu wakewake, akuti pali mitundu yoposa 500. Mtundu wodziwika kwambiri uli ndi magawo atatu: X—Y—Z.
Kalata yoyamba ikuyimira kugwiritsa ntchito kwa mafakitale:
F - kalasi ya chakudya;
I——kalasi yamafakitale;
C - mtundu wa ceramic;
O - kalasi ya mafuta.
Kalata yachiwiri ikuyimira mulingo wa kukhuthala:
H - kukhuthala kwakukulu
M——kukhuthala kwapakati
L - kukhuthala kochepa.
Chilembo chachitatu chikuyimira mlingo wa kusintha, ndipo nambala yake yogawidwa ndi 10 ndiye mlingo weniweni wa kusintha kwa CMC.
Chitsanzo:
Chitsanzo cha CMC ndi FH9, chomwe chimatanthauza CMC yokhala ndi kalasi ya chakudya, kukhuthala kwakukulu komanso digiri yosinthira ya 0.9.
Chitsanzo cha CMC ndi CM6, zomwe zikutanthauza CMC ya ceramic grade, medium viscosity ndi substitution degree ya 0.6.
Mofananamo, palinso mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zamankhwala, nsalu ndi mafakitale ena, yomwe siipezeka kawirikawiri pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale a ceramic.
04. Miyezo Yosankha Makampani Opangidwa ndi Ceramic
1. Kukhazikika kwa kukhuthala
Ichi ndi chinthu choyamba chomwe chikufunika posankha CMC ya glaze.
(1) Kukhuthala sikusintha kwambiri nthawi iliyonse
(2) Kukhuthala kwa kutentha sikumasintha kwambiri.
2. thixotropy yaying'ono
Pakupanga matailosi opakidwa utoto, glaze slurry singakhale thixotropic, apo ayi idzakhudza ubwino wa pamwamba pake, choncho ndi bwino kusankha CMC yokwera chakudya. Pofuna kuchepetsa ndalama, opanga ena amagwiritsa ntchito CMC yokwera mafakitale, ndipo ubwino wa glaze umakhudzidwa mosavuta.
3. Samalani njira yoyesera kukhuthala
(1) Kuchuluka kwa CMC kuli ndi ubale wofanana ndi kukhuthala, kotero chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kulondola kwa kulemera;
(2) Samalani kufanana kwa yankho la CMC. Njira yoyesera yokhwima ndikusakaniza yankho kwa maola awiri musanayese kukhuthala kwake;
(3) Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri kukhuthala kwa thupi, choncho chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa ku kutentha kwa malo ozungulira panthawi yoyesa;
(4) Samalani ndi kusunga njira ya CMC kuti isawonongeke.
(5) Samalani kusiyana pakati pa kukhuthala ndi kusinthasintha.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-05-2023