Nā hopena hoʻāʻo cellulose ether

Ma o ka nānā ʻana a me ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o nā hopena hoʻāʻo cellulose ether ma nā mokuna ʻekolu, penei nā hopena nui:

5.1 Hopena

1. ʻEtela celluloseka unuhi ʻana mai nā mea kanu maka

(1) Ua ana ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā mea kanu maka ʻelima (ka makū, ka lehu, ke ʻano o ka lāʻau, ka cellulose a me ka hemicellulose), a ua koho ʻia ʻekolu mau mea kanu, ka paina sawdust a me ka palaoa.

a me ka bagasse e unuhi i ka cellulose, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka unuhi ʻana o ka cellulose. Ma lalo o nā kūlana hana i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia, ʻo ka

ʻOi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ka lignocellulose, ka cellulose mauʻu palaoa a me ka bagasse cellulose ma luna o 90%, a ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou hua ma luna o 40%.

(2) Mai ka nānā ʻana o ka spectrum infrared, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, ua unuhi ʻia nā huahana cellulose mai ka ʻōpala palaoa, bagasse a me ka paina sawdust

Ma 1510 cm-1 (ka haʻalulu iwi o ke apo benzene) a ma kahi o 1730 cm-1 (ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ka haʻalulu o ka carbonyl C=O i hoʻohui ʻole ʻia)

ʻAʻohe piko, e hōʻike ana ua wehe ʻia ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose i loko o ka huahana i unuhi ʻia, a he maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe ka cellulose i loaʻa. e ka poni

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka spectrum absorption o waho e emi mau ana ka nui o ka lignin ma hope o kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu o ka mālama ʻana, a emi iho ka absorption UV o ka cellulose i loaʻa.

Ua kokoke ke kiʻikuhi spectral i loaʻa i ke kiʻikuhi spectral absorption ultraviolet o ka potassium permanganate blank, e hōʻike ana he maʻemaʻe ka cellulose i loaʻa. e X

Ua hōʻike ka loiloi diffraction X-ray ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka crystallinity pili o ka cellulose huahana i loaʻa.

2. Hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā ethers cellulose

(1) Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻokolohua kumu hoʻokahi e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaʻina hana mua o ka decrystallization alkali i hoʻopaʻa ʻia o ka cellulose paina;

Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hoʻokolohua orthogonal a me nā hoʻokolohua kumu hoʻokahi ma ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o CMC, HEC a me HECMC mai ka cellulose alkali lāʻau paina.

hoʻonui. Ma lalo o nā kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau kūpono, ua loaʻa ʻo CMC me DS a hiki i ka 1.237, HEC me MS a hiki i ka 1.657.

a me HECMC me ka DS o 0.869. (2) Wahi a ka loiloi FTIR, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cellulose lāʻau paina mua, ua hoʻokomo pono ʻia ka carboxymethyl i loko o ka cellulose ether CMC.

I loko o ka cellulose ether HEC, ua hoʻopili pono ʻia ka hui hydroxyethyl; i loko o ka cellulose ether HECMC, ua hoʻopili pono ʻia ka hui hydroxyethyl

Nā hui carboxymethyl a me hydroxyethyl.

(3) Hiki ke loaʻa mai ka loiloi H-NMR ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui hydroxyethyl i loko o ka huahana HEC, a loaʻa ʻo HEC ma ka helu maʻalahi.

ke kekelē molar o ka pani ʻana.

(4) Wahi a ka loiloi XRD, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cellulose lāʻau paina mua, loaʻa i nā ethers cellulose CMC, HEC a me HEECMC kahi

Ua loli nā ʻano kristal a pau i ka cellulose type II, a ua emi nui ka crystallinity.

3. Ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hoʻopili cellulose ether

(1) Nā waiwai kumu o ka hoʻopili mua: ʻO SA, CMC, HEC a me HECMC he mau wai pseudoplastic āpau, a

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pseudoplasticity o nā ethers cellulose ʻekolu ma mua o ko SA, a i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SA, he haʻahaʻa ka waiwai PVI, ʻoi aku ka kūpono no ka paʻi ʻana i nā ʻano maʻamau.

Pua; ʻo ke kaʻina o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka paste o nā paste ʻehā: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; ka hiki ke paʻa wai o ka paste kumu CMC,

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Ua like ka launa pū ʻana o ka urea a me ka paʻakai anti-staining S me SA, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa o ka mālama ʻana o ka CMC kumu paste ma mua o SA, akā ʻo ka

ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka launa pū ʻana o ka HEC raw paste ma mua o ko SA;

ʻOi aku ka ʻino o ka launa pū ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa o ka mālama ʻana o ka sodium bicarbonate ma mua o SA;

Ua like ka SA, akā ʻo ka hiki ke paʻa i ka wai, ka kūlike me ka sodium bicarbonate a me ke kūpaʻa o ka mālama ʻana o ka paʻi maka HEECMC ua haʻahaʻa ma mua o SA. (2) Hana paʻi o ka paʻi: ʻO ka hua kala CMC a me ka permeability, ka manaʻo paʻi, ka paʻa ʻana o ke kala paʻi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ua like ia me SA.

a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka helu depaste o CMC ma mua o SA; ua like ka helu depaste a me ke ʻano paʻi o HEC me SA, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano o HEC ma mua o SA.

ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui o ke kala, ka permeability a me ka paʻa o ke kala i ka hamo ʻana ma mua o SA; ʻO ka manaʻo paʻi HECMC, ua like ka paʻa o ke kala i ka hamo ʻana me SA;

ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lakio hoʻopili ma mua o SA, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kala a me ke kūpaʻa o ka mālama ʻana o HECMC ma mua o SA.

5.2 Nā Manaʻo

Mai ka hopena noi o 5.1 cellulose ether paste hiki ke loaʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cellulose ether paste i ka hana

Nā mea hoʻopili paʻi kala, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā ethers cellulose anionic. Ma muli o ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka hui hydrophilic carboxymethyl, ʻeono lālā

ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o ka hui hydroxyl mua ma ke apo, a me ka uku maikaʻi ʻole ma hope o ka ionization i ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o nā olonā me nā dyes reactive. Eia naʻe, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa,

ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka hopena o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka cellulose ether, ʻo ke kumu nui ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pani ʻana a i ʻole ka pani molar o ka cellulose ether.

Ma muli o ke kekelē haʻahaʻa o ka pani ʻana, pono e hoʻopaʻa hou ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā ethers cellulose me ke kekelē pani kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kekelē pani molar kiʻekiʻe.