Impuphu ye-polymer ehlakazekayo kanye nezinye izinto zokunamathisela ezingaphili (njengesimende, i-slaked lime, i-gypsum, ubumba, njll.) kanye nama-aggregates ahlukahlukene, ama-fillers kanye nezinye izithasiselo [njenge-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, i-polysaccharide (i-starch ether), i-fiber Fiber, njll.] zixutshwa ngokomzimba ukwenza udaka oluxubene nowomile. Lapho udaka oluxubene nowomile lufakwa emanzini futhi luvuselelwa, ngaphansi kwesenzo se-hydrophilic protective colloid kanye namandla okugunda ngomshini, izinhlayiya zempuphu ye-latex zingasakazwa ngokushesha emanzini, okwanele ukwenza impuphu ye-latex ehlakazekayo icwebezele ngokuphelele. Ukwakheka kwempuphu yerabha kuhlukile, okunomthelela ekuqondeni kwe-mortar kanye nezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene zokwakha: ukufana kwempuphu ye-latex namanzi lapho ihlakazwa kabusha, i-viscosity ehlukile yempuphu ye-latex ngemva kokuhlakazeka, umphumela kokuqukethwe komoya kodaka kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwama-bubbles, Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwempuphu yerabha nezinye izithasiselo kwenza ama-powder e-latex ahlukene abe nemisebenzi yokwandisa ukugeleza, ukwandisa i-thixotropy, kanye nokwandisa i-viscosity.
Ngokuvamile kukholelwa ukuthi indlela i-latex powder ephinde ihlakazeke ngayo ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-mortar entsha ukuthi i-latex powder, ikakhulukazi i-colloid evikelayo, inamandla okunamathela emanzini uma ihlakazeka, okwandisa i-viscosity ye-slurry futhi kuthuthukise ukuhlangana kwe-mortar yokwakha.
Ngemva kokuba udoti omusha oqukethe ukuhlakazeka kwempuphu ye-latex usubunjiwe, ngokumuncwa kwamanzi ebusweni besisekelo, ukusetshenziswa kokusabela komswakama, kanye nokuguquguquka komoya, amanzi ancipha kancane kancane, izinhlayiya ze-resin ziyasondela kancane kancane, isixhumi siyafiphala kancane kancane, futhi i-resin ihlangana kancane kancane. Ekugcineni i-polymeri ibe ifilimu. Inqubo yokwakheka kwefilimu ye-polymer ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu. Esigabeni sokuqala, izinhlayiya ze-polymer zihamba ngokukhululeka ngesimo sokunyakaza kwe-Brownian ku-emulsion yokuqala. Njengoba amanzi ehwamuka, ukunyakaza kwezinhlayiya kuncishiswa ngokwemvelo, futhi ukungezwani phakathi kwamanzi nomoya kubangela ukuthi zivumelane kancane kancane. Esigabeni sesibili, lapho izinhlayiya ziqala ukuxhumana, amanzi kunethiwekhi ayahwamuka nge-capillary, futhi ukungezwani okukhulu kwe-capillary okusetshenziswa ebusweni bezinhlayiya kubangela ukuguquka kwezinhlayiya ze-latex ukuze zenze zihlangane, futhi amanzi asele agcwalisa ama-pores, futhi ifilimu yakhiwa cishe. Isigaba sesithathu nesokugcina senza ukusabalala (ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi ukuzinamathela) kwama-molecule e-polymer kwakha ifilimu eqhubekayo ngempela. Ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwefilimu, izinhlayiya ze-latex ezihambayo ezihlukanisiwe ziyahlangana zibe yisigaba esisha sefilimu esincane esinokucindezeleka okuphezulu kokudonsa. Ngokusobala, ukuze i-polymer powder ehlakazekayo ikwazi ukwakha ifilimu ku-mortar eqiniswe kabusha, izinga lokushisa elincane lokwenza ifilimu (i-MFT) kumele liqinisekiswe ukuthi liphansi kunezinga lokushisa lokupholisa le-mortar.
Ama-Colloids – i-polyvinyl alcohol kumele ihlukaniswe nohlelo lwe-polymer membrane. Lokhu akuyona inkinga ohlelweni lwe-alkaline cement mortar, ngoba i-polyvinyl alcohol izofakwa i-saponified yi-alkali ekhiqizwa yi-samente hydration, futhi ukumuncwa kwezinto ze-quartz kuzohlukanisa kancane kancane i-polyvinyl alcohol nohlelo, ngaphandle kwe-hydrophilic protective colloid. , Ifilimu eyakhiwe ngokuhlakaza i-latex powder ephinde ihlakazeke, engancibiliki emanzini, ayikwazi ukusebenza kuphela ezimweni ezomile, kodwa futhi nasezimweni zokucwiliswa emanzini isikhathi eside. Vele, ezinhlelweni ezingezona i-alkaline, njenge-gypsum noma izinhlelo ezinezigcwalisi kuphela, njengoba i-polyvinyl alcohol isekhona ngokwengxenye kufilimu yokugcina ye-polymer, ethinta ukumelana kwamanzi kwefilimu, lapho lezi zinhlelo zingasetshenziswa ukucwiliswa emanzini isikhathi eside, futhi i-polymer isenezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile zemishini, i-polymer powder ehlakazekile ingasetshenziswa kulezi zinhlelo.
Ngokwakheka kokugcina kwefilimu ye-polymer, uhlelo olwakhiwe ngama-binder angaphili kanye naphilayo lwakhiwa ku-mortar elungisiwe, okungukuthi, uhlaka oluqinile noluqinile olwakhiwe ngezinto ze-hydraulic, futhi i-polymer powder ephinde ihlakazeke yakhiwa kunethiwekhi eguquguqukayo yesikhala kanye nobuso obuqinile. Amandla okuthamba kanye nokuhlangana kwefilimu ye-polymer resin eyakhiwe yi-latex powder kuyathuthukiswa. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwe-polymer, amandla okuguquguquka aphezulu kakhulu kunesakhiwo esiqinile setshe lesamente, ukusebenza kokuguquguquka kwe-mortar kuyathuthukiswa, futhi umphumela wokucindezeleka kokuhlakazeka uthuthukiswa kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswa ukumelana kokuqhekeka kwe-mortar.
Njengoba okuqukethwe yimpuphu ye-polymer ehlakazekayo kukhuphuka, lonke uhlelo luthuthukela epulasitikini. Uma kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwempuphu ye-latex, isigaba se-polymer ku-mortar elungisiwe sidlula kancane kancane isigaba somkhiqizo we-hydration wezinto eziphilayo, i-mortar izoshintsha ngokwekhwalithi futhi ibe yi-elastomer, kanti umkhiqizo we-hydration we-samente uzoba "ukugcwalisa". Amandla okuthamba, ukuqina, ukuguquguquka kanye nezakhiwo zokuvala ze-mortar eguqulwe ngempuphu ye-polymer ehlakazekayo kuthuthukisiwe. Ukufakwa kwempuphu ye-polymer ehlakazekayo kuvumela ifilimu ye-polymer (ifilimu ye-latex) ukuthi yakheke futhi yakhe ingxenye yezindonga ze-pore, ngaleyo ndlela ivale isakhiwo se-mortar esinezimbobo eziningi. I-membrane ye-latex inomshini wokuzilula osebenzisa ukucindezeleka ekubambeni kwayo ne-mortar. Ngala mandla angaphakathi, i-mortar ibanjwa iyonke, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa amandla ahlangene e-mortar. Ukuba khona kwama-polymer aguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi anwebekayo kakhulu kuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka kanye nokuqina kwe-mortar. Indlela yokwanda kokucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye namandla okwehluleka yilena elandelayo: lapho kusetshenziswa amandla, ama-microcrack ayabambezeleka ngenxa yokuthuthuka kokuguquguquka kanye nokuqina, futhi awakhi kuze kufinyelelwe ukucindezeleka okuphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izizinda ze-polymer ezihlanganisiwe nazo zivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe Ukuqhekeka okuncane kube yimifantu. Ngakho-ke, i-polymer powder ehlakazekayo yandisa ukucindezeleka kokuhluleka kanye nobunzima bokwehluleka kwezinto.
Ifilimu ye-polymer esesimendeni esiguqulwe nge-polymer inomthelela obaluleke kakhulu ekuqineni kwesimende. Impuphu ye-polymer ephinde ihlakazeke esatshalaliswa esibonakalayo idlala enye indima ebalulekile ngemuva kokuhlakazeka futhi yakhiwe ibe yifilimu, okuwukwandisa ukunamathela ezintweni ezithintanayo. Esakhiweni esincane sendawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwesimendeni esihlanganisiwe se-polymer esiguqulwe nge-polymer kanye nethayela le-ceramic, ifilimu eyakhiwe yi-polymer yakha ibhuloho phakathi kwethayela le-ceramic elihlanganisiwe eline-vitrified elinomuncwa wamanzi ophansi kakhulu kanye ne-cement mortar matrix. Indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezingafani iyindawo ekhethekile enobungozi obukhulu lapho kwakheka khona imifantu yokuncibilika futhi kuholele ekulahlekelweni kokunamathela. Ngakho-ke, ikhono lamafilimu e-latex lokwelapha imifantu yokuncibilika lidlala indima ebalulekile kuma-adhesive ethayela.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-polymer powder ephinde ihlakazeke equkethe i-ethylene inokunamathela okuvelele ezintweni eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi izinto ezifanayo, njenge-polyvinyl chloride ne-polystyrene. Isibonelo esihle se
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-31-2022