Ka whakaranua ā-tinana te paura pūmua marara me ētahi atu piripiri kore-waro (pērā i te sima, te raima kua whakamararatia, te gypsum, te uku, me ētahi atu) me ngā momo rauemi, ngā whakakī me ētahi atu tāpiri [pērā i te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, te polysaccharide (māngaro ether), te muka muka, me ētahi atu] hei hanga i te moata maroke-ranu. Ina tāpirihia te moata paura maroke ki te wai, ā, ka whakaohokia, i raro i te mahi a te colloid tiaki hydrophilic me te kaha kutikuti miihini, ka taea te marara tere i ngā matūriki paura rapa ki roto i te wai, he nui tēnei hei hanga i te paura rapa marara anō kia kiriata katoa. He rerekē te hanganga o te paura rapa, he pānga ki te rheology o te moata me ngā āhuatanga hanga rerekē: te kaha o te paura rapa ki te wai ina marara anō, te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te paura rapa i muri i te marara, te pānga ki te ihirangi hau o te moata me te tohatoha o ngā mirumiru, Ko te taunekeneke i waenga i te paura rapa me ētahi atu tāpiri ka meinga ngā mahi a ngā paura rapa rerekē ki te whakanui ake i te rere, te whakanui ake i te thixotropy, me te whakanui ake i te matotoru.
E whakaponohia whānuitia ana ko te tikanga e whakapai ake ai te paura rapa horapa anō i te mahi o te moata hou, he kaha te hiahia o te paura rapa, inā koa te kōroiti tiaki, ki te wai ina horapa, ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te paru me te pai ake o te piri o te moata hanga.
I muri i te hanganga o te moata hou kei roto te paura rapa, me te mimiti o te wai e te mata o raro, te kai o te tauhohenga wai, me te mimiti ki te hau, ka heke haere te wai, ka whakatata haere ngā matūriki kapia, ka pōuri haere te atanga, ā, ka honoa haere te kapia ki a rātou anō, ā, ka mutu, ka whakakotahi hei kiriata. E toru ngā wāhanga o te hanganga kiriata kapia. I te wāhanga tuatahi, ka neke noa ngā matūriki kapia i roto i te āhua o te nekehanga Brownian i te emulsion tuatahi. I te mimiti haere o te wai, ka iti haere te nekehanga o ngā matūriki, ā, nā te taumahatanga atanga i waenga i te wai me te hau ka āta honoa ngātahi. I te wāhanga tuarua, ina tīmata ngā matūriki ki te pā tetahi ki tetahi, ka mimiti haere te wai i roto i te whatunga mā roto i te capillary, ā, nā te taumahatanga capillary teitei e pā ana ki te mata o ngā matūriki ka huri te āhua o ngā poro rapa kia honoa ngātahi, ā, ka whakakīia ngā pūwero e te wai e toe ana, ā, ka āhua hanga te kiriata. Ko te wāhanga tuatoru me te wāhanga whakamutunga ka taea te horapa (e kiia ana ko te piri-ā-koe) o ngā ngota kapia kia hanga he kiriata tonu. I te wā e hangaia ana te kiriata, ka whakakotahi ngā matūriki rapa nekeneke kua wehea hei wāhanga kiriata angiangi hou me te ahotea kume teitei. He mārama, kia taea ai e te paura pūmua marara te hanga i tētahi kiriata i roto i te moata kua whakapakeketia anō, me whakarite kia iti iho te pāmahana hanga kiriata iti rawa (MFT) i te pāmahana whakamaroke o te moata.
Ngā Koroiti – me wehe te waipiro polyvinyl mai i te pūnaha kiriuhi polymer. Ehara tēnei i te raruraru i roto i te pūnaha moata sima kawakore, nā te mea ka whakapūpūtia te waipiro polyvinyl e te kawakore i hangaia e te whakamakuku sima, ā, mā te mimiti o te rauemi quartz ka wehea mārire te waipiro polyvinyl mai i te pūnaha, me te kore he koroiti tiaki hydrophilic. , Ko te kiriata i hangaia mā te whakamarara i te paura rapa ka taea te whakamarara anō, e kore e wairewa i roto i te wai, kāore e taea te mahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga maroke anake, engari i roto hoki i ngā āhuatanga rumaki wai mō te wā roa. Ko te tikanga, i roto i ngā pūnaha kore-kawakore, pērā i te gypsum, i ngā pūnaha rānei he whakakī anake, nā te mea kei te noho tonu te waipiro polyvinyl i roto i te kiriata polymer whakamutunga, e pā ana ki te ātete wai o te kiriata, ina kore ēnei pūnaha e whakamahia mō te rumaki wai mō te wā roa, ā, kei te mau tonu ngā āhuatanga miihini o te polymer, ka taea tonu te whakamahi i te paura polymer ka taea te whakamarara i roto i ēnei pūnaha.
I te hanganga whakamutunga o te kiriata pūmua, ka hangaia he pūnaha i hangaia mai i ngā here kore-waro me ngā here waro i roto i te moata kua rongoatia, arā, he anga pakarukaru me te mārō i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi waipēhi, ā, ka hangaia he paura pūmua ka taea te whakamarara anō i roto i te āputa me te mata totoka. whatunga ngāwari. Ka whakarei ake te kaha kume me te piri o te kiriata kapia pūmua i hangaia e te paura rapa. Nā te ngāwari o te pūmua, he nui ake te kaha whakarerekētanga i te hanganga mārō o te kōhatu sima, ka pai ake te mahi whakarerekētanga o te moata, ā, ka tino pai ake te pānga o te ahotea whakamarara, ā, ka whakapai ake i te ātete pakaru o te moata.
I te pikinga ake o te ihirangi paura pūmua marara, ka whanake te pūnaha katoa ki te kirihou. Mēnā he nui te ihirangi o te paura rapa, ka piki haere te wāhanga pūmua i roto i te moata kua rongoatia i te wāhanga hua whakamākūkū kore-waro, ka huri te moata i te kounga ka noho hei elastomer, ā, ka noho te hua whakamākūkū o te sima hei "whakakī". Kua pai ake te kaha kume, te ngāwari, te ngāwari me ngā āhuatanga hiri o te moata i whakarerekētia ki te paura pūmua marara. Mā te whakaurunga o ngā paura pūmua marara ka taea e te kiriata pūmua (kiriata rapa) te hanga me te hanga i tētahi wāhanga o ngā pakitara pore, ā, ka hiritia te hanganga tino pore o te moata. He tikanga totoro-ake tō te kiriuhi rapa e whakamahi ana i te taumahatanga ki tōna hononga ki te moata. Mā roto i ēnei kaha ā-roto, ka mau te moata katoa, ā, ka whakanui ake i te kaha piri o te moata. Mā te noho mai o ngā pūmua tino ngāwari me te tino ngāwari ka whakapai ake i te ngāwari me te ngāwari o te moata. Ko te tikanga mō te whakanui ake i te ahotea hua me te kaha rahunga koia tēnei: ina whakamahia he kaha, ka whakaroahia ngā pakaru moroiti nā te whakapainga o te ngāwari me te ngāwari, ā, kāore e hanga kia tae rā anō ki ngā ahotea teitei ake. Hei tāpiri, ka āraihia hoki e ngā rohe pūmua kua rarangahia te hanumi o ngā pakaru moroiti ki roto. ngā kapiti mā roto. Nō reira, ka whakanui ake te paura pūmua marara i te ahotea rahunga me te taumahatanga rahunga o te rauemi.
He tino pānga nui te kiriata pūmua i roto i te moata kua whakarerekētia e te pūmua ki te whakapakeketanga o te moata. Ko te paura pūmua ka taea te horapa anō e horahia ana i runga i te atanga he mahi nui anō i muri i te horapa me te hanga hei kiriata, arā, ko te whakanui ake i te piri ki ngā rauemi e pā ana. I roto i te hanganga moroiti o te rohe atanga i waenga i te moata here tāera uku kua whakarerekētia e te pūmua me te tāera uku, ka hangaia e te kiriata i hangaia e te pūmua he piriti i waenga i te tāera uku kua whakakīia me te tino iti o te mimiti wai me te matrix moata sima. Ko te rohe pā i waenga i ngā rauemi rerekē e rua he wāhi tino mōrearea te wāhi e puta ai ngā kapiti mimiti, ka arahi ki te ngaronga o te piri. Nō reira, ko te kaha o ngā kiriata rapa ki te whakaora i ngā kapiti mimiti he mahi nui i roto i ngā piripiri tāera.
I taua wā anō, he kaha ake te piri o te paura pūmua ka taea te whakamarara anō kei roto ko te ethylene ki ngā papa rauropi, inā koa ngā rauemi rite, pērā i te polyvinyl chloride me te polystyrene. He tauira pai tēnei o
Wā tuku: Oketopa-31-2022