Chidule: chotchedwa HPMC, ufa woyera kapena wosalala wa ulusi kapena granular. Pali mitundu yambiri ya cellulose ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma timalumikizana makamaka ndi makasitomala omwe ali mumakampani opanga zida zomangira za ufa wouma. Cellulose yodziwika kwambiri imatanthauza hypromellose.
Njira Yopangira: Zipangizo zazikulu zopangira HPMC: thonje loyengedwa, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, zinthu zina zopangira zimaphatikizapo flake alkali, acid, toluene, isopropanol, ndi zina zotero. Thirani cellulose yoyengedwa ya thonje ndi yankho la alkali pa 35-40℃ kwa theka la ola, kanikizani, pukutani cellulose, ndikukalamba bwino pa 35℃, kuti mlingo wapakati wa polymerization wa ulusi wa alkali womwe wapezeka ukhale mkati mwa mulingo wofunikira. Ikani ulusi wa alkali mu ketulo ya etherification, onjezerani propylene oxide ndi methyl chloride motsatizana, ndikutentha pa 50-80 °C kwa maola 5, ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa pafupifupi 1.8 MPa. Kenako onjezerani kuchuluka koyenera kwa hydrochloric acid ndi oxalic acid m'madzi otentha pa 90 °C kuti mutsuke zinthuzo kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka. Sungunulani ndi centrifuge. Tsukani mpaka zitakhala zopanda mpweya, ndipo pamene chinyezi chili m'zinthuzo chili pansi pa 60%, ziumeni ndi mpweya wotentha pa 130°C mpaka pansi pa 5%. Ntchito: kusunga madzi, kukhuthala, thixotropic anti-sag, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mpweya, kuchedwetsa malo.
Kusunga Madzi: Kusunga Madzi ndiye chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa cellulose ether! Pakupanga matope a gypsum ndi zinthu zina, kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose ether ndikofunikira. Kusunga Madzi ambiri kumatha kuchita bwino phulusa la simenti ndi calcium gypsum (kuchitapo kanthu mokwanira, mphamvu zake zimakhala zazikulu). Pansi pa mikhalidwe yomweyi, kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether kumakhala kwakukulu, kusunga Madzi kumakhala bwino (mpata woposa 100,000 viscosity umachepa); mlingo ukakhala wokwera, kusunga Madzi kumakhala bwino, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether kumatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a matope. Kuchuluka kwa kusunga Madzi, pamene kuchuluka kwa madzi kufika pamlingo winawake, chizolowezi chowonjezera kuchuluka kwa kusunga Madzi kumakhala pang'onopang'ono; kuchuluka kwa kusunga Madzi kwa cellulose ether nthawi zambiri kumachepa kutentha kozungulira kukakwera, koma ma ether ena a cellulose okhala ndi gel yambiri nawonso amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pansi pa kutentha kwambiri. Kusunga Madzi. Kufalikira pakati pa mamolekyu a madzi ndi ma cellulose ether molecular chains kumathandiza mamolekyu a madzi kulowa mkati mwa ma cellulose ether macromolecular chains ndi kulandira mphamvu yamphamvu yomangirira, motero kupanga madzi omasuka, kumamatira madzi, ndikuwonjezera kusunga madzi kwa simenti.
Kukhuthala, thixotropic komanso kuletsa kusakhazikika: kumapatsa kukhuthala kwabwino kwambiri ku matope onyowa! Kutha kuwonjezera kwambiri kumamatirana pakati pa matope onyowa ndi maziko, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito oletsa kusakhazikika kwa matope. Kukhuthala kwa ma cellulose ethers kumawonjezeranso kukana kufalikira ndi kufanana kwa zinthu zosakanikirana zatsopano, kuletsa kugawanika kwa zinthu, kulekanitsa ndi kutuluka magazi. Kukhuthala kwa ma cellulose ethers pazinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti kumachokera ku kukhuthala kwa mayankho a cellulose ether. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yomweyi, kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, kukhuthala kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti yosinthidwa kumakhala bwino, koma ngati kukhuthala kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kudzakhudza kusinthasintha ndi magwiridwe antchito a zinthuzo (monga sticky trowel ndi batch scraper). Chomangira chodziyimira payokha ndi konkire yodzikakamiza yomwe imafunikira kukhuthala kwakukulu imafunikira kukhuthala kochepa kwa cellulose ether. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether kudzawonjezera kufunikira kwa madzi kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti ndikuwonjezera phindu la matope. Madzi a cellulose ether okhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu ali ndi thixotropy yapamwamba, yomwe ndi khalidwe lalikulu la cellulose ether. Madzi a cellulose nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pseudoplastic, non-thixotropic flow properties pansi pa kutentha kwa gel, koma Newtonian flow properties pamlingo wotsika wa shear. Pseudoplasticity imawonjezeka ndi kulemera kwa molekyulu kapena kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether. Ma gels omangira amapangidwa kutentha kukakwera, ndipo kuyenda kwa thixotropic kwakukulu kumachitika. Ma cellulose ether okhala ndi kukhuthala kwakukulu komanso kukhuthala kochepa amawonetsa thixotropy ngakhale pansi pa kutentha kwa gel. Kufunika kumeneku ndi kopindulitsa kwambiri pakupanga matope omangira kuti asinthe kusinthasintha kwake ndi kutsika kwake. Tiyenera kudziwa apa kuti kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether kumakhala kwakukulu, kumakhala bwino kusunga madzi, koma kukhuthala kwakukulu, kulemera kwa cellulose ether kumakhala kwakukulu, komanso kuchepa kofanana kwa kusungunuka kwake, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa matope ndi kugwira ntchito bwino.
Chifukwa: Cellulose ether imakhala ndi mphamvu yodziwikiratu yolowetsa mpweya pazinthu zatsopano zopangidwa ndi simenti. Cellulose ether ili ndi gulu lokonda madzi (hydroxyl group, ether group) komanso gulu lokonda madzi (methyl group, glucose ring), ndi surfactant, imakhala ndi ntchito pamwamba, motero imakhala ndi mphamvu yolowetsa mpweya. Mphamvu yolowetsa mpweya ya cellulose ether imapanga "mpira", zomwe zingathandize kuti zinthu zatsopano zigwire bwino ntchito, monga kuwonjezera pulasitiki ndi kusalala kwa matope panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza pakupanga matope; zidzawonjezeranso kutulutsa kwa matope. , kuchepetsa mtengo wopanga matope; koma idzawonjezera porosity ya zinthu zolimba ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zake monga mphamvu ndi elastic modulus. Monga surfactant, cellulose ether imakhalanso ndi mphamvu yonyowetsa kapena kudzola pa tinthu ta simenti, zomwe pamodzi ndi mphamvu yake yolowetsa mpweya zimawonjezera kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti, koma kukhuthala kwake kumachepetsa kusinthasintha. Mphamvu ya kuyenda ndi kuphatikiza kwa pulasitiki ndi kukhuthala. Pamene kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether kuli kochepa kwambiri, kumaonekera makamaka ngati pulasitiki kapena kuchepetsa madzi; pamene kuchuluka kuli kwakukulu, kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether kumawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo mphamvu yake yolowetsa mpweya imakhala yodzaza, kotero magwiridwe antchito amawonjezeka. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kapena kuchuluka kwa kufunika kwa madzi.
Kuchedwa kwa Kukhazikitsa: Cellulose ether imatha kuchedwetsa njira yothira madzi ya simenti. Cellulose ethers imapatsa matope zinthu zosiyanasiyana zothandiza, komanso imachepetsa kutulutsa kwa kutentha kwa simenti koyambirira ndikuchedwetsa njira yothira madzi ya simenti. Izi sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito matope m'malo ozizira. Kuchedwa kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa mamolekyu a cellulose ether pazinthu zothira madzi monga CSH ndi ca(OH)2. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kukhuthala kwa yankho la pore, cellulose ether imachepetsa kuyenda kwa ma ayoni mu yankho, motero imachedwetsa njira yothira madzi. Pamene kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether mu mineral gel zinthu kukwera, zotsatira za kuchedwa kwa madzi zimaonekera kwambiri. Cellulose ethers sikuti imangochedwetsa kukhazikitsa, komanso imachedwetsa njira yolimbitsira ya simenti matope. Zotsatira za kuchedwa kwa cellulose ether sizimangodalira kuchuluka kwake mu mineral gel system, komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala. Pamene methylation ya HEMC ili pamwamba, zotsatira za kuchedwa kwa cellulose ether zimakhala bwino. Zotsatira za kuchedwa zimakhala zolimba. Komabe, kukhuthala kwa ether ya cellulose sikukhudza kwambiri kayendedwe ka madzi a simenti. Pamene kuchuluka kwa ether ya cellulose kukuwonjezeka, nthawi yokhazikika ya matope imawonjezeka kwambiri. Pali ubale wabwino wosagwirizana pakati pa nthawi yoyambira yokhazikika ya matope ndi kuchuluka kwa ether ya cellulose, ndipo nthawi yomaliza yokhazikika imakhala ndi ubale wabwino wolunjika ndi kuchuluka kwa ether ya cellulose. Titha kuwongolera nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya matope posintha kuchuluka kwa ether ya cellulose. Mu chinthucho, chimagwira ntchito yosunga madzi, kukhuthala, kuchedwetsa mphamvu ya madzi ya simenti, komanso kukonza magwiridwe antchito omanga. Mphamvu yabwino yosungira madzi imapangitsa simenti gypsum ash calcium kuchitapo kanthu kwathunthu, kumawonjezera kwambiri kukhuthala konyowa, kumawonjezera mphamvu yomangirira ya matope, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imatha kusintha bwino mphamvu yomangika ndi kumeta, ndikuwonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yomanga ndi magwiridwe antchito. Nthawi yosinthika. Imawongolera kupopera kapena kupopera kwa matope, komanso mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake. Pakugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu, kukhuthala, ndi kuchuluka kwa cellulose malinga ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, machitidwe omanga, ndi malo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-15-2022