01. Nā waiwai o ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose
He electrolyte polymer anionic ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. ʻO ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka CMC kalepa mai 0.4 a 1.2. Ma muli o ka maʻemaʻe, he keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo paha ke ʻano o ka pauka.
1. Ka mānoanoa o ka hopena
Piʻi koke ka mānoanoa o ka wai CMC me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui, a he mau ʻano kahe pseudoplastic ko ka wai. ʻO nā wai me kahi haʻahaʻa o ka pani ʻana (DS = 0.4-0.7) he thixotropy pinepine, a e loli ka mānoanoa maopopo ke hoʻopili ʻia a wehe ʻia paha ka shear i ka wai. E emi ana ka mānoanoa o ka wai CMC me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, a hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia kēia hopena ke ʻole ka mahana ma mua o 50 °C. I ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hōʻino ʻia ka CMC. ʻO kēia ke kumu e maʻalahi ai ka glaze bleed e hoʻokeʻokeʻo a hōʻino i ka wā e paʻi ana i ka glaze bleed pattern laina lahilahi.
Pono ka CMC i hoʻohana ʻia no ka glaze e koho i kahi huahana me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pani ʻana, ʻoiai ka glaze kahe koko.
2. Ka hopena o ka waiwai pH ma CMC
ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka wai CMC e noho maʻamau i kahi pae pH ākea, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa ma waena o ka pH 7 a me 9. Me ka pH
E emi ana ka waiwai, a huli ka CMC mai ke ʻano paʻakai i ke ʻano waikawa, kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ke emi ka waiwai pH ma mua o 4, lilo ka hapa nui o ke ʻano paʻakai i ʻano waikawa a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ke emi ka pH ma lalo o 3, emi ka kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana ma mua o 0.5, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi piha mai ke ʻano paʻakai i ke ʻano waikawa. ʻO ka waiwai pH o ka hoʻololi piha ʻana o CMC me ke kekelē kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana (ma luna o 0.9) ma lalo o 1. No laila, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana i ka CMC me ke kekelē kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana no ka glaze seepage.
3. Pilina ma waena o CMC a me nā iona metala
Hiki i nā iona metala monovalent ke hana i nā paʻakai wai-hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me CMC, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka viscosity, transparency a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe o ka hopena wai, akā ʻo Ag+ kahi ʻokoʻa, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka hopena e precipitate. ʻO nā iona metala divalent, e like me Ba2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, etc. ke kumu o ka hopena e precipitate; ʻAʻohe hopena o Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, etc. i ka hopena. Hoʻokumu nā iona metala trivalent i nā paʻakai insoluble me CMC, a i ʻole precipitate a i ʻole gel, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomānoanoa ʻia ka ferric chloride me CMC.
Aia nā mea kānalua i ka hopena o ka CMC i ka paʻakai:
(1) Pili ia i ke ʻano o ka paʻakai metala, ka waiwai pH o ka hopena a me ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana o CMC;
(2) Pili ia i ke kauoha a me ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana o CMC a me ka paʻakai.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka CMC me nā paʻakai me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pani ʻana me nā paʻakai, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka paʻakai i ka hopena CMC ma mua o ka wai paʻakai.
Maikaʻi ʻo CMC. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka glaze osmotic, e hoʻoheheʻe mua i ka CMC i ka wai, a laila e hoʻohui i ka wai paʻakai osmotic.
02. Pehea e ʻike ai i ka CMC ma ka mākeke
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka maʻemaʻe
Papa maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ma mua o 99.5%;
Papa maʻemaʻe ʻoihana - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ma mua o 96%;
Huahana maka - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huahana ma mua o 65%.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka mānoanoa
ʻAno mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe - ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hopena 1% ma mua o 5 Pa s;
ʻAno mānoanoa waena - ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hopena 2% ma mua o 5 Pa s;
ʻAno mānoanoa haʻahaʻa - 2% mānoanoa o ka hopena ma luna o 0.05 Pa·s.
03. Ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kumu hoʻohālike maʻamau
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea hana kāna kumu hoʻohālike ponoʻī, ua ʻōlelo ʻia he ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mau ʻano. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike maʻamau loa he ʻekolu ʻāpana: X—Y—Z.
ʻO ka leka mua e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻoihana:
F - papa meaʻai;
I——papa ʻoihana;
C - papa seramika;
ʻO - ka pae petroleum.
Hōʻike ka leka ʻelua i ka pae viscosity:
H - mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe
M——mānoanoa waena
L - haʻahaʻa ka mānoanoa.
ʻO ke kolu o ka leka ke kū nei i ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana, a ʻo kona helu i puʻunaue ʻia e 10 ke kekelē maoli o ka pani ʻana o CMC.
Laʻana:
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o CMC ʻo FH9, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo CMC me ka papa meaʻai, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mānoanoa a me ke kekelē pani o 0.9.
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o CMC ʻo CM6, ʻo ia hoʻi ka CMC o ke ʻano seramika, ka mānoanoa waena a me ke kekelē pani o 0.6.
Pēlā nō, aia kekahi mau papa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka lole a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, kahi mea i loaʻa pinepine ʻole i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana seramika.
04. Nā Kūlana Koho ʻOihana Keramika
1. Paʻa o ka mānoanoa
ʻO kēia ke kūlana mua no ke koho ʻana iā CMC no ka glaze
(1) ʻAʻole loli nui ka mānoanoa i kēlā me kēia manawa
(2) ʻAʻole loli nui ka mānoanoa me ka mahana.
2. Thixotropy liʻiliʻi
I ka hana ʻana o nā tile glazed, ʻaʻole hiki ke thixotropic ka slurry glaze, inā ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ia i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili glazed, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i ka CMC papa meaʻai. I mea e hōʻemi ai i nā kumukūʻai, hoʻohana kekahi mau mea hana i ka CMC papa ʻoihana, a maʻalahi ka hoʻopilikia ʻia o ka maikaʻi o ka glaze.
3. E hoʻolohe i ke ʻano hoʻāʻo viscosity
(1) He pilina exponential ko ka nui o ka CMC me ka viscosity, no laila pono e uku ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka pololei o ke kaupaona ʻana;
(2) E makaʻala i ke ʻano like o ka hopena CMC. ʻO ke ʻano hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi, ʻo ia ke hoʻoulu i ka hopena no 2 mau hola ma mua o ke ana ʻana i kona mānoanoa;
(3) He mana koʻikoʻi ko ka mahana ma ka mānoanoa, no laila e pono e uku ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka mahana ambient i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana;
(4) E makaʻala i ka mālama ʻana i ka hopena CMC e pale aku i kona hōʻino ʻia.
(5) E hoʻolohe i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka mānoanoa a me ke kūlike.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Ian-05-2023