Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem cellulose ether hauv peb tshooj, cov lus xaus tseem ceeb yog raws li nram no:
5.1 Xaus Lus
1. Cellulose ether rho tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov nroj tsuag
(1) Cov khoom xyaw ntawm tsib cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov nroj tsuag (dej noo, tshauv, zoo ntawm ntoo, cellulose thiab hemicellulose) tau ntsuas, thiab peb cov khoom siv sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ntoo thuv sawdust thiab cov quav nplej, tau xaiv.
thiab bagasse los rho tawm cellulose, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cellulose extraction tau optimized. Nyob rau hauv optimized txheej txheem mob, lub
Qhov purity ntawm lignocellulose, nplej straw cellulose thiab bagasse cellulose yog siab tshaj 90%, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig yog siab tshaj 40%.
(2) Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub spectrum infrared, nws tuaj yeem pom tias tom qab kev kho mob, cov khoom cellulose rho tawm los ntawm cov nplej straw, bagasse thiab ntoo thuv sawdust
Ntawm 1510 cm-1 (kev co ntawm lub pob txha ntawm lub nplhaib benzene) thiab nyob ib puag ncig 1730 cm-1 (kev ncab kev co ntawm cov carbonyl C=O uas tsis sib txuas)
Tsis muaj cov ncov, qhia tias lignin thiab hemicellulose hauv cov khoom rho tawm tau raug tshem tawm, thiab cov cellulose tau txais muaj qhov huv siab. los ntawm ntshav
Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov spectrum nqus sab nraud uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm lignin txo qis tas li tom qab txhua kauj ruam ntawm kev kho mob, thiab UV nqus ntawm cov cellulose tau txais txo qis.
Qhov nkhaus spectral tau txais ze rau qhov nkhaus spectral absorption ultraviolet ntawm cov poov tshuaj permanganate dawb paug, qhia tias cov cellulose tau txais yog qhov huv si. los ntawm X
Kev tshuaj xyuas X-ray diffraction qhia tau hais tias qhov sib piv ntawm crystallinity ntawm cov khoom cellulose tau txais tau zoo heev.
2. Kev npaj cov cellulose ethers
(1) Qhov kev sim ib qho xwb tau siv los ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem ua ntej alkali decrystallization ntawm cov ntoo thuv cellulose;
Cov kev sim orthogonal thiab cov kev sim ib yam nkaus tau ua tiav rau kev npaj CMC, HEC thiab HECMC los ntawm cov ntoo thuv alkali cellulose, raws li.
kev ua kom zoo dua. Raws li cov txheej txheem npaj zoo tshaj plaws, CMC nrog DS txog li 1.237, HEC nrog MS txog li 1.657 tau txais.
thiab HECMC nrog DS ntawm 0.869. (2) Raws li FTIR kev tshuaj xyuas, piv nrog cov cellulose ntoo thuv thawj, carboxymethyl tau ua tiav ntxig rau hauv cellulose ether CMC.
Hauv cellulose ether HEC, pawg hydroxyethyl tau txuas nrog zoo; hauv cellulose ether HECMC, pawg hydroxyethyl tau txuas nrog zoo
Cov pab pawg Carboxymethyl thiab hydroxyethyl.
(3) Nws tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm H-NMR kev tshuaj xyuas uas hydroxyethyl pawg tau qhia rau hauv cov khoom HEC, thiab HEC tau txais los ntawm kev xam yooj yim.
degree ntawm kev hloov pauv molar.
(4) Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas XRD, piv nrog cov cellulose ntoo thuv thawj, cov cellulose ethers CMC, HEC thiab HEECMC muaj ib
Cov qauv siv lead ua tau hloov pauv mus rau cellulose hom II, thiab qhov crystallinity tau txo qis heev.
3. Daim ntawv thov ntawm cellulose ether paste
(1) Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj nplaum qub: SA, CMC, HEC thiab HECMC yog cov kua pseudoplastic, thiab
Qhov pseudoplasticity ntawm peb lub cellulose ethers zoo dua li ntawm SA, thiab piv nrog SA, nws muaj tus nqi PVI qis dua, uas yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau kev luam tawm cov qauv zoo.
Paj; qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm plaub qhov sib xyaw ua ke yog: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; lub peev xwm tuav dej ntawm CMC thawj cov sib xyaw,
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Qhov sib xws ntawm urea thiab cov ntsev tiv thaiv kev pleev xim S zoo ib yam li SA, thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm CMC thawj cov tshuaj nplaum zoo dua li SA, tab sis qhov
Qhov sib xws ntawm HEC raw paste yog qhov phem dua li ntawm SA;
Qhov sib xws thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm sodium bicarbonate yog qhov phem dua li SA;
SA zoo sib xws, tab sis lub peev xwm tuav dej, kev sib raug zoo nrog sodium bicarbonate thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm HEECMC raw paste qis dua SA. (2) Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev luam ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj nplaum: CMC pom tseeb xim thiab permeability, kev xav luam ntawv, kev luam ntawv xim ceev, thiab lwm yam yog txhua yam sib piv rau SA.
thiab qhov depaste tus nqi ntawm CMC zoo dua li ntawm SA; qhov depaste tus nqi thiab kev luam ntawv ntawm HEC zoo ib yam li SA, tab sis qhov tsos ntawm HEC zoo dua li ntawm SA.
Xim ntim, permeability thiab xim ceev rau kev sib txhuam qis dua SA; HECMC luam ntawv xav, xim ceev rau kev sib txhuam zoo ib yam li SA;
Qhov piv ntawm cov nplaum yog siab dua SA, tab sis cov xim pom tseeb thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm HECMC qis dua SA.
5.2 Cov Lus Qhia
Los ntawm daim ntawv thov cov nyhuv ntawm 5.1 cellulose ether paste tuaj yeem tau txais, cellulose ether paste tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom siv nquag
Cov tshuaj nplaum luam ntawv zas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog anionic cellulose ethers. Vim yog qhov kev qhia txog hydrophilic pawg carboxymethyl, rau-membered
Qhov reactivity ntawm thawj hydroxyl pawg ntawm lub nplhaib, thiab qhov tsis zoo tom qab ionization tib lub sijhawm, tuaj yeem txhawb kev dyeing ntawm cov fibers nrog cov reactive dyes. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho,
Daim ntawv thov cov nyhuv ntawm cellulose ether luam ntawv nplaum tsis zoo heev, feem ntau yog vim qhov degree ntawm kev hloov pauv lossis molar hloov pauv ntawm cellulose ether.
Vim yog qib qis ntawm kev hloov pauv, kev npaj cov cellulose ethers nrog qib siab hloov pauv lossis qib siab hloov pauv molar xav tau kev kawm ntxiv.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-08-2022