Isoko ry’udupfukamunwa tw’isura ryabaye igice cy’ubwiza gikura cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha. Nk’uko raporo y’ubushakashatsi ya Mintel ibigaragaza, mu 2016, udupfukamunwa tw’isura twaje ku mwanya wa kabiri mu ikoreshwa ry’abaguzi b’Abashinwa mu byiciro byose by’ibicuruzwa byo kwita ku ruhu, aho udupfukamunwa ari wo muti ukunzwe cyane. Mu bicuruzwa bya dupfukamunwa, agatambaro k’ibanze k’udupfukamunwa n’umusemburo ni ibintu bitagereranywa. Kugira ngo hagerwe ku ngaruka nziza zo gukoresha, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane ikizamini cyo guhuza n’umusemburo w’ibanze w’udupfukamunwa n’umusemburo mu gihe cyo gutegura ibicuruzwa.
ijambo ry'ibanze
Imyenda isanzwe ikoreshwa mu gupfuka igizwe na tencel, tencel yahinduwe, filament, ipamba karemano, amakara ya bamboo, fibre ya bamboo, chitosan, fibre ivanze, nibindi; guhitamo buri gice cy’agapfuka harimo rheological thickener, moisturizing agent, ibintu bikora, guhitamo imiti irinda ubushyuhe, nibindi.Hydroxyethyl cellulose(hanyuma yitwa HEC) ni polymer idashonga mu mazi. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z'ubwiza bitewe n'uko irwanya electrolyte neza, ihura n'ibinyabutabire ndetse n'imiterere yayo yo gufata amazi: urugero, HEC ni mask yo mu maso. Ikoreshwa cyane mu gukaraba amenyo n'ibice by'amagufwa mu gicuruzwa, kandi ifite uruhu rwiza nko gusiga amavuta, koroha kandi rukurikiza amabwiriza. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, imikorere y'udupfukamunwa dushya two mu maso yariyongereye cyane (nk'uko bigaragazwa n'ububiko bwa Mintel, umubare w'udupfukamunwa dushya dufite HEC mu Bushinwa wiyongereye uva kuri 38 mu 2014 ugera kuri 136 mu 2015 na 176 mu 2016).
igerageza
Nubwo HEC yakoreshejwe cyane mu gupfuka mu maso, hari raporo nke z’ubushakashatsi zijyanye nayo. Ubushakashatsi bw’ingenzi bw’umwanditsi: ubwoko butandukanye bw’igitambaro cy’ibanze cya mask, hamwe na formula ya HEC/xanthan gum na carbomer byatoranijwe nyuma yo gusuzuma ibikoresho bya mask biboneka ku isoko (reba Imbonerahamwe ya 1 kugira ngo ubone formula yihariye). Uzuza agapfuka/urupapuro rw’amazi gafite garama 25 cyangwa agapfuka/igice cy’urupapuro rw’amazi gafite garama 15, hanyuma ukande gato nyuma yo gufunga kugira ngo winjire neza. Ibizamini bikorwa nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe cyangwa iminsi 20 byinjiye. Ibizamini birimo: ikizamini cyo gutonyanga, ubworoherane n’ubushobozi bwo gupfuka cya HEC ku gitambaro cy’ibanze cya mask, isuzuma ry’abantu rikubiyemo ikizamini cyo koroha cya mask n’ikizamini cyo kumva cy’igenzura ry’igice cy’isura ritagaragara, kugira ngo hakorwe formula ya mask kandi ikoreshwe mu buryo burambuye. Ikizamini cy’ibikoresho n’isuzuma ry’abantu ritanga ingero.
Uburyo bwo gukora serum ya mask
Ingano ya karubone itunganywa neza hakurikijwe ubunini n'ibikoresho by'igitambaro cyo hasi cya mask, ariko ingano yongerwa ku itsinda rimwe ni imwe.
Ibisubizo - Uburyo bworoshye bwo gupfuka amazi mu gapfukamunwa
Uburyo mask ishobora gutoseshwa bugaragaza ubushobozi bw'amazi yo mu gipfukamunwa bwo kwinjira mu mwenda w'ibanze wa mask mu buryo bungana, busesuye, kandi nta ntambwe zipfuye. Ibisubizo by'igerageza ryo kwinjira mu mwenda w'ibanze wa mask byagaragaje ko, ku mwenda w'ibanze wa mask woroshye n'ubugari, ubwoko bubiri bw'amazi yo mu gipfukamunwa arimo HEC na xanthan gum bushobora kugira ingaruka nziza zo kwinjiramo. Ku mwenda w'ibanze wa mask nk'umwenda wa 65g w'ibice bibiri na 80g, nyuma y'iminsi 20 winjiramo, amazi yo mu gipfukamunwa arimo xanthan gum ntashobora kunyosha neza umwenda w'ibanze wa mask cyangwa kwinjiramo ntibingana (reba Ishusho ya 1); Imikorere ya HEC iruta cyane iya xanthan gum, ishobora gutuma umwenda w'ibanze wa mask woroshye kandi winjiramo burundu.
Uburyo udupfukamunwa two mu maso dushobora gutoha: inyigo yo kugereranya HEC na xanthan gum
Ibisubizo - Uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza agapfukamunwa
Uburemere bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask bugaragaza ubushobozi bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask bwo kurambura mu gihe cyo gufata uruhu. Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byo kumanika ku bwoko 11 bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask bigaragaza ko ku myenda y'ibanze ya mask iri hagati n'inini n'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask ifite imigozi ifatanye n'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask (ubwoko bwa 9/11 bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask, harimo filament ya 80g, 65g y'imyenda ifite imiterere ibiri, filament ya 60g, 60g ya Tencel, 50g y'amakara ya bamboo, 40g ya chitosan, 30g y'ipamba karemano, 35g y'ubwoko butatu bw'imigozi ivanze, 35g y'ubudodo bw'abana), ifoto ya microscope igaragara ku Ishusho ya 2a, HEC ifite uburemere buringaniye, ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo guhuza cyangwa kuboha imyenda y'ibanze ya mask (ubwoko bwa 2/11 bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask, harimo na Tencel ya 30g, filament ya 38g), ifoto ya microscope igaragara ku Ishusho ya 2b, HEC izatuma irambura cyane kandi ikagira imiterere igaragara. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imigozi ivanze hakoreshejwe Tencel cyangwa filament ishobora kongera imbaraga z'imiterere y'imyenda y'ibanze ya mask, nka 35g. Imigozi 3 y'imyenda ivanze na 35g. Imigozi ya mask y'ubudodo bw'abana ni imigozi ivanze, nubwo yaba ari iyo myenda y'ibanze ya mask kandi ifite imbaraga nziza z'imiterere, kandi amazi ya mask arimo HEC ntazatuma irushaho kurambuka.
Ifoto ya mikorosikopi y'igitambaro cyo hasi cya mask
Ibisubizo - Gutuma mask yoroha
Uburyo bworoshye bwa mask bushobora gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bushya bwo gupima uburyo bworoshye bwa mask, hakoreshejwe isesengura ry’imiterere n’isesengura rya P1S. Isesengura ry’imiterere rikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’ubwiza n’ibiribwa, rishobora gupima imiterere y’ibicuruzwa mu buryo bufatika. Mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo gupima ubukana, imbaraga ntarengwa zipimwa nyuma y’uko isuzuma rya P1S rikandagiwe ku mwenda w’ibanze wa mask upfunyitse hanyuma ukajya imbere mu ntera runaka zikoreshwa mu kugaragaza uburyo bworoshye bwa mask: uko imbaraga ntarengwa ziba nto, ni ko iyo mask yoroshye.
Uburyo bwo gupima imiterere y'igitambaro (P1S probe) kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bworoshye bwa mask
Ubu buryo bushobora kwigana neza inzira yo gukanda agapfukamunwa n'intoki, kuko impera y'imbere y'intoki z'umuntu imeze nk'iy'umubiri, kandi impera y'imbere y'agapfukamunwa ka P1S nayo imeze nk'iy'umubiri. Agaciro k'ubukana bwa agapfukamunwa gapimwe n'ubu buryo gahuye neza n'agaciro k'ubukana bwa agapfukamunwa gaboneka mu gusuzuma ibyiyumvo by'abakoze itsinda. Mu gusuzuma ingaruka z'amazi ya gapfukamunwa arimo HEC cyangwa xanthan gum ku bworoshye bw'ubwoko umunani bw'imyenda y'ibanze ya gapfukamunwa, ibyavuye mu isuzuma ry'ibikoresho n'isuzuma ry'imikorere bigaragaza ko HEC ishobora koroshya umwenda w'ibanze kurusha xanthan gum.
Ibisubizo by'ibizamini by'ingano byerekana uburyo bworoshye n'ubukomere bw'igitambaro cyo hasi cya mask cyakozwe mu bikoresho 8 bitandukanye (TA & sensory test)
Ibisubizo - Ikizamini cy'igice cy'isura cya Mask - Isuzuma ry'amatwi
Ubwoko 6 bw'imyenda yo hasi ya mask ifite ubunini n'ibikoresho bitandukanye byatoranijwe ku buryo butunguranye, kandi impuguke 10 kugeza kuri 11 zahuguwe mu gusuzuma ibyumviro zasabwe gukora isuzuma ry'isura ku gipfukamunwa kirimo HEC na xanthan gum. Icyiciro cyo gusuzuma kirimo igihe cyo gukoresha, ako kanya nyuma yo gukoresha no gusuzuma nyuma y'iminota 5. Ibisubizo by'isuzuma ry'ibyumviro bigaragazwa mu mbonerahamwe. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko, ugereranije na xanthan gum, mask irimo HEC yari ifite uruhu rwiza kandi rufite amavuta menshi mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, irushaho kuryoha, irushaho kuba nziza kandi irabagirana nyuma yo kuyikoresha, kandi ishobora kongera igihe cyo kuma cya mask (mu iperereza ubwoko 6 bw'imyenda yo hasi ya mask, uretse ko HEC na xanthan gum byakoze kimwe kuri 35g Baby silk, ku bundi bwoko 5 bw'imyenda yo hasi ya mask, HEC ishobora kongera igihe cyo kuma cya mask ho iminota 1 kugeza 3). Aha, igihe cyo kuma cya mask kivuga igihe cyo gukoresha mask kibarwa kuva igihe mask itangiye kuma nk'uko umuntu ayisuzuma yumva nk'aho ari iherezo. Kubura amazi cyangwa gufunga. Itsinda ry'impuguke muri rusange ryakundaga imiterere y'uruhu ya HEC.
Imbonerahamwe ya 2: Igereranya rya xanthan gum, imiterere y'uruhu rwa HEC n'igihe buri gapfukamunwa irimo HEC na xanthan gum yumye mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha
mu gusoza
Binyuze mu isuzuma ry’ibikoresho n’isuzuma ry’amarangamutima y’umuntu, hasuzumwe uburyo uruhu rukora n’uko amazi ya mask arimo hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ahuye n’imiterere y’imyenda itandukanye ya mask, kandi hagereranyijwe itandukaniro ry’imikorere ya HEC na xanthan gum kuri mask. Ibisubizo by’isuzuma ry’ibikoresho bigaragaza ko ku myenda ya mask ifite imbaraga zihagije, harimo imyenda iciriritse n’inini ya mask hamwe n’imyenda yoroheje ya mask ifite uburyo bwo kudoda bufatanye n’uburyo bwo kuboha bungana,HECbizatuma zifata neza; Ugereranyije na xanthan gum, amazi ya HEC yo mu maso ashobora guha igitambaro cyo hasi cya mask ubushobozi bwo kunyagirwa no koroha, bityo ikabasha gufata neza uruhu rwayo kuri mask kandi ikaba yoroshye ku bantu basanzwe bayikoresha. Ku rundi ruhande, ishobora gufata neza ubushuhe no kunyagirwa kurushaho, ibyo bikaba byakwifashishwa neza n’ihame ryo gukoresha mask kandi ikabasha kugira uruhare rwiza mu isura yayo. Ibisubizo by’isuzuma ry’ibyumviro by’igice cy’isura bigaragaza ko ugereranije na xanthan gum, HEC ishobora gutuma uruhu rwayo rufata neza kandi rugatera amavuta mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, kandi uruhu rukagira ubushuhe bwiza, ubwiza n’ubukonje nyuma yo kuyikoresha, kandi ishobora kongera igihe cyo kuma cya mask (ishobora kongerwaho iminota 1-3), itsinda ry’inzobere mu isuzuma muri rusange rikunda imiterere y’uruhu rwa HEC.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 26 Mata 2024