Cellulose ether ni polymer idakora ionic, ishobora gushonga mu mazi no gushonga mu buryo bwa solvent. Igira ingaruka zitandukanye mu nganda zitandukanye. Urugero, mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya shimi, igira ingaruka zikurikira:
①Ikintu gifata amazi
②Ibyinshi bikonjesha
③Gupima urwego
④Gutunganya filime
⑤ Icyuma gifunga
Mu nganda za polyvinyl chloride, ni emulsifier na dispersant; mu nganda zikora imiti, ni igikoresho gifunga kandi gisohora buhoro buhoro kandi kikagenzurwa, nibindi. Kubera ko cellulose ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, ikoreshwa ryayo ni naryo rinini cyane. Ibikurikira, ndibanda ku ikoreshwa n'imikorere ya cellulose ether mu bikoresho bitandukanye by'ubwubatsi.
1. Mu nganda zikora amarangi ya latex, hitamo hydroxyethyl cellulose, ibisobanuro rusange by'ubukana bungana ni RT30000-50000cps, bihuye n'ibipimo bya HBR250, kandi igipimo cy'ibanze muri rusange ni hafi 1.5‰-2‰. Akamaro k'ingenzi ka hydroxyethyl mu irangi rya latex ni ukubyimba, gukumira ko ibara ritambuka, gufasha gukwirakwira kw'ibara, kugumana ubukana bwa latex, no kongera ubukana bw'ibice bigize irangi, ibi bikaba ingirakamaro mu mikorere y'ubwubatsi: Hydroxyethyl cellulose iraryoshye cyane kuyikoresha. Ishobora gushonga mu mazi akonje cyangwa mu mazi ashyushye, kandi ntigira ingaruka ku gipimo cya pH. Ishobora gukoreshwa neza hagati ya PI value 2 na 12. Uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ubu bukurikira:
I. Shyiramo mu buryo butaziguye mu musaruro: Muri ubu buryo, hagomba gutoranywa ubwoko bwa hydroxyethyl cellulose bwatinze, hanyuma hagakoreshwa hydroxyethyl cellulose ifite igihe cyo gushonga iminota irenga 30. Amazi meza mu kanwa ②Tangira kuvanga ku muvuduko muto uhoraho, kandi icyarimwe ongeramo hydroxyethyl buhoro buhoro mu musaruro ③Komeza kuvanga kugeza ibikoresho byose byuzuye ④Ongeramo ibindi bikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bya alkaline, nibindi. ⑤Vanga kugeza igihe amatsinda yose ya hydroxyethyl ashongeshejwe burundu, hanyuma ongeramo ibindi bintu muri formula, hanyuma usya kugeza igihe umusaruro urangiye.
Ⅱ. Ifite inzoga y'inka kugira ngo ikoreshwe nyuma: Ubu buryo bushobora guhitamo selulose ihita ikoreshwa, ifite ingaruka zo kurwanya ubwivumbure. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bufite ubworoherane bwinshi kandi bushobora kongerwamo irangi rya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni bumwe n'intambwe ①-④.
Ⅲ. Tegura igikoma cyo kuzakoresha nyuma: Kubera ko ibikomoka ku bimera ari ibikomoka ku bimera bidashonga neza (bidashonga neza) kuri hydroxyethyl, ibi bikomoka ku bimera bishobora gukoreshwa mu gutegura igikoma. Ibikomoka ku bimera bikunze gukoreshwa ni ibikomoka ku bimera mu irangi rya latex, nka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, n'ibintu bikora filime (nka diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Igikoma cya hydroxyethyl cellulose gishobora kongerwamo irangi mu buryo butaziguye. Komeza uvange kugeza bishonge neza.
2. Muri putty yo gukurura inkuta: Muri iki gihe, putty yo kurinda ibidukikije idapfa amazi kandi idapfa gusukurwa mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye yahabwaga agaciro n'abantu. Kole nziza kandi yubatswe ikorwa hakoreshejwe acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, iyi mashini ikurwaho buhoro buhoro n'abantu, kandi ibikoresho bya cellulose ether bikoreshwa mu gusimbuza iyi mashini. Ni ukuvuga ko, kugira ngo hakorwe ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitangiza ibidukikije, cellulose ni yo yonyine ikoreshwa. Muri putty yo kwirinda amazi, igabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: putty y'ifu yumye na putty paste. Muri ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa putty, cellulose ya methyl yahinduwe na hydroxypropyl methyl igomba gutoranywa. Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe muri rusange biri hagati ya 30000-60000cps. Imirimo y'ingenzi ya cellulose muri putty ni ugufata amazi, kuyahuza no kuyasiga. Kubera ko formula za putty z’inganda zitandukanye zitandukanye, zimwe ni calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, sima yera, nibindi, izindi ni ifu ya gypsum, calcium y’ikijuju, calcium yoroheje, nibindi, bityo ibisobanuro, ubukana n’ubwinjirire bwa cellulose muri izo formula zombi nabyo biratandukanye. Ingano yongewemo ni hafi 2‰-3‰. Mu kubaka putty yo gusya inkuta, kubera ko ubuso bw’urukuta bufite urugero runaka rwo kwinjiza amazi (igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi ku rukuta rw’amatafari ni 13%, kandi igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi kuri sima ni 3-5%), hamwe no guhumeka kw’isi yo hanze, iyo putty itakaje amazi vuba cyane, bizatuma habaho imyanya cyangwa gukuraho ifu, bizagabanya imbaraga za putty. Kubwibyo, kongeramo ether ya cellulose bizakemura iki kibazo. Ariko ubwiza bw’icyuma cyo kuzura, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium y’ivu nabwo ni ingenzi cyane. Kubera ubukana bwinshi bwa cellulose, ubukana bwa putty nabwo burarushaho kwiyongera, kandi ikintu cyo kumanuka mu gihe cyo kubaka nacyo kirarindwa, kandi biraryoshye kandi bigabanya abakozi nyuma yo gusya. Biroroshye kongeramo eteri ya cellulose muri putty y'ifu. Ikorwa ryayo n'ikoreshwa ryayo biroroshye. Ibyuzuza n'inyongeramusaruro bishobora kuvangwa mu ifu yumye neza.
3. Sima ya beto: Mu sima ya beto, kugira ngo igere ku mbaraga zidasanzwe, sima igomba kuba yuzuye amazi. Cyane cyane mu gihe cy'izuba, sima ya beto itakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi ibipimo by'amazi yuzuye bikoreshwa mu kubungabunga no kunyura amazi. Uburyo bwa mbere ni ugusesagura umutungo w'amazi no gukora nabi. Ingingo y'ingenzi ni uko amazi aba ari hejuru gusa, kandi amazi yo mu nzu ntahagije. Kubwibyo, igisubizo cy'iki kibazo ni ukongeramo ibintu umunani bibungabunga amazi muri sima ya beto. Muri rusange, hatoranywa hydroxypropyl. Methyl cyangwa methyl cellulose, imiterere y'ubushyuhe iri hagati ya 20000-60000cps, kandi ingano y'inyongera ni 2%-3%. Igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kongerwa kikarenga 85%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha sima ya beto ni ukuvanga ifu yumye neza hanyuma ukayisuka mu mazi.
4. Mu gusimbuza gypsum, gypsum yo guhuza, na gypsum yo guhuza: Bitewe n'iterambere ryihuse ry'inganda z'ubwubatsi, abantu bakenera ibikoresho bishya by'ubwubatsi nabyo biriyongera. Bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'ubumenyi bw'abantu ku kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho bya sima Ibikoresho bya Gypsum byatejwe imbere vuba. Kuri ubu, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa cyane bya Gypsum ni Gypsum yo guhuza, Gypsum yo guhuza, Gypsum yo guhuza, Gypsum yo guhuza, na Gypsum yo guhuza amatafari. Gypsum yo guhuza ni ibikoresho byiza byo gushyiramo plaster ku nkuta no ku gisenge imbere. Ubuso bw'urukuta buyiriho ni bwiza kandi bworoshye. Gypsum nshya yo gushyiramo amatara ni ibikoresho bifatana byakozwe muri Gypsum nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze n'ibindi bikoresho bitandukanye. Ikwiriye guhuza hagati y'ibikoresho bitandukanye by'inkuta z'ubwubatsi. Ntigira uburozi, Ntigira impumuro mbi, ikomeye kare kandi yihuta, ifite imbaraga zo guhuza n'ibindi bintu, ni ibikoresho bishyigikira imbaho z'ubwubatsi n'ubwubatsi bw'amatafari; Gypsum yo guhuza ni icyuma gifunga hagati y'imbaho za Gypsum n'icyuma gisana inkuta n'imiyoboro. Ibi bikoresho bya Gypsum bifite imirimo itandukanye. Uretse uruhare rwa gypsum n'ibindi bifitanye isano, ikibazo cy'ingenzi ni uko inyongera za eteri za cellulose zigira uruhare runini. Kubera ko gypsum igabanyijemo gypsum idakora na gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsum zitandukanye zigira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mikorere y'umusaruro, bityo gukomera, kubika amazi no kugabanya ingano y'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bya gypsum. Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri ibi bikoresho ni ukubura no kwangirika, kandi imbaraga za mbere ntizishobora kugerwaho. Kugira ngo ukemure iki kibazo, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa cellulose n'uburyo bwo gukoresha imvange ya retarder. Muri uru rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange ni byo bitoranywa. –60000cps, ingano y'inyongera ni 1.5%–2%. Muri byo, cellulose yibanda ku kubika amazi no kugabanya ubwiza. Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri eteri ya cellulose nk'iretarder, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo retarder ya aside citric kugira ngo uyivange kandi uyikoreshe nta ngaruka ku mbaraga za mbere. Kubika amazi muri rusange bivuga ingano y'amazi azatakara mu buryo busanzwe hatabayeho kwinjiza amazi hanze. Iyo urukuta rwumye cyane, amazi ashira mu kirere no guhumeka ku butaka bw’ibanze bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba cyane, kandi hazavuka n’ubusamo. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze n’ifu yumye. Niba utegura umuti, reba uburyo bwo kuwutegura.
5. Uduce two gukingira insinga Uduce two gukingira insinga ni ubwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho byo gukingira inkuta imbere mu karere k'amajyaruguru. Ni ibikoresho byo gukingira inkuta byakozwe n'ibikoresho byo gukingira insinga, utwo duce n'uduce two gufunga. Muri iki gikoresho, selulose igira uruhare runini mu guhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange hitamo selulose ya methyl ifite ubukana bwinshi (hafi 10000eps), ingano muri rusange iri hagati ya 2‰-3‰), kandi uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ni ukuvanga ifu yumye.
6. Umuhuza w'amatafari Hitamo HPNC 20.000 cps nk'umuhuza w'amatafari, hitamo 60.000 cps cyangwa zirenga nk'umuhuza w'amatafari, kandi wibande ku muhuza w'amatafari, bishobora kongera imbaraga zo gukurura no kurwanya umwambi. Bikoreshwa nk'umuhuza w'amazi mu guhuza amatafari kugira ngo wirinde ko amatafari yashira vuba cyane kandi agagwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-18-2023