1. Hoʻolauna pōkole o Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Inoa Pelekania: Carboxyl methyl Cellulose
Pōkole: CMC
He loli ke ʻano molekala: [C6H7O2(OH)2CH2COONa]n
ʻAno: pauka granular fibrous melemele māmā a keʻokeʻo paha.
Ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai: maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, e hana ana i kahi colloid viscous moakaka, a he kūlike ʻole a alkaline iki paha ka hopena.
Nā Hiʻohiʻona: Hui molekala kiʻekiʻe o ka colloid hana o ka ʻili, ʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia.
Ua laha nui ʻia ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma ke ʻano a ʻo ia ka polysaccharide nui loa. Akā i ka hana ʻana, aia ka cellulose ma ke ʻano o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, no laila ʻo ka inoa piha ʻo sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a i ʻole CMC-Na. Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana, ke kūkulu ʻana, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, ka lole, nā keramika a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
2. ʻenehana Carboxymethyl cellulose
ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻololi o ka cellulose e pili ana i: etherification a me ka esterification.
Hoʻololi ʻana o ka carboxymethyl cellulose: ka hopena carboxymethylation i ka ʻenehana etherification, ua carboxymethylated ka cellulose e loaʻa ai ka carboxymethyl cellulose, i kapa ʻia ʻo CMC.
Nā hana o ka hopena wai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose: ka mānoanoa, ka hana ʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka pale ʻana i ke colloid, ka emulsification a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.
3. Ka hopena kemika o ka carboxymethyl cellulose
Ka hopena alkaliization cellulose:
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + nNaOH→[C6H7O2(OH)2ONa]n + nH2O
ʻO ka hopena etherification o ka waikawa monochloroacetic ma hope o ka cellulose alkali:
[C6H7O2(OH)2ONa]n + nClCH2COONa →[C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONa]n + nNaC
No laila: ʻo ke ʻano kemika no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka carboxymethyl cellulose: Cell-O-CH2-COONa NaCMC
ʻO ka sodium carboxymethyl celluloseʻO (NaCMC a i ʻole CMC no ka pōkole) he cellulose ether hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ka viscosity o nā ʻano hoʻohui wai i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia mai kekahi mau cP a i kekahi mau tausani cP.
4. Nā ʻano huahana o ka carboxymethyl cellulose
1. Ka mālama ʻana i ka wai CMC: Paʻa ia ma lalo o ka mahana haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka lā, akā e loli ka acidity a me ka alkalinity o ka wai ma muli o nā loli o ka mahana. Ma lalo o ka mana o nā kukuna ultraviolet a i ʻole nā microorganism, e emi ana ka viscosity o ka wai a i ʻole e pala. Inā pono ka mālama lōʻihi, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi mea mālama kūpono.
2. ʻAno hoʻomākaukau o ka hopena wai CMC: e hoʻomaʻū like i nā ʻāpana mua, hiki ke hoʻonui nui i ka helu hoʻoheheʻe.
3. He hygroscopic ka CMC a pono e pale ʻia mai ka makū i ka wā e mālama ai.
4. ʻO nā paʻakai metala kaumaha e like me ka zinc, ke keleawe, ke kēpau, ka alumini, ke kālā, ka hao, ka tin, a me ka chromium hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka CMC e hoʻomoe.
5. Hiki ke ua i loko o ka hopena wai ma lalo o PH2.5, hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma hope o ka neutralization ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka alkali.
6. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe hopena hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o nā paʻakai e like me ka calcium, magnesium a me ka paʻakai papaʻaina ma ka CMC, e hōʻemi lākou i ka mānoanoa o ka hopena.
7. He kūlike ʻo CMC me nā mea hoʻopili wai ʻē aʻe, nā mea palupalu a me nā resins.
8. Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana like ʻole, hiki i ke ʻano o ka CMC ke pauka maikaʻi, palaoa ʻino a fibrous paha, ʻaʻohe mea e pili ana i nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika.
9. He maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka CMC. Hiki ke hoʻohui pololei ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu a i ʻole ka wai mehana ma 40-50°C.
5. Ke kēkelē o ka hoʻololi a me ka solubility o ka carboxymethyl cellulose
ʻO ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana e pili ana i ka helu awelika o nā hui sodium carboxymethyl i hoʻopili ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana cellulose; ʻo ka waiwai nui loa o ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 3, akā ʻo ka mea pono loa i ka ʻoihana ʻo NaCMC me ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana e loli ana mai 0.5 a 1.2. ʻOkoʻa loa nā waiwai o NaCMC me ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana o 0.2-0.3 mai nā waiwai o NaCMC me ke kekelē o ka hoʻololi ʻana o 0.7-0.8. ʻO ka mea mua he hapa wale nō ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai pH 7, akā ʻo ka mea hope he hoʻoheheʻe loa. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma lalo o nā kūlana alkaline.
6. Ke kekelē polymerization a me ka viscosity o ka carboxymethyl cellulose
ʻO ke kekelē polymerization: pili i ka lōʻihi o ke kaulahao cellulose, ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka viscosity. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kaulahao cellulose, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity, a pēlā nō hoʻi ka hopena NaCMC.
ʻO ka mānoanoa: He wai ʻole Newtonian ka hopena NaCMC, a emi iho kona mānoanoa i ʻike ʻia ke piʻi ka ikaika shear. Ma hope o ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ua piʻi like ka mānoanoa a hiki i ka wā e paʻa ai. ʻO ia hoʻi, he thixotropic ka hopena.
7. Ka laulā noi o ka carboxymethyl cellulose
1. ʻOihana kūkulu hale a me ka keramika
(1) Nā uhi hoʻolālā: hoʻopuehu maikaʻi, hoʻolaha like ʻana o ka uhi ʻana; ʻaʻohe layering, kūpaʻa maikaʻi; hopena mānoanoa maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana.
(2) ʻOihana keramika: hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka mea hoʻopaʻa hakahaka e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka plasticity o ka pālolo ipu hao; glaze paʻa.
2. ʻO ka holoi ʻana, nā mea hoʻonani, ka paka, ka paʻi lole a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana
(1) Holoi ʻana: Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo CMC i ka mea holoi lole e pale ai i ka waiho hou ʻana o ka lepo i holoi ʻia ma luna o ka lole.
(2) Nā mea hoʻonani: ka hoʻomānoanoa ʻana, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a pēlā aku. He mea maikaʻi ke hāʻawi piha i ka pāʻani i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mea hoʻonani.
(3) Paka: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā pepa paka, hiki ke hoʻohana pono i nā ʻāpana a hōʻemi i ka nui o nā lau paka maka.
(4) Loli: Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopau no nā lole, hiki i ka CMC ke hōʻemi i ka lele ʻana o ka hilo a me ka haki ʻana o ka hopena ma nā ulana wikiwiki.
(5) Paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana: Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka paʻi ʻana i ka paʻi, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hydrophilic a me ka komo ʻana o nā dyes, e hana i ka hoʻoluʻu like a hōʻemi i ka ʻokoʻa kala.
3. ʻOihana ʻōwili namu a me ke koʻokoʻo wili
(1) Nā ʻōwili makika: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC i nā ʻōwili makika e hoʻoikaika i ka paʻakikī o nā ʻōwili makika a hoʻemi i ko lākou hiki ke haki a haki.
(2) Electrode: Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonani e hoʻopaʻa maikaʻi a hoʻokumu ʻia ka uhi keramika, me ka hana palaki maikaʻi aʻe, a loaʻa iā ia ka hana puhi ʻana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe.
4. ʻOihana hoʻomaʻemaʻe niho
(1) He kūpono maikaʻi ko CMC me nā mea maka like ʻole i loko o ka toothpaste;
(2) He palupalu ka hoʻopili ʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai, ʻaʻole hemo, ʻaʻole mānoanoa, a he huʻa momona;
(3) Paʻa maikaʻi a me ke kūlike kūpono, hiki ke hāʻawi i ka toothpaste i ke ʻano maikaʻi, ka paʻa ʻana a me ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu loa;
(4) Kūpaʻa i nā loli o ka mahana, hoʻomaʻū a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻala.
(5) ʻO ka ʻoki liʻiliʻi a me ka huelo i loko o nā kini.
5. ʻOihana meaʻai
(1) Nā mea inu ʻakika: Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa, no ka laʻana, e pale aku i ka ua a me ka stratification o nā protein i loko o ka yogurt ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻono ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai; maikaʻi ke ʻano like o ka hoʻololi ʻana.
(2) ʻAikalima: E hana i ka wai, ka momona, ka protein, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻokumu i kahi hui like, hoʻopuehu ʻia a paʻa hoʻi e pale aku i nā kristal hau.
(3) Berena a me ka mea ʻono: Hiki i ka CMC ke kāohi i ka mānoanoa o ka paila, hoʻonui i ka paʻa ʻana o ka makū a me ke ola papa o ka huahana.
(4) Nūdela koke: hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa kuke ʻana o nā noodles; he maikaʻi kona ʻano i loko o nā biscuits a me nā pancakes, a he laumania ka ʻili o ka keke a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e haki.
(5) Hoʻopili koke: ma ke ʻano he kumu gum.
(6) He inert physiologically ʻo CMC a ʻaʻohe ona waiwai calorific. No laila, hiki ke hana ʻia nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa-calorie.
6. ʻOihana pepa
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nui o ka pepa, kahi e loaʻa ai i ka pepa ka nui o ka mānoanoa, ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ke komo ʻana o ka ʻīnika, ka hōʻiliʻili wax kiʻekiʻe a me ka laumania. I ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka pepa, kōkua ia i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka hiki ke ʻōwili ʻia o ka hoʻopili kala; hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana pipili ma waena o nā olonā i loko o ka pepa, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa pelu o ka pepa.
7. ʻOihana ʻaila
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea, ka ʻeli ʻana i nā luawai a me nā papahana ʻē aʻe.
8. Nā mea ʻē aʻe
Nā mea hoʻopili no nā kāmaʻa, nā pāpale, nā penikala, a pēlā aku, nā poli a me nā kala no ka ʻili, nā mea hoʻopaʻa no nā mea kinai ahi huʻa, a pēlā aku.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Ian-04-2023