Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Tirohanga Whānui: e kiia ana ko te HPMC, he paura muka, he paura kirikiri rānei mā, mā-parauri. He maha ngā momo cellulose, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana, engari ko te nuinga o ā mātou whakapā atu ki ngā kiritaki i roto i te umanga rauemi hanga paura maroke. Ko te cellulose tino noa ko te hypromellose.

Tukanga whakaputa: Ko ngā rauemi mata matua o te HPMC: miro kua whakapaia, te methyl chloride, te propylene oxide, ko ētahi atu rauemi mata ko te alkali maramara, te waikawa, te toluene, te isopropanol, me ētahi atu. Whakamahia te cellulose miro kua whakapaia ki te otinga alkali i te 35-40℃ mō te hawhe haora, pēhia, kuruhia te cellulose, ka pakeke tika i te 35℃, kia noho te toharite o te polymerization o te muka alkali i whiwhi i roto i te awhe e hiahiatia ana. Whakanohoia ngā muka alkali ki roto i te ipu etherification, tāpirihia te propylene oxide me te methyl chloride, ka etherify i te 50-80 °C mō te 5 haora, me te pēhanga mōrahi o te 1.8 MPa. Kātahi ka tāpirihia he nui e tika ana o te waikawa hydrochloric me te waikawa oxalic ki te wai wera i te 90 °C hei horoi i te rauemi kia whānui ake te rōrahi. Whakamarokehia ki te centrifuge. Horoia kia kore e pā, ā, ina iti iho i te 60% te ihirangi makuku i roto i te rauemi, whakamarokehia ki te rere o te hau wera i te 130°C ki raro iho i te 5%. Mahi: te pupuri wai, te whakamātotoru, te ārai-toru thixotropic, te āheinga mahi e mau ana i te hau, te whakaroa i te tautuhinga.

Te pupuri wai: Ko te pupuri wai te āhuatanga tino nui o te cellulose ether! I roto i te hanga o te moata putty gypsum me ētahi atu rauemi, he mea nui te tono cellulose ether. Ka taea e te pupuri wai teitei te tauhohe katoa i te pungarehu sima me te konupūmā gypsum (ko te nui ake o te tauhohenga, ko te nui ake o te kaha). I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai (ka whakawhāitihia te āputa i runga ake i te 100,000 te matotoru); ko te teitei ake o te horopeta, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai, ko te nuinga o te wā he iti noa te cellulose ether ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi a te moata. Ko te tere pupuri wai, ina tae te ihirangi ki tētahi taumata, ka puhoi ake te ia o te pikinga o te tere pupuri wai; ko te tere pupuri wai o te cellulose ether ka heke iho i te nuinga o te wā ina piki ake te pāmahana taiao, engari ko ētahi cellulose ethers teitei-kiri he pai ake te mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga pāmahana teitei. Te pupuri wai. Ko te whakawhitiwhiti i waenga i ngā ngota wai me ngā mekameka ngota cellulose ether ka taea e ngā ngota wai te tomo ki roto i ngā mekameka macromolecular cellulose ether me te whiwhi i te kaha here kaha, ka hanga wai kore utu, ka hono i te wai, ka whakapai ake i te pupuri wai o te paru sima.

Te whakamātotoru, te thixotropic me te ārai-toto: ka hoatu he matotoru pai ki te moata mākū! Ka taea e ia te whakanui ake i te piri i waenga i te moata mākū me te paparanga turanga, me te whakapai ake i te mahi ārai-toto o te moata. Ko te pānga matotoru o ngā cellulose ethers ka whakanui ake i te ātete marara me te ōritetanga o ngā rauemi hou kua whakaranua, ka ārai i te wehenga rauemi, te wehewehe me te toto. Ko te pānga matotoru o ngā cellulose ethers ki ngā rauemi sima i ahu mai i te matotoru o ngā otinga cellulose ether. I raro i ngā āhuatanga ōrite, ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te matotoru o te rauemi sima kua whakarerekētia, engari ki te nui rawa te matotoru, ka pā ki te rere me te mahi o te rauemi (pēnei i te trowel piri me te waro puranga). uaua). Ko te moata whakataurite-ake me te raima whakakī-ake e hiahia ana ki te rere nui me te matotoru iti o te cellulose ether. Hei tāpiri, ko te pānga matotoru o te cellulose ether ka whakanui ake i te hiahia wai o ngā rauemi sima me te whakanui ake i te hua o te moata. He nui te thixotropy o te otinga wai cellulose ether matotoru teitei, he āhuatanga nui hoki tēnei o te cellulose ether. Ko ngā wairewa wai o te cellulose he āhua rere rūpahu, kāore i te thixotropic i raro iho i te pāmahana o te gel, engari ko ngā āhuatanga rere Newtonian i ngā tere kutikuti iti. Ka piki ake te pseudoplasticity me te pikinga o te taumaha ngota, te kukū rānei o te cellulose ether. Ka hangaia ngā gel hanganga ina piki ake te pāmahana, ā, ka puta te rere thixotropic teitei. Ko ngā cellulose ether he kukū teitei me te matotoru iti e whakaatu ana i te thixotropy ahakoa i raro iho i te pāmahana gel. He tino painga tēnei āhuatanga ki te hanganga o te moata hanga hei whakatika i tōna taumata me te totoro. Me mārama ki konei ko te teitei ake o te matotoru o te cellulose ether, ko te pai ake o te pupuri wai, engari ko te teitei ake o te matotoru, ko te teitei ake o te taumaha ngota whanaunga o te cellulose ether, me te hekenga rite o tōna wairewa, e pā kino ana ki te kukū moata me te kaha mahi.

Take: He mārama te pānga o te cellulose ether ki te kukume i te hau ki ngā rauemi sima hou. He rōpū hydrophilic (rōpū hydroxyl, rōpū ether) me te rōpū hydrophobic (rōpū methyl, mowhiti glucose) tō te cellulose ether, he surfactant, he mahi mata, nō reira he pānga kukume hau. Ka puta he pānga "pōro" i te pānga kukume hau o te cellulose ether, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi a te rauemi hou kua whakaranua, pērā i te whakanui ake i te kirihou me te maeneene o te moata i te wā e mahi ana, he mea pai ki te papa o te moata; ka whakanui ake hoki i te putanga o te moata. , ka whakaiti i te utu o te hanga moata; engari ka whakanui ake i te porosity o te rauemi kua whakapakeketia, ka whakaiti i ōna āhuatanga miihini pērā i te kaha me te modulus elasticity. Hei surfactant, he pānga makuku, he pānga hinu rānei tō te cellulose ether ki ngā matūriki sima, e hono ana ki tōna pānga kukume hau ka whakanui ake i te rere o ngā rauemi sima, engari ka whakaitihia e tōna pānga matotoru te rere. Ko te pānga o te rere he huinga o ngā pānga kirihou me te matotoru. Ina iti rawa te ihirangi o te cellulose ether, ka kitea te nuinga hei pānga whakakirikiri, whakaiti wai rānei; ina nui te ihirangi, ka tere te piki o te pānga whakamātotoru o te cellulose ether, ā, ka mākū te pānga hopu hau, nō reira ka piki ake te mahi. Ka piki ake te pānga whakamātotoru, ka piki ake rānei te hiahia wai.

Te whakaroa i te whakatakoto: Ka taea e te cellulose ether te whakaroa i te tukanga whakamakuku o te sima. Ka whakawhiwhia e ngā cellulose ethers te moata ki ngā āhuatanga pai, ā, ka whakaitihia hoki te tukunga wera whakamakuku wawe o te sima, ka whakaroa hoki i te tukanga nekeneke whakamakuku o te sima. Kāore tēnei i te pai mō te whakamahinga moata i ngā rohe makariri. Ko te take o tēnei whakaroa ko te mimiti o ngā ngota cellulose ether ki ngā hua whakamakuku pērā i te CSH me te ca(OH)2. Nā te pikinga o te matotoru o te otinga pore, ka whakaitihia e te cellulose ether te nekenekehanga o ngā katote i roto i te otinga, ā, ka whakaroa i te tukanga whakamakuku. Ko te teitei ake o te kukū o te cellulose ether i roto i te rauemi kohuke ira, ka nui ake te pānga o te whakaroa whakamakuku. Ehara i te mea ka whakaroa noa ngā cellulose ethers i te whakatakoto, engari ka whakaroa hoki i te tukanga whakapakeke o te pūnaha kohuke ira. Ko te pānga whakaroa o te cellulose ether kāore i te whakawhirinaki ki tōna kukū i roto i te pūnaha kohuke ira anake, engari ki te hanganga matū hoki. Ko te teitei ake o te tohu methylation o te HEMC, ka pai ake te pānga whakaroa o te cellulose ether. He kaha ake te pānga whakaroa. Heoi, he iti noa te pānga o te matotoru o te cellulose ether ki te nekeneke whakamakuku o te sima. I te pikinga ake o te ihirangi o te cellulose ether, ka nui ake te wā whakatakoto o te moata. He hononga kore-raina pai i waenga i te wā whakatakoto tuatahi o te moata me te ihirangi o te cellulose ether, ā, he hononga raina pai te wā whakatakoto whakamutunga ki te ihirangi o te cellulose ether. Ka taea e tātou te whakahaere i te wā mahi o te moata mā te whakarerekē i te ihirangi o te cellulose ether. I roto i te hua, ka whai wāhi ia ki te pupuri wai, ki te whakamātotoru, ki te whakaroa i te kaha waikura o te sima, me te whakapai ake i te mahi hanga. Mā te kaha pupuri wai pai ka tere ake te tauhohenga o te konupūmā pungarehu gypsum sima, ka nui ake te matotoru mākū, ka whakapai ake i te kaha here o te moata, ā, i te wā kotahi ka taea te whakapai ake i te kaha kume me te kaha kutikuti, ka tino whakapai ake i te pānga hanga me te pai o te mahi. Ka taea te whakarerekē i te wā. Ka whakapai ake i te rehu, te papu rānei o te moata, me te kaha hanganga. I roto i te tukanga tono tuturu, me whakatau te momo, te matotoru, me te nui o te cellulose i runga i ngā hua rerekē, ngā tikanga hanga, me te taiao.