01. Halayen sodium carboxymethylcellulose
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose wani nau'in lantarki ne na anionic polymer. Matsayin maye gurbin CMC na kasuwanci yana tsakanin 0.4 zuwa 1.2. Dangane da tsarkin, bayyanar foda fari ne ko fari.
1. Danko na maganin
Dankowar ruwan CMC yana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da ƙaruwar yawan ruwa, kuma ruwan yana da halayen kwararar ruwa ta pseudoplastic. Maganin da ke da ƙarancin maye gurbin ruwa (DS=0.4-0.7) galibi yana da thixotropy, kuma dankowar da ke bayyane zai canza lokacin da aka shafa ko aka cire shi a cikin ruwan. Dankowar ruwan CMC yana raguwa tare da ƙaruwar zafin jiki, kuma wannan tasirin yana iya canzawa lokacin da zafin bai wuce 50 °C ba. A mafi yawan zafin jiki na dogon lokaci, CMC zai lalace. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa gilashin jini yake da sauƙin canzawa fari kuma ya lalace lokacin da ake buga siraran layin zane mai zubar jini.
CMC da ake amfani da shi don yin glaze ya kamata ya zaɓi samfurin da ke da babban matakin maye gurbinsa, musamman gilashin zubar jini.
2. Tasirin ƙimar pH akan CMC
Danko na ruwan CMC ya kasance daidai a cikin kewayon pH mai faɗi, kuma ya fi daidaito tsakanin pH 7 da 9. Tare da pH
Ƙimar tana raguwa, kuma CMC tana canzawa daga siffar gishiri zuwa siffar acid, wanda ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa kuma yana fashewa. Lokacin da ƙimar pH ta ƙasa da 4, yawancin siffar gishirin yana juyawa zuwa siffar acid kuma yana fashewa. Lokacin da pH ta ƙasa da 3, matakin maye gurbin bai kai 0.5 ba, kuma yana iya canzawa gaba ɗaya daga siffar gishiri zuwa siffar acid. Ƙimar pH na cikakken canjin CMC tare da babban matakin maye gurbin (sama da 0.9) yana ƙasa da 1. Saboda haka, yi ƙoƙarin amfani da CMC tare da babban matakin maye gurbin gilashin zubar da ruwa.
3. Alaƙa tsakanin CMC da ions na ƙarfe
Ion ɗin ƙarfe mai siffar monovalent na iya samar da gishiri mai narkewa cikin ruwa tare da CMC, wanda ba zai shafi ɗanko, bayyananne da sauran halayen ruwan ba, amma Ag+ banda ne, wanda zai sa ruwan ya yi ambaliya. Ion ɗin ƙarfe mai siffar divalent, kamar Ba2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, da sauransu, suna sa ruwan ya yi ambaliya; Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, da sauransu ba su da wani tasiri a kan ruwan. Ion ɗin ƙarfe mai siffar trivalent suna samar da gishiri marasa narkewa tare da CMC, ko precipitate ko gel, don haka ba za a iya ƙara kauri ferric chloride da CMC ba.
Akwai rashin tabbas a cikin tasirin haƙurin gishiri na CMC:
(1) Yana da alaƙa da nau'in gishirin ƙarfe, ƙimar pH na maganin da kuma matakin maye gurbin CMC;
(2) Yana da alaƙa da tsarin haɗawa da hanyar CMC da gishiri.
CMC mai babban matakin maye gurbin yana da mafi kyawun jituwa da gishiri, kuma tasirin ƙara gishiri ga maganin CMC ya fi na ruwan gishiri.
CMC yana da kyau. Saboda haka, lokacin shirya osmotic glaze, yawanci ana narkar da CMC a cikin ruwa da farko, sannan a ƙara ruwan gishirin osmotic.
02. Yadda ake gane CMC a kasuwa
An rarraba ta hanyar tsarki
Tsafta mai girma - abun ciki ya wuce 99.5%;
Tsarkakken matakin masana'antu - abun ciki ya wuce kashi 96%;
Samfurin ɗanyen mai - abun da ke ciki ya wuce kashi 65%.
An rarraba ta hanyar danko
Nau'in danko mai yawa - danko mai 1% na maganin ya wuce 5 Pas s;
Nau'in matsakaicin danko - danko na maganin 2% ya wuce 5 Pas s;
Nau'in ƙarancin danko - danko na maganin kashi 2% sama da 0.05 Pa·s.
03. Bayani game da samfuran gama gari
Kowanne masana'anta yana da nasa samfurin, ana cewa akwai nau'ikan sama da 500. Mafi yawan samfurin ya ƙunshi sassa uku: X—Y—Z.
Harafin farko yana wakiltar amfani da masana'antu:
F - darajar abinci;
I——matakin masana'antu;
C - matakin yumbu;
O - matakin man fetur.
Harafi na biyu yana wakiltar matakin danko:
H - babban danko
M——matsakaicin danko
L - ƙarancin ɗanko.
Harafi na uku yana wakiltar matakin maye gurbin, kuma lambarsa da aka raba da 10 ita ce ainihin matakin maye gurbin CMC.
Misali:
Samfurin CMC shine FH9, wanda ke nufin CMC tare da matakin abinci, babban danko da matakin maye gurbin 0.9.
Samfurin CMC shine CM6, wanda ke nufin CMC na matakin yumbu, matsakaicin danko da matakin maye gurbin 0.6.
Haka kuma, akwai kuma maki da ake amfani da su a fannin likitanci, masaku da sauran masana'antu, waɗanda ba a cika samun su a fannin amfani da masana'antar yumbu ba.
04. Ka'idojin Zaɓin Masana'antar Yumbu
1. Daidaiton danko
Wannan shine sharaɗin farko don zaɓar CMC don glaze
(1) Danko ba ya canzawa sosai a kowane lokaci
(2) Danko ba ya canzawa sosai idan aka yi la'akari da yanayin zafi.
2. Ƙaramin thixotropy
A wajen samar da tayal ɗin gilashi, slurry ɗin gilashi ba zai iya zama thixotropic ba, in ba haka ba zai shafi ingancin saman gilashi, don haka ya fi kyau a zaɓi CMC mai ingancin abinci. Domin rage farashi, wasu masana'antun suna amfani da CMC mai ingancin masana'antu, kuma ingancin gilashi yana da sauƙin shafar.
3. Kula da hanyar gwajin danko
(1) Yawan CMC yana da alaƙa da ɗanko, don haka ya kamata a kula da daidaiton aunawa;
(2) Kula da daidaiton maganin CMC. Hanyar gwaji mai tsauri ita ce a juya maganin na tsawon awanni 2 kafin a auna dankonsa;
(3) Zafin jiki yana da tasiri sosai kan danko, don haka ya kamata a kula da zafin jiki na yanayi yayin gwajin;
(4) Kula da kiyaye maganin CMC don hana lalacewa.
(5) Kula da bambanci tsakanin danko da daidaito.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-05-2023