Pakadali pano, zinthu zokhwima zomwe zimapezeka m'ma capsules a zomera makamaka ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi pullulan, ndipo hydroxypropyl starch imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zinthu zopangira.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2010,HPMCyakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mumakampani opanga ma capsules ku China, ndipo kutengera magwiridwe antchito ake abwino, ma capsules opanda kanthu a HPMC akhala pamalo abwino pamsika wa ma capsules, akuwonetsa kufunikira kwakukulu m'zaka khumi zapitazi.
Malinga ndi deta yamakampani, mu 2020, kuchuluka kwa malonda a makapisozi olimba opanda kanthu mdziko muno kudzakhala makapisozi pafupifupi 200 biliyoni (makampani opanga mankhwala ndi zinthu zaumoyo kuphatikiza), pomwe kuchuluka kwa malonda a makapisozi a HPMC kudzakhala makapisozi pafupifupi 11.3 biliyoni (kuphatikiza zotumiza kunja), kuwonjezeka kwa 4.2% poyerekeza ndi 2019. %, zomwe zikuyimira pafupifupi 5.5%. Makampani osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi omwe amawerengera 93.0% ya kuchuluka kwa makapisozi a HPMC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China, ndipo kukula kwa makampani opanga zinthu zachipatala kumayendetsa malonda a makapisozi a HPMC.
Kuyambira 2020 mpaka 2025, CAGR ya makapisozi a HPMC okhala ndi zinthu zoyeretsera ikuyembekezeka kukhala 6.7%, zomwe ndi zapamwamba kuposa kukula kwa makapisozi a gelatin a 3.8%. Kuphatikiza apo, kufunikira kwa makapisozi a HPMC m'makampani azaumoyo m'nyumba ndikokwera kuposa komwe kukuchitika m'makampani opanga mankhwala.HPMCMakapisozi angathandize pamavuto okhudzana ndi mankhwala komanso kukwaniritsa zomwe ogula amakonda pa chikhalidwe chawo komanso zakudya zomwe amakonda padziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale kuti kufunika kwa makapisozi a HPMC pakadali pano kuli kotsika kwambiri kuposa kwa makapisozi a gelatin, kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kwa mankhwalawa ndi kwakukulu kuposa kwa makapisozi a gelatin.
1) Kupanga ndi kukonza bwino, popanda gelling agent; imakhala ndi kusungunuka bwino, imagwira ntchito mosinthasintha m'njira zosiyanasiyana, sikhudzidwa ndi pH ndi mphamvu ya ionic, ndipo imakwaniritsa zofunikira za pharmacopoeia za mayiko akuluakulu ndi madera;
2) Kuti mupeze kuchuluka kwa alkaline pang'ono, onjezerani bioavailability ndikuwonjezera kukhathamiritsa kwa mlingo;
3) Maonekedwe ake ndi okongola, ndipo mitundu yake ndi yambiri.
Kapisolo yofewa ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi kutseka mafuta kapena mafuta opangidwa ndi mafuta mu chipolopolo cha kapisolo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ozungulira, ofanana ndi azitona, ofanana ndi nsomba yaying'ono, ofanana ndi dontho, ndi zina zotero. Amadziwika ndi kusungunula kapena kuyimitsa zosakaniza zogwira ntchito mu mafuta, zomwe zimayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu komanso zimapezeka kwambiri kuposa kupanga chogwiritsira ntchito chomwecho m'mapiritsi, ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zinthu zaumoyo ndi mankhwala. Masiku ano, makapisolo ofewa okhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana monga enteric-coated, chewing, osmotic pump, sustainable-release, ndi soft suppositories ali kale pamsika. Chipolopolo chofewa cha kapisolo chimapangidwa ndi zowonjezera za colloid ndi zina zothandizira. Pakati pawo, ma colloid monga gelatin kapena vegetable gum ndi zigawo zazikulu, ndipo ubwino wawo umakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito a makapisolo ofewa. Mwachitsanzo, kutuluka kwa kapisolo, kumamatira, kusamuka kwa zinthu, kusweka pang'onopang'ono, ndi kusungunuka kwa makapisolo ofewa kumachitika panthawi yosungira. Mavuto monga kusatsatira malamulo ndi okhudzana ndi izi.
Pakadali pano, zinthu zambiri zopangidwa ndi makapisozi a mankhwala ofewa m'dziko langa ndi gelatin ya nyama, koma chifukwa cha kupangidwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa makapisozi ofewa a gelatin, zofooka zake ndi zofooka zake zaonekera kwambiri, monga magwero ovuta a zinthu zopangira, komanso kuyanjana kosavuta ndi mankhwala a aldehyde Mavuto abwino monga nthawi yochepa yosungira ndi "zinyalala zitatu" zomwe zimapangidwa mu njira yoyeretsera gelatin zimakhudza kwambiri chitetezo cha chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, palinso vuto la kuuma m'nyengo yozizira, komwe kumakhudza kwambiri ubwino wa kukonzekera. Ndipo makapisozi ofewa a chingamu a masamba sakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe chozungulira. Ndi kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana ochokera ku nyama padziko lonse lapansi, anthu apadziko lonse lapansi akuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama. Poyerekeza ndi makapisozi a gelatin a nyama, makapisozi a zomera ali ndi ubwino waukulu pankhani yogwiritsidwa ntchito, chitetezo, kukhazikika, komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.
Onjezanihydroxypropyl methylcellulosekuthira madzi ndi kufalitsa kuti mupeze yankho A; onjezerani gelling agent, coagulant, plasticizer, opacifier ndi colorant m'madzi ndi kufalitsa kuti mupeze yankho B; sakanizani mayankho A ndi B, ndi kutentha mpaka 90 ~ 95°C, sakanizani ndi kusunga kutentha kwa 0.5 ~ 2 hours, kuziziritsa mpaka 55 ~ 70°C, kusunga kutentha ndikuyimirira kuti ichotse poizoni kuti guluu apezeke;
Momwe mungapezere madzi a guluu mwachangu, njira yonse ndikutenthetsa pang'onopang'ono mu ketulo yoyankhira kwa nthawi yayitali,
Opanga ena amadutsa mwachangu mu mphero ya colloid kudzera mu guluu wa mankhwala
Nthawi yotumizira: Epulo-25-2024