Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam mortar qhuav hauv Suav teb, kev siv cov kua nplaum vuas ceramic tuaj yeem txhawb nqa dav dav. Yog li, cov teeb meem twg yuav tshwm sim hauv kev siv cov kua nplaum vuas ceramic? Hnub no, pab koj teb kom meej!
A, vim li cas thiaj siv cov kua nplaum pobzeb?
1) Tam sim no kev ua lag luam vuas vov tsev, lub cib ua loj dua thiab loj dua
Cov vuas loj (xws li 800 × 800) yooj yim rau kev poob. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov vuas ib txwm tsis suav nrog kev poob, thiab kev poob ntawm cov vuas los ntawm nws qhov hnyav yuav txo qhov kev sib txuas ntawm lub zog.
Tam sim no, thaum muab cov vuas ceramic nplaum rau sab nraub qaum, feem ntau nws yuav tsum tau muab cov cement mortar binder rau ntawm phab ntsa, thiab tom qab ntawd nias rau ntawm phab ntsa, siv roj hmab rauj los ua kom cov vuas ceramic tiaj tiaj, vim tias thaj chaw ntawm cov vuas ceramic loj heev, nws nyuaj rau tshem tawm tag nrho cov huab cua ntawm cov cement mortar bond txheej, yog li nws yooj yim los tsim lub nruas khoob, thiab cov bond tsis ruaj khov;
2) Hauv kev ua lag luam ntau lub hom phiaj iav cib dej nqus dej tsawg heev (≤0.2%)
Qhov saum npoo du, tus nqi bibulous qis dhau cov vuas ceramic, kev sib txuas nce nyuaj dua, cov nplaum vuas ceramic ib txwm tsis tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, uas yog hais tias cov vuas ceramic uas muag hauv khw tam sim no thiab cov vuas ceramic yav dhau los tau tsim kev hloov pauv loj heev, thiab cov neeg sawv cev nplaum uas peb siv thiab txoj kev tsim kho yog cov ib txwm muaj li yav dhau los.
Ob, qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm tus neeg sawv cev taw qhia thiab cov cement dawb taw qhia
1) Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm kev sau cov pob qij txha, ntau pab pawg kho kom zoo nkauj siv cov cement los sau cov pob qij txha.
2) Qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov cement dawb tsis muaj zog. Thaum pib, nws zoo li ok, tab sis tom qab ntev, yuav muaj cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov kab nrib pleb ntawm qhov chaw thiab sab ntawm cov vuas ceramic.
3) Kuj tseem muaj kev hloov xim ntawm cov chaw ntub dej, (cov plaub hau dub thiab ntsuab) thiab cov cement nqus dej. Nws tseem tuaj yeem nqus ob peb yam qias neeg los cuam tshuam rau hauv cov vuas ceramic sab hauv, ua rau muaj kev hloov xim. Tib lub sijhawm, yooj yim rau pan alkali.
Peb, yuav ua li cas nrog kev sib xyaw ntau dhau ntawm cov vuas ceramic?
Taw tes rau cov vuas glaze feem ntau, siv cov kua nplaum vuas vov uas tsis tas yuav ntub dej, ua rau muaj teeb meem tom qab ntub dej. Yog tias tsis ceev faj ntub dej ntau dhau, hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ua rau cov vuas glaze puas, kom qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim kho.
Plaub, cib cais, cib qub tom qab sib koom ua ke sau tus neeg sawv cev kev kho mob ua qias tuaj
1) Nws nyuaj rau ntxuav, tus qauv tsim yuav tsum xav txog kev siv tib xim caulking tus neeg sawv cev, kev tiv thaiv kev tshaj lij yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej caulking, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov nuv qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb plam seam;
2) Thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, tom qab cov sealant kho lawm, txhuam cov sealant tawm ntawm qhov chaw nrog txhuam tawv hauv 2 teev, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav qhov chaw nrog txhuam ib txwm;
3) Rau qhov chaw uas muaj kuab paug los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev sib koom ua ke, nws tuaj yeem ntxuav nrog cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog thiab ntxuav nrog dej tom qab 10 hnub ntawm kev kho kom qhuav nrog cov neeg sawv cev sib koom ua ke, tsis muaj cov khoom seem.
Tsib, cov nplais nplaum rau hauv thiab khov thiab yaj cov txheej txheem puas tsuaj
1) Cov dej tshiab yaig, thaum dej nkag mus, Ca (oH) 2 yuav yaj tawm, uas yuav ua rau cov qauv maj mam xoob thiab txawm tias ua puas tsuaj;
2) qhov o ntawm cov polymer, txawm tias qee cov polymers qhuav ua ib zaj duab xis, thiab tom qab ntawd dej yuav nqus cov dej nthuav dav;
3) Kev nruj ntawm qhov sib txuas: tom qab cov tshuaj khib nqus dej, dej yuav hloov qhov kev nruj ntawm nws phab ntsa capillary sab hauv thiab cuam tshuam rau lub zog ntawm qhov sib txuas;
4) Tom qab ntub dej o thiab qhuav, qhov ntim yuav nthuav dav thiab cog lus, ua rau tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab.
Lus Cim: Cov dej hauv cov mortar yuav khov thiab nthuav dav thaum nws qis dua qhov chaw khov (coefficient of expansion of ice 9%). Thaum lub zog nthuav dav tshaj qhov lub zog cohesion ntawm mortar, kev ua tsis tiav ntawm kev khov-yaj yuav tshwm sim.
Rau, 801 kua nplaum thiab hmoov kua nplaum tuaj yeem hloov cov hmoov latex uas tuaj yeem tawg tau?
Tsis tau, 801 pom tseeb tias yuav txhim kho kev tsim kho kom zoo, rau qhov kev ua tau zoo tom qab cov kua nplaum pobzeb tawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv taus dej, kev sib deev khov-thaw tsis raug.
Xya, cov kua nplaum pobzeb siv tau los nuv
Tsis zoo, vim tias ob qho kev ua tau zoo sib txawv, cov kua nplaum pobzeb feem ntau nug txog kev sib deev caking, tus neeg sawv cev caulking nug txog kev ywj pheej, hydrophobicity thiab tawm tsam pan-alkalinity, 2 syncretic tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm kev ua lag luam tam sim no, txhawm rau txo tus nqi.
Yim, cov hmoov roj hmab ceramic thiab HPMC lub luag haujlwm
Hmoov roj hmab - txhim kho qhov sib xws thiab du ntawm lub kaw lus hauv lub xeev sib tov ntub. Vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov polymer, qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ntub tau zoo dua thiab ua rau muaj kev pab zoo rau kev ua haujlwm. Tom qab ziab, lub zog nplaum ntawm cov txheej txheem du thiab ntom tau muab, thiab cov nyhuv interface ntawm xuab zeb thiab pob zeb thiab porosity tau zoo dua. Ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj ntau ntxiv, qhov interface tuaj yeem nplua nuj hauv zaj duab xis sib xyaw, yog li cov kua nplaum pobzeb ceramic muaj qee qhov kev ywj pheej, txo cov modulus elastic, thiab nqus dej rau qhov zoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab thermal deformation. Tom qab ntawd, xws li kev immersion dej kuj tuaj yeem muaj dej tsis kam, qhov kub ntawm buffer, cov khoom deformation tsis sib xws (cov coefficient deformation pobzeb ntawm 6 × 10-6 / ℃, cov coefficient deformation cement ntawm 10 × 10-6 / ℃) thiab lwm yam kev ntxhov siab, txhim kho kev tiv thaiv huab cua.
HPMC - muab kev khaws cia dej zoo thiab kev tsim kho rau cov mortar tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau thaj chaw ntub dej. Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej zoo tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov substrate nqus dej ntau dhau thiab dej ntws saum npoo av. Vim nws cov huab cua permeability (1900g / L - 1400g / L PO 400 xuab zeb 600 HPMC 2), cov nplais nplaum qhov ceev ntawm cov nplais raug txo qis, cov khoom siv tau txuag thiab cov modulus elastic ntawm lub cev mortar tawv raug txo qis.
Cuaj, xav tias cov nplais pobzeb ceramic nplaum tsis tuaj yeem tsim kho yuav ua li cas?
1) Cov kua nplaum pobzeb yog cov tshuaj sib tov qhuav uas hloov kho, thiab nws cov dej sib tov, piv rau cov tshuaj cement ib txwm yuav nplaum, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho muaj lub sijhawm hloov kho;
2) Yog tias cov kua nplaum ntawm cov vuas vov uas muaj dej zoo sib xyaw tshwm sim thaum siv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom qhuav tsis tuaj yeem tsim, feem ntau yog vim lub sijhawm zoo li qub ntev dhau, yuav tsum raug txwv.
Kaum. Vim li cas rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov sealant
1) Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej;
2) Cov dej ntxiv tsis sib xws;
3) Huab cua hnyav heev tom qab kev tsim kho;
4) Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho.
Lwm yam, cov dej siv rau saum npoo ntawm cov txheej txheem huv si ntau dhau, cov dej seem tsis sib npaug los ntawm cov dej hauv zos uas tsis tob, cov kua qaub ntau dhau kuj yuav muaj cov teeb meem saum toj no.
Kaum ib, vim li cas cov vuas glazed thiaj li tawg me me
Vim tias cov vuas glaze nyias dhau, siv cov kua nplaum pobzeb ceramic kom ua kom lo, tom qab ziab, ntsws loj dua, txhais tau tias rub cov glaze tawg los tsim, xav kom siv cov khoom nplaum pobzeb ceramic yooj ywm.
12, vim li cas cov vuas ceramic tom qab lo rau tuaj yeem raug zawm kom tawg glaze?
Tsis muaj qhov sib txuas thaum lub sijhawm tsim kho, cov vuas ceramic raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, ua rau muaj qhov tawg ntawm cov duab vaub kib ntev.
Kaum peb, kev tsim cov nplaum pobzeb tom qab 2-3D tseem tsis muaj zog, nias mos mos los ntawm tes, vim li cas?
1) Kub qis, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, nyuaj rau kev tawv ib txwm muaj;
2) Kev tsim kho yog tuab dhau, qhov tawv ntawm qhov chaw sab hauv dej loj dhau ua rau lub plhaub qhwv zoo;
3) Tus nqi nqus dej ntawm lub hauv paus qis dhau;
4) Qhov loj ntawm lub cib loj dhau lawm.
14, tom qab siv tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov vuas ceramic cement feem ntau los lo rau cov cib, lub peev xwm ruaj khov ntev npaum li cas
Feem ntau xav tau 24 teev kom thiaj li ua tau kom tawv, qhov kub qis dua lossis qhov cua tsis zoo yuav raug ncua ntev raws li.
Kaum tsib, kev teeb tsa pob zeb 6 lub hlis tom qab tawg, qhov laj thawj
1) Kev sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus;
2) Kev nthuav dav hloov chaw;
3) Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev sib zog;
4) cov pob zeb sab hauv tsis zoo (cov qauv ntuj, tawg), qhov tshwm sim tsuas yog ob peb daim xwb;
5) qhov hnyav lossis qhov cuam tshuam hauv zos ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov vuas;
6) cov kua nplaum pobzeb yog khov kho;
7) Cov kab nrib pleb thiab cov pob qij txha ntawm lub pob zeb cement tsis tau raug tswj zoo.
Kaum rau, cov vuas ceramic khoob nruas lossis poob tawm qhov laj thawj
1) cov kua nplaum pobzeb tsis sib xws;
2) Lub hauv paus ruaj khov tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa, thiab muaj kev hloov pauv (xws li phab ntsa faib teeb);
3) Sab nraub qaum ntawm lub cib tsis tau ntxuav (hmoov av lossis tus neeg sawv cev tso tawm);
4) Cov cib loj tsis tau pleev xim rov qab;
5) tus nqi ntawm cov nplaum pobzeb tsis txaus;
6) Rau qhov chaw hauv paus uas yooj yim rau kev co, tom qab paving nrog lub rauj roj hmab ntaus hnyav dhau, cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg ntawm lub cib raws li qhov kawg ntawm kev teeb tsa, ua rau lub interface xoob;
7) Qhov tsis tiaj tus ntawm lub hauv paus thiab qhov tuab sib txawv ntawm cov kua nplaum pobzeb ua rau tsis zoo ntsws tom qab ziab;
8) Muab cov nplaum nplaum tom qab lub sijhawm qhib;
9) Kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig;
10) Cov pob qij txha nthuav dav tsis tau teeb tsa raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv;
11) muab cov cib rau ntawm qhov chaw nthuav dav ntawm lub hauv paus;
12) Kev poob siab thiab kev co sab nraud thaum lub sijhawm txij nkawm.
A. Cement yog ib yam khoom siv hydraulic cementing. Nws lub zog compressive siab, elastic modulus thiab dej tsis kam ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv masonry. Qhov laj thawj yog vim tias lub tshuab ntawm kev sib txuas yog tias cov cement mortar tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov qhov ua ntej pib teeb tsa, condensation thiab hardening, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev sib txuas tshuab zoo ib yam li tus yuam sij ntxig rau hauv lub qhov tseem ceeb, yog li ntawd thiaj li sib txuas cov khoom npog thiab cov khoom siv hauv paus.
Cov nplaum saum toj no muaj qee qhov kev sib txuas rau cov cib ua los ntawm cov av nplaum (15-30%), tab sis raws li EN12004 tus qauv kab lis kev cai rau 14d + 14d 70 ℃ + 1D, lawv cov nyhuv kuj yuav ploj mus. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg niaj hnub no siv cov cib ua los ntawm cov av nplaum (1-5%) thiab cov cib homogeneous (0.1%) cov nyhuv anchoring tsis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm zoo.
B, cement thiab 108 kua nplaum raws li binder yog nyob rau hauv lub redispersion ntawm latex hmoov tsis tau lees paub tag nrho los ntawm cov neeg ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv, nrog siab elastic modulus, tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm kev deformation ntawm cov vuas ceramic thiab substrate vim contraction, kub thiab lwm yam. Kev ntxhov siab sab hauv tsis raug tso tawm, coj txog cov vuas ceramic kom nce thaum kawg nruas, craze thiab flake. (Raws li qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm saum toj no)
Hauv kev xaus lus, rau ntau txheej txheej sab nraud rwb thaiv tsev uas muaj ntau yam khoom siv sib txawv (EIFS \ pwm loj ua-hauv, thiab lwm yam), xws li kev siv cov kho kom zoo nkauj cib, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb, yuav tsum tsom mus rau qhov sib phim ntawm cov qauv elastic ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, qhov yooj ywm ntawm cov nplaum nruab nrab, qhov permeability ntawm lub kaw lus, kom txo lossis tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias kev txais yuav lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "kev ua raws li" yog qhov lav ntau dua li tsuas yog ua raws li "kev tiv thaiv" txoj kev ntawm lub zog siab.
Kaum xya, cov txheej txheem sib tov cov nplais pobzeb (cement)
Pub mis: ntxiv dej ua ntej pub mis
Kev Sib Xyaws: cov khoom ntxiv rau hauv dej yuav raug sib xyaw ua ke, sawv ntsug rau 5-10 feeb, ua kom nws loj hlob tag nrho, thiab tom qab ntawd sib xyaw rau 2-3 feeb, thaum siv.
Kaum yim, txheej dej tsis pub dej nkag rau cov vuas pobzeb ceramic
Cov khoom siv tiv dej sib txawv cuam tshuam rau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov vuas pobzeb ceramic. Yog tias siv cov khoom siv polyurethane organic tiv dej, lub cib yooj yim poob tawm thaum kawg vim yog cov khoom tsis sib xws.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-28-2024