Dry-mixed mortar musanganiswa wezvinhu zvinosimbisa simende (simende, fly ash, slag powder, nezvimwewo), special graded fine aggregates (jecha requartz, corundum, nezvimwewo, uye dzimwe nguva zvinoda ma aggregates akareruka, akadai se ceramsite, expanded polystyrene, nezvimwewo). Granules, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, nezvimwewo) uye admixtures zvinosanganiswa zvakaenzana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwakati, uye zvinozoiswa mumabhegi, mabara kana kupihwa muhuwandu muchimiro cheupfu hwakaoma.
Zvichienderana nekushandiswa, kune mhando dzakawanda dzemadhaka ekutengeserana, akadai sedhaka reupfu hwakaoma rekugadzira masonry, dhaka reupfu hwakaoma rekuisa plaster, dhaka reupfu hwakaoma rekuisa ground, dhaka reupfu hwakaoma rekuisa ground rekudzivirira mvura, kuchengetedza kupisa nezvimwe zvinangwa. Muchidimbu, dhaka rakasanganiswa rakaoma rinogona kukamurwa kuita dhaka rakasanganiswa rakaoma (kugadzira, kuisa plaster uye dhaka rakasanganiswa rakaoma) uye dhaka rakasanganiswa rakaoma. Dhaka rakasanganiswa rakaoma rakakosha rinosanganisira: dhaka repasi rinozvienzanisa, zvinhu zvepasi zvinodzivirira kusakara, pasi risingatsve, inorganic caulking agent, dhaka risingatsve, dhaka re resin plastering, concrete surface protection material, dhaka rekupenda, nezvimwewo.
Saka madhaka akawanda akasanganiswa akaoma anoda kuti asanganiswe nemhando dzakasiyana uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekushanda dzigadzirwe kuburikidza nekuyedzwa kwakawanda. Zvichienzaniswa nedhaka rekare rekongiri, madhaka akasanganiswa akaoma anogona kushandiswa chete muchimiro cheupfu, uye chechipiri, anonyungudika mumvura inotonhora, kana kuti anonyungudika zvishoma nezvishoma pasi pesimba realkali kuti ashande zvakanaka.
1. Chinokora, chinochengetedza mvura uye chinosimbisa
Cellulose ether methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)uyehydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC)Zvese zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zve polymer zvechisikigo (zvakaita sedonje, nezvimwewo). Non-ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa nekurapwa nemakemikari. Inoratidzwa nekunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora, kuchengetwa kwemvura, kukora, kubatana, kugadzira firimu, kunyorova, kugadzikana kwenon-ionic uye pH. Kunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora kwerudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa kunovandudzwa zvikuru, uye kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura kunowedzerwa, hunhu hwekukora hunoonekwa, dhayamita yemabubble emhepo anounzwa idiki, uye mhedzisiro yekuvandudza simba rekubatanidza remortar inowedzerwa zvikuru.
Cellulose ether haina kungova nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana chete, asiwo ine huwandu hwakasiyana hweavhareji yehuremu hwemamorekuru uye viscosity kubva pa5mPa. s kusvika 200,000 mPa. s, kukanganisa mashandiro emota padanho idzva uye mushure mekuomesa kwakasiyanawo. Nhamba yakawanda yemiedzo inofanira kuitwa pakusarudza sarudzo chaiyo. Sarudza mhando yecellulose ine viscosity yakakodzera uye molecular weight range, dosage diki, uye isina air-entraining property. Nenzira iyi chete ndipo painogona kuwanikwa nekukasika. Kushanda kwakanaka kwehunyanzvi, asiwo ine hupfumi hwakanaka.
2. Upfu hwelatex hunonyungudika zvakare
Basa guru remuchina wekuomesa nderekuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kugadzikana kwemudziyo. Kunyangwe ichigona kudzivirira mudziyo kuti usatsemuke (kunonotsa mwero wekubuda kwemvura) kusvika pamwero wakati, kazhinji haishandiswi senzira yekuvandudza kusimba, kuramba kutsemuka uye kuramba mvura kwemudziyo. Maitiro ekuwedzera mapolymers kuti awedzere kusimba, kusimba, kuramba kutsemuka uye kuramba kusimba kwemudziyo nekongiri zvakaonekwa. Mapolymer emulsions anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakugadzirisa simbi yekongiri nekongiri yekongiri anosanganisira: neoprene rubber emulsion, styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion, polyacrylate latex, polyvinyl chloride, chlorine partial rubber emulsion, polyvinyl acetate, nezvimwewo. Nekuvandudzwa kwetsvakiridzo yesainzi, kwete chete mhedzisiro yekuchinja yemapolymers akasiyana yakadzidzwa zvakadzama, asiwo nzira yekuchinja, nzira yekudyidzana pakati pemapolymers nesimende, uye zvigadzirwa zve hydration yesimende zvakadzidzwawo mudzidziso. Kuongorora kwakadzama nekutsvagisa, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwesainzi yakaonekwa.
Polymer emulsion inogona kushandiswa mukugadzira mortar yakasanganiswa, asi zviri pachena kuti hazvigoneke kuishandisa zvakananga mukugadzira dry powder mortar, saka redispersible latex powder yakatanga. Parizvino, redispersible latex powder inoshandiswa mu dry powder mortar inonyanya kusanganisira: ① vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (VAC/E); ② vinyl acetate-tert-carbonate copolymer (VAC/VeoVa); ③ acrylate homopolymer (Acrylate); ④ vinyl acetate homopolymer (VAC); 4) styrene-acrylate copolymer (SA), nezvimwewo. Pakati pavo, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer ndiyo ine chiyero chikuru chekushandiswa.
Kushanda kwakaratidza kuti mashandiro eupfu hwelatex hunonyungudika zvakare akagadzikana, uye hune mhedzisiro isingaenzaniswi pakuvandudza simba rekubatanidza remortar, kuvandudza kusimba kwayo, kuchinja, kuramba kupwanyika uye kusapinda mvura, nezvimwewo. Kuwedzera hydrophobic latex powder yakagadzirwa ne polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, ethylene, vinyl laurate, nezvimwewo kunogonawo kuderedza zvakanyanya kunyudzwa kwemortar (nekuda kwekusapinda kwayo mumvura), zvichiita kuti mortar ipinde nemhepo uye isapinda mvura, zvichiita kuti irambe ichidzivirira mamiriro ekunze uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Zvichienzaniswa nekuvandudza simba rekuchinjika uye simba rekubatanidza remortar uye kuderedza kuputsika kwayo, mhedzisiro yeupunga welatex unonyungudika pakuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura yemortar uye kuwedzera kubatana kwayo ishoma. Sezvo kuwedzerwa kweupunga welatex unonyungudika kunogona kupararira uye kukonzera huwandu hwakawanda hwemhepo mumusanganiswa wemortar, mhedzisiro yayo yekuderedza mvura iri pachena. Ehe, nekuda kwechimiro chisina kunaka chemabubble emhepo akaunzwa, mhedzisiro yekuderedza mvura haina kuwedzera simba. Kusiyana neizvi, simba remortar richadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hweupunga welatex unonyungudika. Saka, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe mamortar anoda kufunga nezvesimba rekudzvanya uye rekutenderera, zvinowanzodiwa kuwedzera defoamer panguva imwe chete kuitira kuderedza mhedzisiro yakaipa yeupunga welatex pasimba rekudzvanya uye simba rekutenderera remortar.
3. Mushonga wekubvisa ganda
Nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kwe cellulose, starch ether uye zvinhu zvepolymer, hunhu hwemhepo inopinza muhari yacho pasina mubvunzo hwakawedzera, izvo zvinokanganisa simba rekumanikidza, simba reflexural uye simba rekubatanidza hari kune rumwe rutivi, uye zvinoderedza elastic modulus yayo; kune rumwe rutivi, Ine simba guru pakuonekwa kwehari, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kubvisa mabubble emhepo anounzwa muhari. Parizvino, ma defoamers eupfu hwakaoma anounzwa kunze kwenyika anonyanya kushandiswa muChina kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nekuda kwekunaka kwakanyanya kwehari, kubvisa mabubble emhepo hakusi nyore.
4. Mushonga unodzivirira kudonha
Pakunamira mataira eceramic, mabhodhi epolystyrene ane furo, uye kushandisa rabha powder polystyrene particle insulation mortar, dambudziko guru rinotarisana naro nderekudonha. Maitiro akaratidza kuti kuwedzera starch ether, sodium bentonite, metakaolin uye montmorillonite inzira inoshanda yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekudonha kwemortar mushure mekuvakwa. Mhinduro huru yedambudziko rekudonha ndeyekuwedzera kushushikana kwekutanga kwemortar, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera thixotropy yayo. Mukushandiswa kwayo, hazvisi nyore kusarudza mushonga wakanaka wekudzivirira kudonha, nekuti unofanirwa kugadzirisa hukama huripo pakati pethixotropy, kushanda zvakanaka, viscosity uye kudiwa kwemvura.
5. Chinokora
Dhaka rekupurasita, tile grout, dhaka rine ruvara rwakashongedzwa uye dhaka rakasanganiswa nemvura rinoshandiswa pamadziro ekunze edhaka rakatetepa rekudzivirira mvura, zvakakosha pakushanda kwedhaka risingapindi mvura kana kuti rinodzivirira mvura, izvo zvinoda kuwedzerwa mushonga unodzivirira mvura une upfu, asi rinofanira kuva nehunhu hunotevera: 1. Ita kuti dhaka rive risingapindi mvura, uye rirambe richishanda kwenguva refu; 1. Harina kukanganisa kwakaipa pasimba rekubatanidza pamusoro; 2. Zvimwe zvinodhaka zvinodzinga mvura zvinoshandiswa pamusika, zvakaita secalcium stearate, zvakaoma. Zvinokurumidza uye zvakaenzana kusanganiswa nedhaka resimende, hazvisi zvekuwedzera mvura zvinodzivirira mvura, kunyanya zvinhu zvekupurasita zvekuvaka nekugadzira michina.
Mushonga unodzivirira mvura une silane-based powder wakagadzirwa munguva pfupi yapfuura, unova mushonga une silane-powdered unowanikwa ne silane-drying protective colloids uye anti-caking agents. Kana dhaka rakasanganiswa nemvura, ganda rekudzivirira re colloid remushonga unodzivirira mvura rinonyunguduka nekukurumidza mumvura, uye rinoburitsa silane yakavharirwa kuti riparadzirwe mumvura inosanganiswa. Munzvimbo ine alkaline yakawanda mushure mekunyoroveswa kwesimende, mapoka e hydrophilic organic functional ari mu silane anonyungudutswa kuita mapoka e silanol ane reactive zvakanyanya, uye mapoka e silanol anoramba achiita zvinopesana nemapoka e hydroxyl muzvigadzirwa zve cement hydration kuti agadzire chemical bonds, kuitira kuti silane yakabatana pamwe chete ne cross-linking igare yakasimba pamusoro pemadziro e pore e cement mortar. Sezvo mapoka e hydrophobic organic functional anotarisana nekunze kwemadziro e pore, pamusoro pe pores unowana hydrophobicity, nokudaro zvichiunza hydrophobic effect yese kudhaka.
6. Zvinodzivisa Ubiquitin
Erythrothenic alkali inokanganisa runako rwesimbi yekushongedza yakagadzirwa nesimende, inova dambudziko rinowanzo fanirwa kugadziriswa. Sekureva kwemishumo, chinhu chinoshandiswa pakugadzira resin-based anti-pantherine chakagadzirwa munguva pfupi yapfuura, icho chiri upfu hunonyungudika hunogona kunyungudika zvakanaka. Chigadzirwa ichi chakakodzera kushandiswa mu relief coating, putties, caulks kana finishing mortar formulations uye chinoenderana zvakanaka nezvimwe zvinowedzera.
7. Faibha
Kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwefaibha mudura kunogona kuwedzera simba rekudhonza, kuwedzera kusimba, uye kuwedzera kusimba kwekuputika. Parizvino, faibha dzemakemikari nefaibha dzehuni zvinowanzo shandiswa mudura rakasanganiswa rakaoma. Faibha dzemakemikari, dzakadai se polypropylene staple fiber, polypropylene staple fiber, nezvimwewo. Mushure mekugadzirisa pamusoro, faibha idzi hadzingoparadzike zvakanaka chete, asiwo dzine huwandu hushoma, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza kusimba kwepurasitiki uye mashandiro ekupwanyika kwedura. Hunhu hwemakanika hahuna kukanganiswa zvakanyanya. Dhayamita yefaibha yehuni idiki, uye kutarisisa kunofanirwa kupihwa kuwedzera kwekuda kwemvura kwedura pakuwedzera faibha yehuni.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2024