Cov hmoov polymer uas tawg tau thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis muaj zog (xws li cement, slaked lime, gypsum, av nplaum, thiab lwm yam) thiab ntau yam khoom sib xyaw, cov khoom sau thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv [xws li hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polysaccharide (starch ether), fiber Fiber, thiab lwm yam] raug sib xyaw ua ke los ua cov mortar qhuav. Thaum cov hmoov mortar qhuav ntxiv rau hauv dej thiab do, nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm hydrophilic tiv thaiv colloid thiab lub zog shearing, cov hmoov latex tuaj yeem tawg sai sai rau hauv dej, uas txaus kom ua rau cov hmoov latex rov tawg tau tag nrho zaj duab xis. Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov hmoov roj hmab yog txawv, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam rau rheology ntawm cov mortar thiab ntau yam khoom siv hauv kev tsim kho: qhov sib raug zoo ntawm cov hmoov latex rau dej thaum nws rov tawg, qhov sib txawv viscosity ntawm cov hmoov latex tom qab tawg, qhov cuam tshuam rau cov pa ntawm cov mortar thiab kev faib cov npuas, Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov hmoov roj hmab thiab lwm yam khoom ntxiv ua rau cov hmoov latex sib txawv muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog, nce thixotropy, thiab nce viscosity.
Feem ntau ntseeg tias lub tshuab uas cov hmoov latex uas rov tawg ua dua tshiab txhim kho qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov mortar tshiab yog tias cov hmoov latex, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov colloid tiv thaiv, muaj kev sib raug zoo rau dej thaum tawg ua tej daim me me, uas ua rau cov slurry viscosity nce ntxiv thiab txhim kho qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar tsim kho.
Tom qab cov mortar tshiab uas muaj cov hmoov latex dispersion raug tsim, nrog rau kev nqus dej los ntawm qhov chaw hauv paus, kev noj cov tshuaj hydration, thiab kev volatilization rau huab cua, dej maj mam txo qis, cov khoom resin maj mam los ze, qhov interface maj mam blurs, thiab cov resin maj mam fuses nrog ib leeg. Thaum kawg polymerized rau hauv ib zaj duab xis. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim zaj duab xis polymer yog muab faib ua peb theem. Hauv thawj theem, cov khoom polymer txav mus los ywj pheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm Brownian txav hauv thawj emulsion. Thaum cov dej evaporates, kev txav mus los ntawm cov khoom me me yog ntuj ntau dua thiab ntau dua, thiab qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov dej thiab huab cua ua rau lawv maj mam sib dhos ua ke. Hauv theem thib ob, thaum cov khoom me me pib sib cuag ib leeg, cov dej hauv lub network evaporates los ntawm capillary, thiab qhov kev sib txhuam capillary siab siv rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom me me ua rau deformation ntawm cov latex spheres ua rau lawv fuse ua ke, thiab cov dej seem puv cov pores, thiab zaj duab xis yog roughly tsim. Theem thib peb thiab kawg ua rau diffusion (qee zaum hu ua self-adhesion) ntawm cov polymer molecules los tsim ib zaj duab xis txuas ntxiv tiag tiag. Thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov zaj duab xis, cov khoom siv roj hmab uas raug cais tawm yuav sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib theem zaj duab xis nyias tshiab nrog kev ntxhov siab tensile siab. Nws yog qhov tseeb, txhawm rau kom cov hmoov polymer dispersible tuaj yeem tsim cov zaj duab xis hauv cov mortar rehardened, qhov kub tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov zaj duab xis tsim (MFT) yuav tsum tau lees tias qis dua qhov kub kho ntawm cov mortar.
Colloids - polyvinyl cawv yuav tsum tau sib cais ntawm lub kaw lus polymer membrane. Qhov no tsis yog teeb meem hauv lub kaw lus alkaline cement mortar, vim tias polyvinyl cawv yuav raug saponified los ntawm alkali tsim los ntawm cov cement hydration, thiab qhov adsorption ntawm cov khoom siv quartz yuav maj mam cais cov polyvinyl cawv ntawm lub kaw lus, tsis muaj hydrophilic tiv thaiv colloid. , Zaj duab xis tsim los ntawm kev tawg cov hmoov latex redispersible, uas yog insoluble hauv dej, tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm hauv cov xwm txheej qhuav, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov dej ntev. Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv cov kab ke tsis-alkaline, xws li gypsum lossis cov kab ke nrog tsuas yog fillers, txij li polyvinyl cawv tseem muaj ib feem nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis polymer kawg, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov tsis kam dej ntawm zaj duab xis, thaum cov kab ke no tsis siv rau kev nqus dej ntev, thiab cov polymer tseem muaj nws cov yam ntxwv kho tshuab, cov hmoov polymer dispersible tseem tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov kab ke no.
Nrog rau qhov kawg ntawm cov zaj duab xis polymer, ib lub kaw lus tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv inorganic thiab organic binders tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov mortar kho, uas yog, ib lub pob txha brittle thiab tawv ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hydraulic, thiab cov hmoov polymer redispersible tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv thiab qhov chaw khov kho. Lub network ywj pheej. Lub zog tensile thiab cohesion ntawm cov zaj duab xis polymer resin tsim los ntawm cov hmoov latex tau txhim kho. Vim yog qhov yooj ywm ntawm cov polymer, lub peev xwm deformation yog siab dua li cov qauv khov kho ntawm cov pob zeb cement, qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov mortar tau txhim kho, thiab cov nyhuv ntawm kev tawg kev ntxhov siab tau txhim kho zoo heev, yog li txhim kho qhov tawg tsis kam ntawm cov mortar.
Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hmoov polymer dispersible, tag nrho lub kaw lus tsim mus rau yas. Yog tias muaj cov hmoov latex ntau, cov polymer theem hauv cov mortar kho maj mam dhau qhov khoom inorganic hydration theem, cov mortar yuav hloov pauv zoo thiab dhau los ua elastomer, thiab cov khoom hydration ntawm cement yuav dhau los ua "filler". Lub zog tensile, elasticity, flexibility thiab sealing cov khoom ntawm cov mortar hloov kho nrog cov hmoov polymer dispersible tau zoo dua. Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov hmoov polymer dispersible tso cai rau cov zaj duab xis polymer (latex zaj duab xis) los tsim thiab tsim ib feem ntawm cov phab ntsa pore, yog li kaw cov qauv porous ntawm cov mortar. Lub membrane latex muaj lub tshuab ncab nws tus kheej uas siv kev nruj rau nws lub anchorage nrog cov mortar. Los ntawm cov zog sab hauv no, cov mortar raug tuav tag nrho, yog li ua rau lub zog sib koom ua ke ntawm cov mortar. Qhov muaj cov polymers yooj ywm thiab elasticity siab txhim kho qhov yooj ywm thiab elasticity ntawm cov mortar. Lub tshuab rau kev nce hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ua tsis tiav yog raws li nram no: thaum lub zog siv, microcracks raug ncua vim yog kev txhim kho hauv kev yooj ywm thiab elasticity, thiab tsis tsim kom txog thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov chaw sib txuas polymer kuj tseem cuam tshuam kev sib koom ua ke ntawm microcracks rau hauv los ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Yog li ntawd, cov hmoov polymer uas tawg tau ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cov zaj duab xis polymer hauv cov polymer-modified mortar muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb heev rau qhov tawv ntawm cov mortar. Cov hmoov polymer redispersible faib rau ntawm qhov interface ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tom qab raug dispersed thiab tsim ua ib zaj duab xis, uas yog kom nce qhov lo rau cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev sib cuag. Hauv microstructure ntawm thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm cov hmoov polymer-modified ceramic tile bonding mortar thiab cov vuas ceramic, zaj duab xis tsim los ntawm polymer tsim ib lub choj ntawm cov vuas ceramic vitrified nrog kev nqus dej tsawg heev thiab cov cement mortar matrix. Thaj chaw sib cuag ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv yog thaj chaw tshwj xeeb muaj kev pheej hmoo siab uas cov kab nrib pleb shrinkage tsim thiab ua rau poob ntawm kev sib txuas. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm ntawm cov zaj duab xis latex los kho cov kab nrib pleb shrinkage ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov nplais pobzeb.
Tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov polymer uas muaj ethylene uas rov ua dua tshiab muaj kev nplaum zoo dua rau cov khoom siv organic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws, xws li polyvinyl chloride thiab polystyrene. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-31-2022