Cellulose ether ndi polima yopanda ionic semi-synthetic, yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi komanso imasungunuka ndi zosungunulira. Ili ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu zipangizo zomangira mankhwala, ili ndi zotsatira zotsatirazi:
①Wothandizira kusunga madzi
②Chokhuthala
③Kukweza mulingo
④Kupanga mafilimu
⑤ Chomangirira
Mu makampani opanga polyvinyl chloride, ndi emulsifier ndi dispersant; mu makampani opanga mankhwala, ndi binder komanso zinthu zotulutsa pang'onopang'ono komanso zolamulidwa, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa cellulose ili ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zophatikizika, ntchito yake ndi yofala kwambiri. Kenako, ndiyang'ana kwambiri pa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ntchito ya cellulose ether mu zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomangira.
1. Mu makampani opanga utoto wa latex, sankhani hydroxyethyl cellulose, kufotokozera kwa kukhuthala kofanana ndi RT30000-50000cps, komwe kumagwirizana ndi kufotokozera kwa HBR250, ndipo mlingo wofunikira nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi 1.5‰-2‰. Ntchito yayikulu ya hydroxyethyl mu utoto wa latex ndikukhuthala, kuletsa kufalikira kwa utoto, kuthandiza kufalikira kwa utoto, kukhazikika kwa latex, ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala kwa zigawo, zomwe zimathandiza pakugwira ntchito bwino kwa kapangidwe kake: Hydroxyethyl cellulose ndiyosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Itha kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira kapena m'madzi otentha, ndipo siyikhudzidwa ndi pH. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pakati pa PI value 2 ndi 12. Njira zogwiritsira ntchito ndi izi:
I. Onjezani mwachindunji mu kupanga: Pa njira iyi, hydroxyethyl cellulose delayed mtundu uyenera kusankhidwa, ndipo hydroxyethyl cellulose yokhala ndi nthawi yosungunuka ya mphindi zoposa 30 imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Madzi oyera okwanira mkati mwa pakamwa ②Yambani kusakaniza ndi liwiro lotsika mosalekeza, ndipo nthawi yomweyo onjezerani pang'onopang'ono hydroxyethyl mu yankho mofanana ③Pitirizani kusakaniza mpaka zinthu zonse za granular zitanyowa ④Onjezani zowonjezera zina ndi zowonjezera za alkaline, ndi zina zotero. ⑤Sakanizani mpaka magulu onse a hydroxyethyl atasungunuka kwathunthu, kenako onjezerani zigawo zina mu fomula, ndikupera mpaka chinthu chomalizidwa.
Ⅱ. Yokhala ndi mowa wothira madzi kuti mugwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake: Njira iyi ingasankhe cellulose yofulumira, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu yotsutsana ndi chimfine. Ubwino wa njira iyi ndikuti imakhala yosinthasintha kwambiri ndipo imatha kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku utoto wa latex. Njira yokonzekera ndi yofanana ndi masitepe ①-④.
Ⅲ. Konzani phala kuti mugwiritse ntchito pambuyo pake: Popeza zosungunulira zachilengedwe ndi zosungunulira zopanda mphamvu (zosasungunuka) za hydroxyethyl, zosungunulirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera phala. Zosungunulira zachilengedwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zakumwa zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka mu utoto wa latex, monga ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ndi zinthu zopangira filimu (monga diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Porridge ya hydroxyethyl cellulose ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku utoto. Pitirizani kusakaniza mpaka itasungunuka kwathunthu.
2. Mu putty yokanda pakhoma: Pakadali pano, putty yoteteza chilengedwe yomwe siigwira madzi komanso yosakanizidwa m'mizinda yambiri m'dziko langa yakhala ikukondedwa ndi anthu. Guluu wathanzi komanso womanga umapangidwa ndi acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol ndi formaldehyde. Chifukwa chake, zinthuzi zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndi anthu, ndipo zinthu za cellulose ether zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa zinthuzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, popanga zipangizo zomangira zosawononga chilengedwe, cellulose ndiye chinthu chokhacho chomwe chilipo. Mu putty yosagwira madzi, imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: putty youma ndi putty phala. Pakati pa mitundu iwiriyi ya putty, methyl cellulose yosinthidwa ndi hydroxypropyl methyl ziyenera kusankhidwa. Kufotokozera kwa viscosity nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 30000-60000cps. Ntchito zazikulu za cellulose mu putty ndi kusunga madzi, kugwirizana ndi mafuta. Popeza ma formula a putty a opanga osiyanasiyana ndi osiyana, ena ndi imvi calcium, calcium yopepuka, simenti yoyera, ndi zina zotero, ndipo ena ndi ufa wa gypsum, calcium yoyera, calcium yopepuka, ndi zina zotero, kotero kufotokozera, kukhuthala ndi kulowa kwa cellulose m'ma formula awiriwa nakonso n'kosiyana. Kuchuluka komwe kwawonjezeredwa ndi pafupifupi 2‰-3‰. Pomanga putty yokanda khoma, popeza pamwamba pa khoma pali madzi enaake (kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa madzi pakhoma la njerwa ndi 13%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa madzi pa konkire ndi 3-5%), kuphatikiza ndi kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera kunja, ngati putty itataya madzi mwachangu kwambiri, Zidzapangitsa kuti ming'alu kapena kuchotsedwa kwa ufa, zomwe zidzafooketsa mphamvu ya putty. Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera cellulose ether kudzathetsa vutoli. Koma mtundu wa filler, makamaka mtundu wa phulusa calcium ndi wofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa cellulose, kuyandama kwa putty kumawonjezekanso, ndipo chinthu chotsika panthawi yomanga chimapewedwanso, ndipo chimakhala chomasuka komanso chopulumutsa ntchito mutachotsa. Ndikosavuta kuwonjezera cellulose ether mu ufa wa putty. Kupanga kwake ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndikosavuta. Chodzaza ndi zowonjezera zimatha kusakanikirana mofanana mu ufa wouma.
3. Dothi la konkriti: Mu dothi la konkriti, kuti likhale ndi mphamvu yokwanira, simenti iyenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira. Makamaka nthawi yachilimwe yomanga, dothi la konkriti limataya madzi mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo miyeso ya madzi okwanira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ndi kuwaza madzi. Njira yoyamba ndikuwononga madzi ndi ntchito yosasangalatsa. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi yakuti madzi amakhala pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo madzi amkati sali okwanira. Chifukwa chake, yankho la vutoli ndikuwonjezera zinthu zisanu ndi zitatu zosungira madzi ku dothi la konkriti. Nthawi zambiri, hydroxypropyl imasankhidwa. Methyl kapena methyl cellulose, kuchuluka kwa viscosity kuli pakati pa 20000-60000cps, ndipo kuchuluka kowonjezera ndi 2%-3%. Kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira madzi kumatha kuwonjezeredwa mpaka kupitirira 85%. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mu dothi la konkriti ndikusakaniza ufa wouma mofanana ndikutsanulira m'madzi.
4. Pakuyika pulasitala gypsum, bonding gypsum, ndi caulking gypsum: Chifukwa cha kukula kwachangu kwa makampani omanga, anthu akufunanso zipangizo zatsopano zomangira. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha anthu chokhudza kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga, zinthu zomangira simenti. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi gypsum zapangidwa mwachangu. Pakadali pano, zinthu zomangira zodziwika bwino ndi gypsum, bonding gypsum, inlaid gypsum, ndi tile adhesive. Plastering gypsum ndi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomangira makoma ndi denga. Pakhoma lopakidwa ndi losalala komanso losalala. Guluu watsopano wa board light board ndi chinthu chomata chopangidwa ndi gypsum ngati maziko ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana. Ndi yoyenera kumangirira pakati pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zomangira makoma. Sichimayambitsa poizoni, Sichimanunkha, chili ndi mphamvu yoyambirira komanso chimakhazikika mwachangu, chimakhala cholimba komanso chili ndi makhalidwe ena, ndi chinthu chothandizira pa matabwa omangira ndi zomangamanga; gypsum caulking agent ndi chodzaza mipata pakati pa matabwa a gypsum ndi chodzaza chokonzera makoma ndi ming'alu. Zinthuzi za gypsum zili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito ya gypsum ndi zodzaza zina, nkhani yaikulu ndi yakuti zowonjezera za cellulose ether zomwe zawonjezeredwa zimakhala ndi gawo lotsogola. Popeza gypsum imagawidwa mu gypsum yopanda madzi ndi gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsum yosiyana imakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana pa magwiridwe antchito a chinthucho, kotero kukhuthala, kusunga madzi ndi kuchedwa kumatsimikizira mtundu wa zipangizo zomangira gypsum. Vuto lofala la zipangizozi ndi kusweka ndi kusweka, ndipo mphamvu yoyamba siingatheke. Kuti muthetse vutoli, ndikusankha mtundu wa cellulose ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito compound ya retarder. Pankhaniyi, methyl kapena hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa. -60000cps, kuchuluka kowonjezera ndi 1.5%–2%. Pakati pawo, cellulose imayang'ana kwambiri pakusunga madzi ndi kuletsa mafuta. Komabe, sizingatheke kudalira cellulose ether ngati retarder, ndipo ndikofunikira kuwonjezera citric acid retarder kuti musakanize ndikugwiritsa ntchito popanda kukhudza mphamvu yoyamba. Kusunga madzi nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe kudzatayika mwachilengedwe popanda kuyamwa madzi akunja. Ngati khoma lili louma kwambiri, kuyamwa madzi ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi pansi pa nthaka kudzapangitsa kuti zinthuzo zitaye madzi mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo mabowo ndi ming'alu zidzachitikanso. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito iyi imasakanizidwa ndi ufa wouma. Ngati mukukonzekera yankho, chonde onani njira yokonzekera yankho.
5. Chophimba choteteza kutentha Chophimba choteteza kutentha ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zotetezera kutentha mkati mwa khoma m'chigawo chakumpoto. Ndi zinthu zotetezera kutentha zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zotetezera kutentha, chophimba ndi chomangira. Mu zinthuzi, cellulose imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakumanga ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu. Nthawi zambiri sankhani methyl cellulose yokhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu (pafupifupi 10000eps), mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala pakati pa 2‰-3‰), ndipo njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kusakaniza ufa wouma.
6. Chogwirizira cholumikizira Sankhani HPNC 20,000 cps ngati chogwirizira cholumikizira, sankhani 60,000 cps kapena kuposerapo ngati chogwirira matailosi, ndipo yang'anani kwambiri pa chogwirizira chokhuthala mu chogwirizira cholumikizira, chomwe chingathandize kulimbitsa mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu yotsutsana ndi mivi. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chogwirizira madzi mu mgwirizano wa matailosi kuti matailosi asaume msanga ndikugwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-18-2023