1. Basa guru re cellulose ether
Mumortar yakasanganiswa, cellulose ether chinhu chikuru chinowedzerwa zvishoma asi chinogona kuvandudza mashandiro emortar yakanyorova uye kukanganisa mashandiro emortar pakuvaka.
2. Mhando dze ether dze cellulose
Kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether kunonyanya kugadzirwa neshinda dzechisikigo kuburikidza nekunyungudika kwealkali, grafting reaction (etherification), kusuka, kuomesa, kukuya nezvimwe.
Zvichienderana nezvinhu zvikuru zvekugadzira, shinda dzechisikigo dzinogona kukamurwa kuita: shinda dzedonje, shinda dzemisidhari, shinda dzebeech, nezvimwewo. Dhigirii dzadzo dzepolymerization dzinosiyana, izvo zvinokanganisa viscosity yekupedzisira yezvigadzirwa zvavo. Parizvino, vagadziri vakuru ve cellulose vanoshandisa shinda dzedonje (yakagadzirwa ne nitrocellulose) sezvinhu zvikuru zvekugadzira.
Cellulose ethers inogona kukamurwa kuita ionic ne nonionic. Rudzi rweionic runonyanya kusanganisira carboxymethyl cellulose salt, uye rudzi rwe non-ionic runonyanya kusanganisira methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl (propyl) cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, nezvimwewo.
Parizvino, ma ether e cellulose anoshandiswa mumota yakasanganiswa kare anonyanya kuva methyl cellulose ether (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPG), hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose ether (HPMC). Mumota yakasanganiswa kare, nekuti ionic cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose salt) haina kugadzikana kana paine calcium ions, haiwanzo shandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa kare zvinoshandisa simende, slaked lime, nezvimwewo se cementing materials. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo muChina, carboxymethyl cellulose salt inoshandiswa sechinhu chinosimbisa zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemukati zvakagadzirwa ne modified starch sechinhu chikuru che cementing uye Shuangfei powder se filler. Chigadzirwa ichi chinowanzobatwa ne mildew uye hachipikiswi nemvura, uye ikozvino chiri kubviswa. Hydroxyethyl cellulose inoshandiswawo mune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakasanganiswa kare, asi ine musika mudiki.
3. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushanda kwe cellulose ether
(1) Kunyungudika
Cellulose imusanganiswa wepolyhydroxy polymer usinganyungudike kana kunyungudika. Mushure me etherification, cellulose inonyungudika mumvura, inonyungudutsa alkali solution uye organic solvent, uye ine thermoplasticity. Solubility inonyanya kutsamira pazvinhu zvina: chekutanga, solubility inosiyana ne viscosity, viscosity yakaderera, solubility yakakura. Chechipiri, hunhu hwemapoka akaunzwa mu etherification process, boka rakaunzwa rakakura, solubility yakaderera; boka rakaunzwa polar, cellulose ether inonyungudika nyore mumvura. Chechitatu, mwero wekutsiva uye kugoverwa kwemapoka e etherified muma macromolecules. Mazhinji e cellulose ethers anogona kungonyungudika mumvura pasi peimwe nhanho yekutsiva. Chechina, mwero wekupomera we cellulose ether, mwero wekupomera we polymerization wakakwira, soluble isinganyanyi kunyungudika; mwero wekupomera wepasi, mwero wekutsiva unogona kunyungudika mumvura wakafara.
(2) Kuchengetwa kwemvura
Kuchengetwa kwemvura ibasa rakakosha re cellulose ether, uye ibasa iro vagadziri vazhinji veupfu hwakaoma vekumba, kunyanya avo vari kumaodzanyemba kwenzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakakwira, vanoteerera. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura yemortar zvinosanganisira huwandu hwe cellulose ether yakawedzerwa, viscosity, particle fineness uye tembiricha yenzvimbo yekushandisa. Huwandu hwe cellulose ether yakawedzerwa hwakawanda, mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura iri nani; viscosity yakakura, mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura iri nani; particles dziri nani, mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura iri nani.
(3) Kusviba
Viscosity chinhu chakakosha pakugadzirwa kwe ether ye cellulose. Parizvino, vagadziri vakasiyana ve ether ye cellulose vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zvishandiso kuyera viscosity. Pachigadzirwa chimwe chete, viscosity yakawanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana yakasiyana zvikuru, uye dzimwe dzakatove nemisiyano yakapetwa kaviri. Saka, kana uchienzanisa viscosity, inofanira kuitwa pakati penzira dzakafanana dzekuedza, kusanganisira tembiricha, rotor, nezvimwewo.
Kazhinji, kana viscosity yakakwira, zvinoita kuti mvura irambe ichichengetwa zvakanaka. Zvisinei, kana viscosity yakakwira, uremu hwe cellulose ether hunowedzera, uye kudzikira kwekunyungudika kwayo kuchaita kuti simba remortar riwedzere uye kugadzirwa kwayo. Kana viscosity yakakwira, zvinoita kuti tortar iwedzere kusimba, asi haina kuenzana zvakananga. Kana viscosity yakakwira, ndipo pachava nekusimba kwakanyanya. Panguva yekuvaka, inoratidzwa sekunamatira pa scraper uye kunamatira kwakanyanya kune substrate. Asi hazvibatsiri kuwedzera simba remortar yakanyorova pachayo. Munguva yekuvaka, kushanda kwe anti-sag hakusi pachena. Kusiyana neizvi, mamwe ma viscosity epakati nepasi asi akagadziriswa methyl cellulose ethers ane mashandiro akanaka mukuvandudza simba remortar yakanyorova.
(4) Kupfava kwezvikamu:
Cellulose ether inoshandiswa kugadzira dhaka rakasanganiswa kare inodiwa kuti ive hupfu, ine mvura shoma, uye hupfu hwayo hunodawo kuti 20% kusvika 60% yehukuru hwezvimedu zvive pasi pe63 μm. Hupfu hwayo hunokanganisa kunyungudika kwe cellulose ether. Ma coarse cellulose ethers anowanzo kuve muchimiro che granules, ayo ari nyore kupararira nekunyungudika mumvura pasina agglomeration, asi mwero wekunyungudika unononoka, saka haana kukodzera kushandiswa mudhaka rakasanganiswa kare (zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemumba zvinofamba-famba, hazvisi nyore kupararira nekunyungudika mumvura, uye zvinowanzo bikwa). Mudhaka rakasanganiswa kare, cellulose ether inopararira pakati pema agglomeration, fillers fine ne simende nezvimwe zvinhu zve simenti. Hupfu hwakatsetseka chete ndihwo hunogona kudzivirira cellulose ether agglomeration kana ichisanganiswa nemvura. Kana cellulose ether ikawedzerwa nemvura kuti inyungudike agglomeration, zvakaoma zvikuru kupararira nekunyungudika.
(5) Kugadziriswa kwe ether ye cellulose
Kugadziriswa kwe cellulose ether ndiko kuwedzera kushanda kwayo, uye ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosha. Hunhu hwe cellulose ether hunogona kuvandudzwa kuti huwedzere kunyorova kwayo, kupararira kwayo, kunamira kwayo, kukora kwayo, emulsification yayo, kuchengetedza mvura uye kugadzira firimu, pamwe nekusapinda kwayo mumafuta.
4. Mhedzisiro yekupisa kwemhepo pakuchengetedza mvura mudhaka
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekupisa. Mukushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshanda, mortar inowanzoiswa kune substrates dzinopisa pakupisa kwakanyanya (kupfuura 40°C) munzvimbo dzakawanda. Kuderera kwekuchengetedzwa kwemvura kwakakonzera kukanganisa kukuru pakushanda uye kuramba kutsemuka. Kuvimba kwayo nekupisa kucharamba kuchikonzera kushomeka kwehunhu hwemortar, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kuderedza simba rezvinhu zvekupisa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya. Mabikirwo emortar akagadziriswa nemazvo, uye shanduko dzakawanda dzakakosha dzakaitwa mumabikirwo emwaka. Kunyangwe kuwedzera dosage (fomula yezhizha), kugona kushanda uye kuramba kutsemuka hazvisati zvakwanisa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, izvo zvinoda kurapwa kwakakosha kwe cellulose ether, senge kuwedzera mwero we etherification, nezvimwewo, kuitira kuti mhedzisiro yekuchengetedza mvura iwanikwe pakupisa kwakanyanya. Inochengetedza mhedzisiro iri nani kana yakakwira, kuitira kuti ipe mashandiro ari nani mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
5. Kushandiswa muhari yakasanganiswa yakagadzirwa
Mumortar yakasanganiswa yakagadzirwa, cellulose ether inoita basa rekuchengetedza mvura, kukora uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekuvaka. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekuchengetedza mvura kunoita kuti mortar isakonzerese kupwanywa, kupiswa nehupfu uye kudzikiswa kwesimba nekuda kwekushomeka kwemvura uye kushaya mvura yakakwana. Kusimba kwemortar yakanyorova kunowedzera simba rekuvaka mortar yakanyorova. Kuwedzera cellulose ether kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kunyorova kwemortar yakanyorova, uye kune kunyorova kwakanaka kune substrates dzakasiyana, nokudaro zvichivandudza mashandiro emortar yakanyorova uye kuderedza marara. Pamusoro pezvo, basa re cellulose ether muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana rakasiyanawo. Semuenzaniso, muma tile adhesives, cellulose ether inogona kuwedzera nguva yekuvhura uye kugadzirisa nguva; mumortar yekupfapfaidza yemuchina, inogona kuvandudza simba rekuvaka mortar yakanyorova; mukuzvienzanisa, inogona kudzivirira kugara, Kupatsanurwa uye kupatsanurwa. Naizvozvo, sechinowedzerwa chakakosha, cellulose ether inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumortar yakanyorova.
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-11-2023