Binyuze mu isesengura n'incamake y'ibyavuye mu igeragezwa rya eteri ya selulose mu bice bitatu, imyanzuro y'ingenzi ni iyi ikurikira:
5.1 Umwanzuro
1. Selilulosi ether gukuramo ibikoresho fatizo by'ibimera
(1) Ibice bitanu by'ibikoresho fatizo by'ibimera (ubushuhe, ivu, ubwiza bw'ibiti, selulose na hemicellulose) byarapimwe, kandi ibikoresho bitatu by'ibimera, umukungugu w'ibiti bya pinusi n'ibyatsi by'ingano, byaratoranijwe.
na masaji yo gukuramo selulosi, kandi inzira yo gukuramo selulosi yaranogejwe. Mu gihe cy'imikorere myiza,
Ubuziranenge bwa lignocellulose, selulose y'ingano na selulose ya basasse byose byari hejuru ya 90%, kandi umusaruro wabyo wari hejuru ya 40%.
(2) Ukurikije isesengura rya spectrum ya infrared, bigaragara ko nyuma yo kuvurwa, ibikomoka kuri selulosi bivanywe mu byatsi by'ingano, imiyoboro ya pine n'umukungugu w'ibiti bya pinusi
Kuri 1510 cm-1 (guhindagura kw'amagufwa y'impeta ya benzene) no hafi 1730 cm-1 (gukuramo guhindagurika kw'ingufu za karuboni C=O zitavangiye)
Nta misozo yari ihari, bigaragaza ko lignin na hemicellulose mu bicuruzwa byakuwemo byakuweho, kandi cellulose yabonetse yari ifite ubuziranenge bwinshi.
Bigaragara ko ukurikije uburyo bwo kwinjiza ibintu hanze, ingano ya lignin igabanuka buri gihe nyuma ya buri ntambwe yo kuvurwa, kandi uburyo bwo kwinjiza uturemangingo twa selulose mu mirasire y'izuba bugabanuka.
Umugozi wa spectral wabonetse wari hafi y’umugozi wa ultraviolet wa permanganate ya potasiyumu idafite ubuziranenge, bigaragaza ko cellulose yabonetse yari nziza cyane. na X
Isesengura rya X-ray ryagaragaje ko imiterere ya crystalline ya cellulose yabonetse yarushijeho kuba myiza cyane.
2. Gutegura eteri za selulose
(1) Igerageza rya "single factor" ryakoreshejwe mu kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya mbere yo gukoresha selulose ya pinusi mu buryo bwa "alkali decrystallization";
Igerageza rya orthogonan n'igerageza rya single-factor ryakozwe ku gutegura CMC, HEC na HECMC bivuye muri pinusi alkali cellulose, uko bikurikirana.
Kunoza. Mu buryo bwiza bwo gutegura, CMC ifite DS kugeza kuri 1.237, HEC ifite MS kugeza kuri 1.657 zabonetse.
na HECMC ifite DS ya 0.869. (2) Dukurikije isesengura rya FTIR, ugereranije na cellulose y'umwimerere y'ibiti bya pinusi, carboxymethyl yinjijwe neza muri CMC ya cellulose ether.
Muri HEC ya eteri ya selulosi, itsinda rya hydroxyethyl ryahujwe neza; muri HECMC ya eteri ya selulosi, itsinda rya hydroxyethyl ryahujwe neza
Amatsinda ya karboksimetili na hydroksiyetili.
(3) Bishobora kuboneka mu isesengura rya H-NMR ko itsinda rya hydroxyethyl ryinjizwa muri HEC y'ibicuruzwa, naho HEC ikaboneka hakoreshejwe ibarura ryoroshye.
urugero rw'impinduka mu mitsi.
(4) Dukurikije isesengura rya XRD, ugereranije na cellulose y’umwimerere y’ibiti bya pinusi, ether za cellulose CMC, HEC na HEECMC zifite
Imiterere ya kristu yahindutse yose ijya muri cellulose yo mu bwoko bwa II, kandi kristu yagabanutse cyane.
3. Gukoresha paste ya eteri ya cellulose
(1) Imiterere y'ibanze y'umusemburo w'umwimerere: SA, CMC, HEC na HECMC byose ni amazi ya pseudoplastic, kandi
Uburyo bwo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera bya ether eshatu za cellulose ari bwiza kurusha ubwa SA, kandi ugereranije na SA, ifite agaciro ka PVI gake, kaba gakwiriye cyane mu gucapa imiterere myiza.
Ururabo; uko igipimo cyo gukora umusemburo muri izi paste enye gikurikirana ni: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC; ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi bwa paste y'umwimerere ya CMC,
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Uburyo urea n'umunyu urwanya ibara S bihura na SA, kandi uburyo CMC y'umwimerere ibikwamo neza kurusha SA, ariko
Kuba HEC ikoze mu buryo bwa "raw paste" ni bibi kurusha SA;
Kuba bicarbonate ya sodium ihuye kandi ikaguma neza mu bubiko ni bibi kurusha SA;
SA isa, ariko ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi, guhuza na sodium bicarbonate ndetse no kugumana ubuziranenge bwa HEECMC paste mbisi biri hasi ugereranije na SA. (2) Imikorere yo gucapa paste: CMC irangi rigaragara kandi rigatuma inyura, uburyo icapiro rigaragara, uburyo ibara rivugururwa vuba, nibindi byose bigereranywa na SA.
kandi igipimo cyo gutakaza irangi cya CMC kiri hejuru kurusha icya SA; igipimo cyo gutakaza irangi n'uburyo bwo gucapa bya HEC bisa na SA, ariko ishusho ya HEC iruta iya SA.
Ingano y'amabara, ubushobozi bwo kwinjira no kwihuta kw'amabara ugereranije no gukaraba biri hasi ugereranije na SA; uburyo bwo gucapa bwa HECMC, uburyo ibara rigenda rigakaraba risa na SA;
Igipimo cy'ubunyobwa kiri hejuru ugereranyije na SA, ariko umusaruro w'amabara ugaragara n'uburyo HECMC iguma mu bubiko biri hasi ugereranyije na SA.
5.2 Ibyifuzo
Kuva ku ngaruka zo gukoresha 5.1 cellulose ether paste irashobora kuboneka, cellulose ether paste irashobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bukora
Amavuta yo gucapa amarangi, cyane cyane anionic cellulose ethers. Bitewe n'uko hashyizweho itsinda rya hydrophilic carboxymethyl, igice cy'umubiri gifite ibice bitandatu
Uburyo itsinda rya hydroxyl ry’ibanze rikora ku ruziga, hamwe n’ingufu mbi nyuma yo kuyishyiramo icyarimwe, bishobora gutuma irangi ry’imigozi rikoreshwa n’irangi rikora neza. Ariko, muri rusange,
Ingaruka zo gukoresha paste ya cellulose ether yo gucapa ntabwo ari nziza cyane, ahanini bitewe n'urwego rwo gusimbuza cyangwa gusimbuza molar ya cellulose ether.
Bitewe n'urwego ruto rwo gusimbuza, gutegura eteri za selulose zifite urugero rwo gusimbuza ruri hejuru cyangwa urugero rwo gusimbuza umunwa ruri hejuru bisaba inyigo y'inyongera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-08-2022