Nā ethers cellulose i loko o nā mea hoʻohui mortar i hui mua ʻia

1. ʻO ka hana nui o ka cellulose ether

I loko o ka mortar i hui mua ʻia, ʻo ka cellulose ether kahi mea hoʻohui nui i hoʻohui ʻia i ka nui haʻahaʻa akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana o ka mortar pulu a hoʻopilikia i ka hana kūkulu ʻana o ka mortar.

2. Nā ʻano o nā ethers cellulose

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether i hana nui ʻia me nā olonā kūlohelohe ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka alkali, ka hopena grafting (etherification), ka holoi ʻana, ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, ka wili ʻana a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe.

Wahi a nā mea maka nui, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā olonā kūlohelohe i: olonā pulupulu, olonā kedera, olonā beech, a pēlā aku. ʻOkoʻa ko lākou kekelē o ka polymerization, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka viscosity hope loa o kā lākou huahana. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea hana cellulose nui i ka olonā pulupulu (huahana ʻaoʻao o ka nitrocellulose) ma ke ʻano he mea maka nui.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻea cellulose i ionic a me nonionic. ʻO ke ʻano ionic ka mea nui e komo pū me ka paʻakai carboxymethyl cellulose, a ʻo ke ʻano non-ionic ka mea nui e komo pū me ka methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl (propyl) cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, a pēlā aku.

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka mortar i kāwili mua ʻia, ʻo ia ka methyl cellulose ether (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPG), hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose ether (HPMC). I loko o ka mortar i kāwili mua ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole paʻa ka ionic cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose salt) i ke alo o nā calcium ions, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā huahana i kāwili mua ʻia e hoʻohana ana i ka sima, ka lime slaked, a pēlā aku e like me nā mea sima. Ma kekahi mau wahi ma Kina, hoʻohana ʻia ka paʻakai carboxymethyl cellulose ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomānoanoa no kekahi mau huahana o loko i hana ʻia me ka starch i hoʻololi ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea sima nui a me ka pauka Shuangfei ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopiha. He maʻalahi kēia huahana i ka mildew a ʻaʻole kūpaʻa i ka wai, a ke hoʻopau ʻia nei i kēia manawa. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose i kekahi mau huahana i kāwili mua ʻia, akā he liʻiliʻi loa ka māhele mākeke.

3. Nā ʻōkuhi hana nui o ka cellulose ether

(1) Ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia

ʻO ka Cellulose kahi hui polyhydroxy polymer ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻoheheʻe paha. Ma hope o ka etherification, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose i ka wai, ka hopena alkali dilute a me ka solvent organic, a he thermoplasticity. ʻO ka solubility e pili nui ana i nā kumu ʻehā: ʻo ka mua, ʻokoʻa ka solubility me ka viscosity, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka viscosity, ʻo ka nui o ka solubility. ʻO ka lua, ʻo nā ʻano o nā hui i hoʻokomo ʻia i ke kaʻina hana etherification, ʻo ka nui o ka hui i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka solubility; ʻo ka polar o ka hui i hoʻokomo ʻia, ʻo ka maʻalahi o ka cellulose ether e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. ʻO ke kolu, ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā hui etherified i loko o nā macromolecules. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā cellulose ethers hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma lalo o kekahi kekelē o ka pani ʻana. ʻO ka hā, ʻo ke kekelē o ka polymerization o ka cellulose ether, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kekelē o ka polymerization, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka soluble; ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ke kekelē o ka polymerization, ʻo ka laulā o ke kekelē o ka pani ʻana hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai.

(2) Ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai

ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai kahi hana koʻikoʻi o ka cellulose ether, a he hana nō hoʻi ia e nānā nui ʻia e nā mea hana pauka maloʻo kūloko, ʻoiai ka poʻe ma nā ʻāina hema me nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i ka hopena paʻa wai o ka mortar e komo pū ana me ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia, ka viscosity, ka fineness o nā ʻāpana a me ka mahana o ke kaiapuni hoʻohana. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai; ʻo ka nui o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai; ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai.

(3) Mānoanoa

He mea nui ka viscosity o nā huahana cellulose ether. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana nā mea hana cellulose ether like ʻole i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā mea hana e ana i ka viscosity. No ka huahana like, ʻokoʻa loa nā hopena viscosity i ana ʻia e nā ʻano hana like ʻole, a he pālua nā ʻokoʻa o kekahi. No laila, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka viscosity, pono e hana ʻia ma waena o nā ʻano hoʻāʻo like, me ka mahana, ka rotor, a pēlā aku.

Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻa wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o ka cellulose ether, a ʻo ka emi ʻana o kona solubility e loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka ikaika a me ka hana kūkulu o ka mortar. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena mānoanoa ma ka mortar, akā ʻaʻole ia he kūlike pololei. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka viscous o ka mortar pulu. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia he pipili i ka scraper a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka substrate. Akā, ʻaʻole kōkua ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu ponoʻī. I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hana anti-sag. Ma ke ʻano ʻē, ʻo kekahi mau viscosity waena a me ka haʻahaʻa akā ua hoʻololi ʻia nā methyl cellulose ethers he hana maikaʻi loa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu.

(4) Ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana:

Pono ka cellulose ether i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mortar i hui mua ʻia he pauka, me ka haʻahaʻa o ka wai, a ʻo ka maikaʻi hoʻi e pono ai he 20% a 60% o ka nui o ka ʻāpana e emi iho ma mua o 63 μm. Hoʻopilikia ka maikaʻi i ka solubility o ka cellulose ether. ʻO nā cellulose ethers coarse ma ke ʻano he granules, he maʻalahi ke hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai me ka ʻole o ka agglomeration, akā lohi loa ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole kūpono lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mortar i hui mua ʻia (ʻo kekahi mau huahana kūloko he flocculent, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka caking). I loko o ka mortar i hui mua ʻia, ua hoʻopuehu ʻia ka cellulose ether ma waena o nā aggregates, nā mea hoʻopihapiha maikaʻi a me ka sima a me nā mea sima ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka pauka maikaʻi wale nō ke pale aku i ka agglomeration cellulose ether i ka wā e hui pū ai me ka wai. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ka cellulose ether me ka wai e hoʻoheheʻe i ka agglomeration, he paʻakikī loa ke hoʻopuehu a hoʻoheheʻe.

(5) Hoʻololi ʻana o ka cellulose ether

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka cellulose ether ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna hana, a ʻo ia ka ʻāpana nui loa. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā waiwai o ka cellulose ether e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona wettability, dispersibility, adhesion, thickening, emulsification, paʻa wai a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me kona impermeability i ka aila.

4. Ka hopena o ka mahana ambient i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar

Hoʻemi ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka cellulose ether me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. I nā noi hana pono, hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka mortar i nā substrates wela ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (ʻoi aku ma mua o 40°C) ma nā wahi he nui. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai i hopena i ka hopena i ʻike ʻia ma ka hana a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka haki. ʻO kona hilinaʻi ʻana i ka mahana e alakaʻi mau i ka nāwaliwali o nā waiwai mortar, a he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia e hōʻemi i ka mana o nā mea mahana ma lalo o kēia kūlana. Ua hoʻoponopono kūpono ʻia nā meaʻai mortar, a ua hana ʻia nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi he nui i nā meaʻai kau. ʻOiai ke hoʻonui nei i ka dosage (form kauwela), ʻaʻole hiki i ka hana a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka haki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana, kahi e koi ai i kekahi mālama kūikawā o ka cellulose ether, e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka etherification, a pēlā aku, i hiki ai ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena paʻa wai ma kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe. Mālama ia i kahi hopena maikaʻi aʻe i ka wā kiʻekiʻe, i hāʻawi ai i ka hana maikaʻi aʻe i nā kūlana paʻakikī.

5. Hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka mortar i hui mua ʻia

I loko o ka mortar i hui mua ʻia, hana ka cellulose ether i ke kuleana o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka mānoanoa a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana kūkulu. ʻO ka hana paʻa wai maikaʻi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai ʻaʻole e hoʻoulu ka mortar i ka one ʻana, ka pauka ʻana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka ikaika ma muli o ka nele o ka wai a me ka hydration piha ʻole. Hoʻonui nui ka hopena mānoanoa i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu. Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka viscosity pulu o ka mortar pulu, a he viscosity maikaʻi i nā substrates like ʻole, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka hana paia o ka mortar pulu a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻōpala. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi ke kuleana o ka cellulose ether i nā huahana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, i nā mea hoʻopili tile, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui i ka manawa wehe a hoʻoponopono i ka manawa; i ka mortar pīpī mechanical, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika kūkulu o ka mortar pulu; i ka pae ponoʻī, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka noho ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana a me ka stratification. No laila, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka cellulose ether i ka mortar pauka maloʻo.