Cellulose ether bụ polima semi-synthetic na-abụghị ionic, nke na-agbaze mmiri ma na-agbazekwa ihe mgbaze. O nwere mmetụta dị iche iche n'ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ihe owuwu kemịkalụ, ọ nwere mmetụta ndị a:
①Njikwa mmiri
②Ọkpụkpụ
③Ịkwa ọkwa
④ Nhazi ihe nkiri
⑤ Ihe njide
N'ụlọ ọrụ polyvinyl chloride, ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ihe dị ọcha ma na-agbasa; n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ, ọ bụ ihe na-ejikọ ihe na ihe eji ewepụta ihe nwayọ nwayọ ma na-achịkwa, wdg. N'ihi na cellulose nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta dị iche iche, ojiji ya. Ọgba ahụ bụkwa nke kachasị ukwuu. Na-esote, m ga-elekwasị anya na ojiji na ọrụ nke cellulose ether n'ọtụtụ ihe owuwu.
1. N'ụlọ ọrụ agba latex, họrọ hydroxyethyl cellulose, nkọwapụta izugbe nke nha anya nhata bụ RT30000-50000cps, nke kwekọrọ na nkọwapụta nke HBR250, na usoro ntụaka bụ ihe dịka 1.5-2‰. Isi ọrụ nke hydroxyethyl na agba latex bụ ime ka ọ dị arọ, igbochi njikọta nke agba, nyere aka gbasaa nke agba, nkwụsi ike nke latex, na ịbawanye viscosity nke ihe ndị mejupụtara ya, nke na-enyere aka maka arụmọrụ nhazi nke owuwu ahụ: Hydroxyethyl cellulose dị mfe iji. Enwere ike ịgbaze ya na mmiri oyi ma ọ bụ mmiri ọkụ, uru pH anaghị emetụta ya. Enwere ike iji ya n'enweghị nsogbu n'etiti uru PI 2 na 12. Ụzọ eji ya bụ ndị a:
I. Tinye ozugbo na mmepụta: Maka usoro a, a ga-ahọrọ ụdị hydroxyethyl cellulose delayed, a ga-ejikwa hydroxyethyl cellulose nke nwere oge ịgbaze ihe karịrị nkeji iri atọ. ② Malite ịkpalite ya n'ọsọ dị ala mgbe niile, ma jiri nwayọ tinye hydroxyethyl n'ime ngwọta ahụ n'otu aka ahụ ③Gaa n'ihu na-agwakọta ruo mgbe ihe niile dị na granular mikpuru ④Tinye ihe mgbakwunye na ihe mgbakwunye alkaline, wdg. ⑤Gwakọta ruo mgbe otu hydroxyethyl niile gbazere kpamkpam, wee tinye ihe ndị ọzọ dị na usoro ahụ, ma ghee ya ruo mgbe ngwaahịa ahụ mechara.
Ⅱ. E tinyere ihe ọṅụṅụ nne maka ojiji ma emechaa: Usoro a nwere ike ịhọrọ cellulose ozugbo, nke nwere mmetụta mgbochi mildew. Uru nke usoro a bụ na ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe karịa ma enwere ike itinye ya ozugbo na agba latex. Usoro nkwadebe ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ dị ka usoro ①-④.
Ⅲ. Kwadebe ofe maka ojiji ma emechaa: Ebe ọ bụ na ihe mgbaze organic abụghị ihe mgbaze na-adịghị mma (anaghị agbaze) maka hydroxyethyl, enwere ike iji ihe mgbaze organic ndị a kwadebe ofe. Ihe mgbaze organic ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ mmiri organic dị na usoro agba latex, dị ka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe nkiri (dị ka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Enwere ike itinye ofe hydroxyethyl cellulose ozugbo na agba ahụ. Nọgide na-agwakọta ruo mgbe ọ ga-agbaze kpamkpam.
2. N'ime ihe e ji ehicha ihe n'ime mgbidi: Ugbu a, ihe e ji echekwa gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-anaghị eguzogide mmiri ma na-anaghị ekpochapụ ihe n'ọtụtụ obodo dị na mba m abụrụla ihe ndị mmadụ ji kpọrọ ihe. A na-eme gluu dị mma, nke e ji arụ ọrụ site n'ịme ka polyvinyl alcohol na formaldehyde dị nro. Ya mere, ndị mmadụ na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ewepụ ihe a, a na-ejikwa ngwaahịa cellulose ether dochie ihe a. Nke ahụ pụtara na maka mmepe nke ihe owuwu na-adịghị emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi, cellulose bụ naanị ihe e ji echekwa mmiri. N'ime ihe e ji echekwa mmiri, a na-ekewa ya n'ụdị abụọ: ihe e ji ekpo nkụ na ihe e ji ekpochapụ ihe. N'ime ụdị putty abụọ a, a ga-ahọrọ methyl cellulose na hydroxypropyl methyl agbanwere agbanwe. Nkọwapụta viscosity dị n'etiti 30000-60000cps. Ọrụ bụ isi nke cellulose na putty bụ idobe mmiri, njikọ na mmanụ. Ebe ọ bụ na usoro putty nke ndị nrụpụta dị iche iche dị iche, ụfọdụ bụ calcium isi awọ, calcium dị mfe, simenti ọcha, wdg, ụfọdụ bụkwa ntụ gypsum, calcium isi awọ, calcium dị mfe, wdg, yabụ nkọwapụta, viscosity na ntinye nke cellulose n'ime usoro abụọ ahụ dịkwa iche. Ego agbakwunyere dị ihe dị ka 2-3. N'iwu nke putty ịkpụcha mgbidi, ebe ọ bụ na elu ala nke mgbidi ahụ nwere oke nnabata mmiri (ọsọ nnabata mmiri nke mgbidi brik bụ 13%, ọnụego nnabata mmiri nke simenti bụ 3-5%), yana ikuku nke ụwa mpụga, ọ bụrụ na putty efuo mmiri ngwa ngwa, Ọ ga-eduga na mgbawa ma ọ bụ iwepụ ntụ ntụ, nke ga-eme ka ike nke putty ghara ịdị ike. Ya mere, itinye cellulose ether ga-edozi nsogbu a. Mana àgwà nke ihe na-ejupụta, karịsịa àgwà nke calcium ntụ dịkwa oke mkpa. N'ihi oke viscosity nke cellulose, a na-eme ka putty na-enwu nke ọma, a na-ezerekwa ihe na-ada ada n'oge owuwu, ọ na-adịkwa mma ma na-azọpụta ọrụ mgbe a kpụchara ya. Ọ ka mma itinye cellulose ether n'ime ntụ ntụ. Mmepụta na ojiji ya dị mfe karị. Enwere ike ịgwakọta ihe na-emeju ihe na ihe mgbakwunye ya n'otu ụzọ ahụ na ntụ kpọrọ nkụ.
3. Ngwakọta simenti: Iji nweta ike kachasị elu, a ga-eme ka simenti ahụ dị mmiri mmiri nke ọma. Karịsịa n'oge owuwu oge okpomọkụ, ngwakọta simenti ahụ na-efunahụ mmiri ngwa ngwa, a na-ejikwa usoro nke mmiri zuru oke iji dobe ma fesa mmiri. Ụzọ mbụ bụ imefusị ihe onwunwe mmiri na ọrụ na-adịghị mma. Isi ihe bụ na mmiri ahụ dị naanị n'elu, mmiri dị n'ime ya ka ezughị ezu. Ya mere, ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu a bụ ịgbakwunye ihe nchekwa mmiri asatọ na simenti simenti. N'ozuzu, a na-ahọrọ hydroxypropyl. Methyl ma ọ bụ methyl cellulose, nkọwapụta viscosity dị n'etiti 20000-60000cps, ego mgbakwunye bụ 2%-3%. Enwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nchekwa mmiri ruo ihe karịrị 85%. Ụzọ eji eme ihe na simenti simenti bụ ịgwakọta ntụ akọrọ nke ọma ma wụsa ya na mmiri.
4. N'ịkwanye gypsum, ijikọ gypsum, na ijikọ gypsum: Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ owuwu, ọchịchọ ndị mmadụ maka ihe owuwu ọhụrụ na-amụbakwa. N'ihi mmụba nke mmata ndị mmadụ banyere nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na mmụba na-aga n'ihu nke arụmọrụ owuwu, ihe ndị e ji simenti mepụta ngwaahịa Gypsum ngwa ngwa. Ugbu a, ngwaahịa gypsum kachasị bụ gypsum plastering, gypsum ejikọta, gypsum inlaid, na taịlị gluu. Gypsum plastering bụ ihe dị elu maka mgbidi na uko ụlọ dị n'ime. Elu mgbidi e ji ya kpuchie dị mma ma dị ire ụtọ. Ihe mgbakwunye ọkụ ụlọ ọhụrụ bụ ihe na-arapara arapara nke e ji gypsum mee dị ka ihe ndabere na ihe mgbakwunye dị iche iche. Ọ dabara adaba maka ijikọ n'etiti ihe dị iche iche na-adịghị mma n'ime mgbidi ụlọ. Ọ naghị egbu egbu, enweghị isi, ike mbụ na ntọala ngwa ngwa, njikọ siri ike na njirimara ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ ihe nkwado maka bọọdụ ụlọ na owuwu blọk; ihe nnọchi anya gypsum caulking bụ ihe na-ejupụta oghere n'etiti bọọdụ gypsum na ihe na-eme ka mgbidi na mgbawa gbawaa. Ngwaahịa gypsum ndị a nwere usoro ọrụ dị iche iche. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nke gypsum na ihe ndị metụtara ya, isi okwu bụ na ihe mgbakwunye cellulose ether agbakwunyere na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa. Ebe ọ bụ na gypsum kewara n'ime gypsum anhydrous na hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum dị iche iche nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na arụmọrụ nke ngwaahịa ahụ, yabụ ịka nká, idobe mmiri na nkwụsịtụ na-ekpebi ịdị mma nke ihe owuwu gypsum. Nsogbu a na-ahụkarị nke ihe ndị a bụ oghere na mgbawa, enweghịkwa ike iru ike mbụ. Iji dozie nsogbu a, ọ bụ ịhọrọ ụdị cellulose na ụzọ ojiji nke ihe mgbochi. N'akụkụ a, a na-ahọrọkarị methyl ma ọ bụ hydroxypropyl methyl 30000. -60000cps, ego mgbakwunye bụ 1.5%–2%. N'ime ha, cellulose na-elekwasị anya na idobe mmiri na igbochi mmanụ. Agbanyeghị, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịdabere na cellulose ether dị ka ihe mgbochi, ọ dịkwa mkpa ịgbakwunye ihe mgbochi citric acid iji gwakọta ma jiri ya na-enweghị mmetụta nke ike mbụ. Idobe mmiri na-ezo aka n'otú mmiri ga-efu n'ụzọ ebumpụta ụwa na-enweghị nnabata mmiri mpụga. Ọ bụrụ na mgbidi ahụ kpọrọ nkụ nke ukwuu, mmiri na-amịkọrọ na mmiri na-esi n'elu ala ahụ ga-eme ka ihe ahụ ghara ịpụ apụ ngwa ngwa, oghere na mgbawa ga-emekwa. A na-agwakọta usoro ojiji a na ntụ akọrọ. Ọ bụrụ na ị kwadebe ngwọta, biko lee usoro nkwadebe nke ngwọta ahụ.
5. Mgbọrọgwụ mkpuchi Mgbọrọgwụ mkpuchi bụ ụdị ihe mkpuchi mgbidi dị n'ime ime na mpaghara ugwu. Ọ bụ ihe mgbidi nke ejiri ihe mkpuchi, ihe mkpuchi na ihe njikọ mepụta. N'ime ihe a, cellulose na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịjikọta na ịbawanye ike. Na-ahọrọkarị methyl cellulose nwere oke viscosity (ihe dị ka 10000eps), usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ na-adịkarị n'etiti 2‰-3‰), ụzọ eji ya bụ ịgwakọta ntụ ntụ kpọrọ nkụ.
6. Onye na-ahụ maka njikọ Họrọ HPNC 20,000 cps dị ka onye na-ahụ maka njikọ, họrọ 60,000 cps ma ọ bụ karịa dị ka ihe na-arapara taịlị, ma lekwasị anya na ihe na-eme ka ihe sie ike na ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdị mma. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-ejide mmiri na njikọ nke taịlị iji gbochie taịlị ka mmiri ghara ịgwụ ngwa ngwa ma daa.
Oge ozi: Febụwarị-18-2023