Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kanye nesifinyezo semiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-cellulose ether ezahlukweni ezintathu, iziphetho eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo:
5.1 Isiphetho
1. I-Cellulose etheukukhishwa kwe-r ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zezitshalo
(1) Kwalinganiswa izingxenye zezinto ezinhlanu zokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo (umswakama, umlotha, ikhwalithi yokhuni, i-cellulose kanye ne-hemicellulose), kwathi kwakhethwa izinto ezintathu zezitshalo ezimele, uthuli lwephayini kanye notshani lukakolweni.
kanye ne-bagasse yokukhipha i-cellulose, kanti inqubo yokukhipha i-cellulose yenziwe ngcono. Ngaphansi kwezimo zenqubo ethuthukisiwe,
Ubumsulwa obulinganiselwe be-lignocellulose, i-wheat straw cellulose kanye ne-bagasse cellulose konke kwakungaphezu kuka-90%, kanti isivuno sazo sasingaphezu kuka-40%.
(2) Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwe-spectrum ye-infrared, kungabonakala ukuthi ngemva kokwelashwa, imikhiqizo ye-cellulose ikhishwe kutshani lukakolweni, i-bagasse kanye ne-pine sawdust
Ku-1510 cm-1 (ukudlidliza kwamathambo kwendandatho ye-benzene) kanye no-1730 cm-1 (ukumuncwa kokudlidliza okwelula kwe-carbonyl C=O engahlanganisiwe)
Kwakungekho ziqongo, okubonisa ukuthi i-lignin ne-hemicellulose kumkhiqizo okhishwe zisusiwe ngokuyisisekelo, kanti i-cellulose etholiwe yayinobumsulwa obuphezulu.
Kungabonakala kusukela ku-external absorption spectrum ukuthi okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwe-lignin kwehla njalo ngemva kwesinyathelo ngasinye sokwelashwa, futhi ukumuncwa kwe-UV kwe-cellulose etholiwe kuyancipha.
Ijika le-spectral elitholiwe laliseduze nejika le-spectral lokumuncwa kwe-ultraviolet le-potassium permanganate engenalutho, okubonisa ukuthi i-cellulose etholiwe yayimsulwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-X-ray diffraction kubonise ukuthi ukwakheka kwekristalu yomkhiqizo otholiwe kuthuthuke kakhulu.
2. Ukulungiswa kwama-ether e-cellulose
(1) Ukuhlolwa kwe-single factor kwasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono inqubo yokususa ikristalu ye-alkali egxilile ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwephayini cellulose;
Ukuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-single-factor kwenziwe ekulungiseleleni i-CMC, i-HEC kanye ne-HECMC kusuka ku-alkali cellulose yokhuni lwephayini, ngokulandelana.
Ukwenziwa ngcono. Ngaphansi kwezinqubo ezifanele zokulungiselela, i-CMC ene-DS efinyelela ku-1.237, i-HEC ene-MS efinyelela ku-1.657 yatholakala.
kanye ne-HECMC ene-DS engu-0.869. (2) Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-FTIR, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cellulose yokhuni lwephayini yokuqala, i-carboxymethyl ifakwe ngempumelelo ku-cellulose ether CMC.
Ku-cellulose ether HEC, iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lixhunywe ngempumelelo; ku-cellulose ether HECMC, iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lixhunywe ngempumelelo
Amaqembu e-Carboxymethyl kanye ne-hydroxyethyl.
(3) Kungatholakala ekuhlaziyweni kwe-H-NMR ukuthi iqembu le-hydroxyethyl lifakwa ku-HEC yomkhiqizo, kanti i-HEC itholakala ngokubala okulula.
izinga lokushintshana kwe-molar.
(4) Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-XRD, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cellulose yokhuni lwephayini yokuqala, ama-cellulose ethers i-CMC, i-HEC kanye ne-HEECMC ane-
Izinhlobo zekristalu zonke zashintsha zaba uhlobo lwe-cellulose II, futhi ukwakheka kwekristalu kwehla kakhulu.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether paste
(1) Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo ze-paste yokuqala: i-SA, i-CMC, i-HEC kanye ne-HECMC konke kuyizinto eziwuketshezi zepulasitiki, futhi
I-pseudoplasticity yama-ether amathathu e-cellulose ingcono kuneye-SA, futhi uma iqhathaniswa ne-SA, inenani eliphansi le-PVI, elifaneleka kakhulu ekuphrinteni amaphethini amahle.
Imbali; ukuhleleka kwesilinganiso sokwakheka kwe-paste yama-paste amane yilokhu: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; amandla okugcina amanzi e-paste yokuqala ye-CMC,
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Ukuhambisana kwe-urea kanye nosawoti ovimbela ukudaya i-S kufana ne-SA, futhi ukuzinza kokugcinwa kwe-paste yokuqala ye-CMC kungcono kune-SA, kodwa
Ukuhambisana kwe-HEC raw paste kubi kakhulu kunokuhambisana ne-SA;
Ukuhambisana kanye nokuqina kokugcinwa kwe-sodium bicarbonate kubi kakhulu kune-SA;
I-SA iyafana, kodwa amandla okugcina amanzi, ukuhambisana ne-sodium bicarbonate kanye nokuqina kokugcinwa kwe-HEECMC i-paste eluhlaza kuphansi kune-SA. (2) Ukusebenza kokuphrinta kwe-paste: Ukukhishwa kombala okubonakalayo kwe-CMC kanye nokuvuleka, umuzwa wokuphrinta, ukushesha kombala wokuphrinta, njll. konke kufana ne-SA.
futhi izinga lokuchithwa kwe-CMC lingcono kunele-SA; izinga lokuchithwa kwe-depaste kanye nomuzwa wokuphrinta we-HEC kufana ne-SA, kodwa ukubukeka kwe-HEC kungcono kune-SA.
Umthamo wombala, ukuvuleka kanye nokushesha kombala uma uhlikihla kuphansi kune-SA; umuzwa wokuphrinta we-HECMC, ukushesha kombala uma uhlikihla kufana ne-SA;
Isilinganiso sokunamathiswa siphakeme kune-SA, kodwa isivuno sombala esibonakalayo kanye nokuqina kwesitoreji se-HECMC kuphansi kune-SA.
5.2 Izincomo
Kusukela kumphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-5.1 cellulose ether paste ingatholakala, i-cellulose ether paste ingasetshenziswa ku-active
Ama-paste okunyathelisa ngodayi, ikakhulukazi ama-ether e-anionic cellulose. Ngenxa yokwethulwa kweqembu le-hydrophilic carboxymethyl, i-six-members
Ukusabela kweqembu eliyinhloko le-hydroxyl eringini, kanye neshaja engemihle ngemva kwe-ionization ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungakhuthaza ukudaya imicu ngamadayi asebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, sekukonke,
Umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether yokunyathelisa i-paste awumuhle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinga lokushintsha noma ukushintsha kwe-molar kwe-cellulose ether.
Ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokushintsha, ukulungiswa kwama-ether e-cellulose anezinga eliphezulu lokushintsha noma izinga eliphezulu lokushintsha ama-molar kudinga ukufundwa okwengeziwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-08-2022