Mā te tātari me te whakarāpopototanga o ngā hua whakamātautau cellulose ether i roto i ngā upoko e toru, ko ngā whakatau matua koia ēnei:
5.1 Whakamutunga
1. Te etereti cellulosete tangohanga r mai i ngā rauemi mata o te tipu
(1) I inehia ngā wāhanga o ngā rauemi mata e rima o te tipu (makuku, pungarehu, kounga o te rakau, cellulose me te hemicellulose), ā, e toru ngā rauemi tipu e tohu ana i te tipu, arā, te puehu paina me te kakau witi, i tīpakohia.
me te bagasse hei tango i te cellulose, ā, i arotauhia te tukanga tango cellulose. I raro i ngā tikanga tukanga kua arotauhia, ko te
Neke atu i te 90% te parakore o te lignocellulose, te cellulose kakau witi me te cellulose bagasse, ā, neke atu i te 40% te hua.
(2) Mai i te tātaritanga o te whānuitanga o te hihi infrared, ka kitea i muri i te maimoatanga, ko ngā hua cellulose i tangohia mai i te kakau witi, te bagasse me te puehu paina
I te 1510 cm-1 (te wiri angaanga o te mowhiti benzene) me te tata ki te 1730 cm-1 (te totoro o te mimiti wiri o te carbonyl C=O kore-honohono)
Kāore he tihi i kitea, e tohu ana kua tangohia te lignin me te hemicellulose i roto i te hua i tangohia, ā, he tino parakore te cellulose i whiwhihia. mā te papura
Ka kitea mai i te whānuitanga mimiti o waho ka heke haere tonu te nui o te lignin i muri i ia taahiraa o te maimoatanga, ā, ka heke te mimiti UV o te cellulose i whiwhihia.
I tata te kōpiko hihi i whiwhihia ki te kōpiko hihi mimiti ultraviolet o te pāhare pākawa waro, e tohu ana he parakore te cellulose i whiwhihia. nā X
I whakaatuhia e te tātaritanga whatuwhatu hihi-X kua tino pai ake te matotorutanga whanaunga o te hua cellulose i whiwhihia.
2. Te whakarite i ngā etera cellulose
(1) I whakamahia te whakamātautau tauwehe kotahi hei arotau i te tukanga maimoatanga mua o te wetewete kawakore kukū o te cellulose paina;
I whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau orthogonal me ngā whakamātautau tauwehe-kotahi ki te whakarite i te CMC, te HEC me te HECMC mai i te cellulose alkali rakau paina.
arotautanga. I raro i ngā tukanga whakarite tino pai, i whiwhihia te CMC me te DS tae atu ki te 1.237, te HEC me te MS tae atu ki te 1.657.
me te HECMC me te DS o te 0.869. (2) E ai ki te tātari FTIR, i whakaritea ki te cellulose rakau paina taketake, i whakaurua angitu te carboxymethyl ki roto i te cellulose ether CMC.
I roto i te cellulose ether HEC, i honoa angitu te rōpū hydroxyethyl; i roto i te cellulose ether HECMC, i honoa angitu te rōpū hydroxyethyl
Ngā rōpū carboxymethyl me te hydroxyethyl.
(3) Ka taea te tiki mai i te tātaritanga H-NMR ka whakaurua te rōpū hydroxyethyl ki roto i te hua HEC, ā, ka whiwhihia te HEC mā te tatau māmā.
te nekehanga molar o te whakakapinga.
(4) E ai ki te tātaritanga XRD, ki te whakatauritea ki te cellulose rakau paina taketake, he rite te nui o ngā cellulose ethers CMC, HEC me HEECMC ki
I huri katoa ngā āhua tioata ki te momo cellulose II, ā, i tino heke te kaha o te tioata.
3. Te whakamahinga o te whakapiri cellulose ether
(1) Ngā āhuatanga taketake o te whakapiri taketake: Ko te SA, te CMC, te HEC me te HECMC he wai rūpahu katoa, ā,
He pai ake te āhua rūpahu o ngā etera cellulose e toru i tō te SA, ā, ki te whakaritea ki te SA, he iti ake te uara PVI, he pai ake mō te tā i ngā tauira angiangi.
Puawai; ko te raupapa o te tere hanga whakapiri o ngā whakapiri e whā ko: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; te kaha pupuri wai o te whakapiri taketake CMC,
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He rite te hototahitanga o te urea me te tote ārai-waikura S ki te SA, ā, he pai ake te pumau o te rokiroki o te whakapiri taketake CMC i te SA, engari ko te
He kino ake te hototahitanga o te whakapiri mata HEC i tērā o te SA;
He kino ake te hototahitanga me te pumau o te rokiroki o te konutai paikāpōnate i te SA;
He rite tonu te SA, engari ko te kaha pupuri wai, te hototahi ki te konutai paikāpōnate me te pumau rokiroki o te whakapiri mata HEECMC he iti iho i te SA. (2) Te mahi tā o te whakapiri: Ko te putanga tae me te urunga tae CMC, te ahua tā, te pumau tae tā, me ētahi atu he rite katoa ki te SA.
ā, he pai ake te tere tango i te CMC i tērā o te SA; he rite te tere tango me te āhua tā o te HEC ki te SA, engari he pai ake te āhua o te HEC i tērā o te SA.
He iti iho te rōrahi tae, te uruhanga me te pumau tae ki te mirimiri i te SA; he rite te ahua o te tā HECMC, te pumau tae ki te mirimiri ki te SA;
He teitei ake te ōwehenga whakapiri i te SA, engari he iti iho te hua tae kitea me te pumau rokiroki o te HECMC i te SA.
5.2 Ngā Taunakitanga
Mai i te pānga tono o te 5.1 cellulose ether paste ka taea te whiwhi, ka taea te whakamahi i te cellulose ether paste i roto i te kaha
Ngā whakapiri tā tae, inā koa ngā ether cellulose anionic. Nā te whakaurunga mai o te rōpū hydrophilic carboxymethyl, ko te ono-mema
Mā te tauhohenga o te rōpū hydroxyl tuatahi i runga i te mowhiti, me te utu kino i muri i te ionization i te wā kotahi, ka taea te whakatairanga i te tae o ngā muka me ngā tae tauhohenga. Heoi, i te nuinga o te wā,
Kāore i te tino pai te pānga o te whakapiri tā cellulose ether, nā te nui o te whakakapinga, te whakakapinga molar rānei o te cellulose ether.
Nā te iti o te whakakapinga, me rangahau anō te whakaritenga o ngā cellulose ethers me te nekehanga whakakapinga teitei, te nekehanga whakakapinga molar teitei rānei.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-08-2022