Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Bayani: ana kiransa da HPMC, foda mai launin fari ko fari ko mai launin shuɗi. Akwai nau'ikan cellulose da yawa kuma ana amfani da su sosai, amma galibi muna hulɗa da abokan ciniki a masana'antar kayan gini na busassun foda. Cellulose da aka fi sani yana nufin hypromellose.

Tsarin Samarwa: Manyan kayan da ake amfani da su a HPMC: auduga mai tsafta, methyl chloride, propylene oxide, sauran kayan da ake amfani da su sun haɗa da flake alkali, acid, toluene, isopropanol, da sauransu. A yi amfani da maganin alkali mai tsafta a zafin jiki na 35-40℃ na rabin sa'a, a danna, a niƙa cellulose, sannan a yi amfani da shi yadda ya kamata a zafin jiki na 35℃, don haka matsakaicin matakin polymerization na zaren alkali da aka samu ya kasance cikin kewayon da ake buƙata. A saka zaren alkali a cikin kettle na etherification, a ƙara propylene oxide da methyl chloride a jere, sannan a tace a zafin jiki na 50-80 °C na tsawon awanni 5, tare da matsakaicin matsin lamba na kimanin 1.8 MPa. Sannan a ƙara adadin hydrochloric acid da oxalic acid a cikin ruwan zafi a zafin jiki na 90 °C don wanke kayan don faɗaɗa ƙarar. A busar da ruwa da centrifuge. A wanke har sai ya yi tsaka tsaki, kuma idan danshi a cikin kayan ya kasance ƙasa da kashi 60%, a busar da shi da iska mai zafi a zafin jiki na 130°C zuwa ƙasa da kashi 5%. Aiki: riƙe ruwa, kauri, thixotropic anti-sag, aiki mai shiga iska, saitin jinkiri.

Rike Ruwa: Rike Ruwa shine mafi mahimmancin siffa ta cellulose ether! A cikin samar da turmi na putty gypsum da sauran kayayyaki, amfani da cellulose ether yana da mahimmanci. Rike ruwa mai yawa zai iya mayar da martani ga tokar siminti da calcium gypsum gaba ɗaya (da cikakken amsawar, da ƙarfinsa mafi girma). A ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi, mafi girman danko na cellulose ether, mafi kyawun riƙe ruwa (ratar da ke sama da 100,000 danko yana raguwa); mafi girman sashi, mafi kyawun riƙe ruwa, yawanci ƙaramin adadin cellulose ether na iya inganta aikin turmi sosai. Yawan riƙe ruwa, lokacin da abun ciki ya kai wani mataki, yanayin ƙaruwar riƙe ruwa yana raguwa; yawan riƙe ruwa na cellulose ether yawanci yana raguwa lokacin da zafin yanayi ya ƙaru, amma wasu manyan gel cellulose ethers suma suna da kyakkyawan aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa. Rike Ruwa. Yaɗuwa tsakanin ƙwayoyin ruwa da sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin cellulose ether yana ba da damar ƙwayoyin ruwa su shiga cikin sarƙoƙin macromolecular na cellulose ether kuma su sami ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ta haka ne suke samar da ruwa kyauta, suna ɗaure ruwa, da inganta riƙe ruwa na slurry na siminti.

Kauri, thixotropic da anti-sag: yana ba da kyakkyawan danko ga turmi mai ruwa! Yana iya ƙara mannewa sosai tsakanin turmi mai ruwa da kuma matakin tushe, da kuma inganta aikin hana lanƙwasa na turmi. Tasirin kauri na cellulose ethers kuma yana ƙara juriyar wargajewa da daidaituwar kayan da aka haɗa, yana hana wargajewa, rarrabuwa da zubar jini. Tasirin kauri na cellulose ethers akan kayan da aka gina da siminti ya fito ne daga danko na mafita na cellulose ether. A ƙarƙashin irin wannan yanayi, mafi girman danko na cellulose ether, mafi kyawun danko na kayan da aka gyara da siminti, amma idan danko ya yi girma sosai, zai shafi ruwa da aiki na kayan (kamar trowel mai manne da scraper batch). mai wahala). Turmi mai daidaita kansa da siminti mai matse kansa waɗanda ke buƙatar ruwa mai yawa suna buƙatar ƙarancin danko na cellulose ether. Bugu da ƙari, tasirin kauri na cellulose ether zai ƙara buƙatar ruwa na kayan da aka gina da siminti da kuma ƙara yawan turmi. Babban danko na cellulose ether ruwan ruwa yana da babban thixotropy, wanda kuma babban halayyar cellulose ether ne. Maganin ruwa na cellulose gabaɗaya yana da siffofin kwararar pseudoplastic, waɗanda ba su da thixotropic a ƙasa da zafin gel ɗinsu, amma halayen kwararar Newtonian a ƙananan ƙimar yankewa. Pseudoplasticity yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar nauyin kwayoyin halitta ko yawan cellulose ether. Ana samar da gels na tsari lokacin da zafin ya ƙaru, kuma yawan kwararar thixotropic yana faruwa. Cellulose ethers masu yawan yawa da ƙarancin danko suna nuna thixotropy ko da ƙasa da zafin gel. Wannan kadarar tana da babban fa'ida ga gina turmi na gini don daidaita matakinsa da sag. Ya kamata a lura a nan cewa mafi girman danko na cellulose ether, mafi kyawun riƙe ruwa, amma mafi girman danko, mafi girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta na cellulose ether, da kuma raguwar narkewar sa, wanda ke da mummunan tasiri akan yawan turmi da iya aiki.

Dalili: Cellulose ether yana da tasirin shigar iska a fili akan kayan da aka yi da siminti. Cellulose ether yana da rukunin hydrophilic (rukunin hydroxyl, rukunin ether) da kuma rukunin hydrophobic (rukunin methyl, zoben glucose), wani abu ne mai surfactant, yana da aikin saman, don haka yana da tasirin shigar iska. Tasirin shigar iska na cellulose ether zai samar da tasirin "ƙwallo", wanda zai iya inganta aikin kayan da aka haɗa sabo, kamar ƙara ƙarfin turmi da santsi yayin aiki, wanda ke da amfani ga shimfida turmi; zai kuma ƙara fitar da turmi, yana rage farashin samar da turmi; amma zai ƙara yawan porosity na kayan da aka taurare kuma ya rage halayen injiniya kamar ƙarfi da modulus na roba. A matsayin surfactant, cellulose ether kuma yana da tasirin jika ko shafawa akan barbashi na siminti, wanda tare da tasirin shigar iska yana ƙara yawan ruwan kayan da aka yi da siminti, amma tasirin kauri zai rage ruwan. Tasirin kwarara haɗuwa ne na tasirin plasticization da kauri. Idan sinadarin cellulose ether ya yi ƙasa sosai, galibi yana bayyana a matsayin mai rage ruwa ko kuma mai rage ruwa; idan sinadarin ya yi yawa, tasirin kauri na cellulose ether yana ƙaruwa da sauri, kuma tasirin shigar da iska a cikinsa yakan cika, don haka aikin yana ƙaruwa. Tasirin kauri ko ƙaruwar buƙatar ruwa.

Tsarin rage ruwa: Cellulose ether na iya jinkirta tsarin samar da ruwa na siminti. Cellulose ethers suna ba turmi da wasu fa'idodi masu amfani, kuma suna rage fitar da zafi na siminti da wuri da kuma jinkirta tsarin samar da ruwa na siminti. Wannan ba shi da kyau ga amfani da turmi a yankuna masu sanyi. Wannan jinkirin yana faruwa ne sakamakon shaƙar ƙwayoyin cellulose ether akan samfuran samar da ruwa kamar CSH da ca(OH)2. Saboda ƙaruwar danko na maganin rami, cellulose ether yana rage motsi na ions a cikin maganin, ta haka yana jinkirta tsarin samar da ruwa. Mafi girman yawan cellulose ether a cikin kayan gel na ma'adinai, mafi girman tasirin jinkirin samar da ruwa. Cellulose ethers ba wai kawai yana jinkirta saitin ba, har ma yana jinkirta tsarin taurare na tsarin turmi na siminti. Tasirin rage ruwa na cellulose ether ya dogara ba kawai akan yawan ruwan da yake cikin tsarin gel na ma'adinai ba, har ma akan tsarin sinadarai. Mafi girman matakin methylation na HEMC, mafi kyawun tasirin rage ruwa na cellulose ether. Tasirin rage ruwa ya fi ƙarfi. Duk da haka, dankowar cellulose ether ba ta da tasiri sosai kan yadda siminti ke aiki. Tare da ƙaruwar sinadarin cellulose ether, lokacin saita turmi yana ƙaruwa sosai. Akwai kyakkyawar alaƙa mara layi tsakanin lokacin saita turmi da abun da ke cikin cellulose ether, kuma lokacin saitawa na ƙarshe yana da kyakkyawar alaƙa mai layi tare da abun da ke cikin cellulose ether. Za mu iya sarrafa lokacin aiki na turmi ta hanyar canza abun da ke cikin cellulose ether. A cikin samfurin, yana taka rawar riƙe ruwa, kauri, jinkirta ƙarfin ruwa na siminti, da inganta aikin gini. Kyakkyawan ƙarfin riƙe ruwa yana sa siminti gypsum ash calcium ya amsa gaba ɗaya, yana ƙara danko mai laushi sosai, yana inganta ƙarfin haɗin turmi, kuma a lokaci guda yana iya inganta ƙarfin juriya da ƙarfin yankewa yadda ya kamata, yana inganta tasirin gini da ingancin aiki sosai. Lokacin da za a iya daidaitawa. Yana inganta feshi ko ƙarfin famfo na turmi, da kuma ƙarfin tsari. A cikin ainihin tsarin aikace-aikacen, ya zama dole a tantance nau'in, danko, da adadin cellulose bisa ga samfura daban-daban, halayen gini, da muhalli.