Site na nyocha na nchịkọta nke nsonaazụ ule cellulose ether na isiakwụkwọ atọ ahụ, isi ihe ndị a bụ:
5.1 Mmechi
1. Cellulose ether mwepụta site na ihe ọkụkụ
(1) A tụrụ ihe ndị mejupụtara ihe ise e ji osisi rụọ (mmiri, ntụ, ịdị mma osisi, cellulose na hemicellulose), a họpụtakwara ihe atọ e ji osisi mee, ihe e ji osisi kpụọ na ahịhịa ọka wit.
na bagasse iji wepụta cellulose, e mekwara ka usoro mwepụ cellulose ka mma. N'okpuru ọnọdụ usoro kachasị mma,
Ịdị ọcha nke lignocellulose, wheat straw cellulose na bagasse cellulose niile karịrị 90%, ihe ha rụpụtara karịrị 40%.
(2) Site na nyocha nke spectrum infrared, a pụrụ ịhụ na mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, ngwaahịa cellulose ewepụtara site na ahịhịa wit, bagasse na sawdust pain
Na 1510 cm-1 (mkpọtụ ọkpụkpụ nke mgbanaka benzene) na ihe dị ka 1730 cm-1 (mgbatị nke carbonyl C=O nke na-anaghị ejikọta ọnụ)
Enweghị oke elu ọ bụla, nke na-egosi na ewepụrụ lignin na hemicellulose dị na ngwaahịa ewepụtara n'ụzọ bụ isi, cellulose enwetara nwekwara ịdị ọcha dị elu site na odo odo.
A pụrụ ịhụ site na mpụta absorption spectrum na ọdịnaya nke lignin na-ebelata mgbe niile mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ ọ bụla gasịrị, na mmịpụta UV nke cellulose enwetara na-ebelata.
Usoro spectral enwetara dị nso na usoro spectral absorption ultraviolet nke potassium permanganate efu, na-egosi na cellulose enwetara dị ọcha. site na X
Nnyocha nke X-ray diffraction gosiri na e mekwara ka kristal dị n'ime cellulose ngwaahịa e nwetara ka mma nke ukwuu.
2. Nkwadebe nke cellulose ethers
(1) E jiri nnwale otu ihe ahụ mee ihe iji mee ka usoro ọgwụgwọ tupu ọgwụgwọ nke pine cellulose ka mma;
E mere nnwale orthogonal na nnwale otu ihe na nkwadebe nke CMC, HEC na HECMC site na mkpụrụ osisi pine alkali cellulose, n'otu n'otu.
Nhazi. N'okpuru usoro nkwadebe kacha mma, enwetara CMC nwere DS ruo 1.237, HEC nwere MS ruo 1.657.
na HECMC nwere DS nke 0.869. (2) Dịka nyocha FTIR si dị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere cellulose osisi pine mbụ, e tinyere carboxymethyl n'ime cellulose ether CMC nke ọma.
Na cellulose ether HEC, e jikọtara otu hydroxyethyl nke ọma; na cellulose ether HECMC, e jikọtara otu hydroxyethyl nke ọma
Ndị otu Carboxymethyl na hydroxyethyl.
(3) Enwere ike nweta ya site na nyocha H-NMR na a na-ewebata otu hydroxyethyl n'ime ngwaahịa HEC, a na-enwetakwa HEC site na ngụkọ dị mfe.
oke molar nke nnọchi.
(4) Dịka nyocha XRD si dị, ma e jiri ya tụnyere cellulose osisi pine mbụ, cellulose ethers CMC, HEC na HEECMC nwere
Ụdị kristal ahụ niile gbanwere gaa na ụdị cellulose nke abụọ, ịdị mma nke kristal ahụ belatara nke ukwuu.
3. Itinye ihe ether cellulose n'ọrụ
(1) Njirimara bụ isi nke mado mbụ ahụ: SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC bụ mmiri mmiri pseudoplastic niile, na
Ọdịdị pseudoplasticity nke cellulose ethers atọ ahụ ka mma karịa nke SA, ma e jiri ya tụnyere SA, ọ nwere uru PVI dị ala, nke dabara adaba maka ibipụta ụkpụrụ dị mma.
Okooko osisi; usoro nke usoro mmepụta mado nke mado anọ ahụ bụ: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; ikike ijide mmiri nke mado mbụ CMC,
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Ndakọrịta nke urea na nnu S na-egbochi ntụpọ yiri SA, nchekwa nke mado mbụ nke CMC ka mma karịa SA, mana
Ndakọrịta nke HEC raw paste dị njọ karịa nke SA;
Ndakọrịta na nchekwa nke sodium bicarbonate dị njọ karịa SA;
SA yiri nke ahụ, mana ikike ijide mmiri, ndakọrịta ya na sodium bicarbonate na nkwụsi ike nchekwa nke HEECMC raw mado dị ala karịa SA. (2) Arụmọrụ mbipụta nke mado: Mmụba agba na ikike CMC, mmetụta mbipụta, ọsọ agba mbipụta, wdg. niile yiri SA.
na ọnụego depaste nke CMC ka mma karịa nke SA; ọnụego depaste na mmetụta mbipụta nke HEC yiri SA, mana ọdịdị nke HEC ka mma karịa nke SA.
Olu agba, ikike ịchacha na ọsọ agba dị ala karịa SA; Mmetụta mbipụta HECMC, ọsọ agba na ọsọ agba yiri SA;
Oke mmado ahụ dị elu karịa SA, mana mmụba agba na nkwụsi ike nchekwa nke HECMC dị ala karịa SA.
5.2 Ndụmọdụ
Site na mmetụta ngwa nke 5.1 cellulose ether mado enwere ike nweta, enwere ike iji cellulose ether mado mee ihe na-arụ ọrụ
Mkpọ e ji agba agba mee, ọkachasị ihe ndị na-eme ka e ji ígwè rụọ. N'ihi mmalite nke otu hydrophilic carboxymethyl, ihe ndị mejupụtara isii ahụ dị n'ime ya.
Mmeghachi omume nke otu hydroxyl mbụ dị na mgbanaka ahụ, na ụgwọ na-adịghị mma mgbe ionization gasịrị n'otu oge ahụ, nwere ike ịkwalite agba nke eriri site na iji agba reactive. Agbanyeghị, n'ozuzu ya,
Mmetụta nke mado ether cellulose dị na ya adịghị mma nke ukwuu, ọkachasị n'ihi oke nnọchi ma ọ bụ nnọchi molar nke cellulose ether.
N'ihi obere ọkwa nke nnọchi, nkwadebe nke cellulose ethers nwere ogo nnọchi dị elu ma ọ bụ ogo nnọchi molar dị elu chọrọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ.
Oge ozi: Ọktoba-08-2022