Isifinyezo:Umphumela wokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ezimpahleni ze-plastering mortar evamile exutshwe nowomile wafundwa. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi: ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, ukuhambisana nobuningi kwehla, kanye nesikhathi sokusetha kwehla. Ukwandiswa, amandla okucindezela e-7d kanye ne-28d kwehla, kodwa ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-dry-mixed mortar kuthuthukisiwe.
0. Isandulelo
Ngo-2007, iminyango eyisithupha kanye namakhomishini ezwe akhiphe "Isaziso Sokuvimbela Ukuxubana Kwesimende Esikhona Emadolobheni Athile Ngaphakathi Nesikhathi Esinqunyiwe". Njengamanje, amadolobha ayi-127 ezweni lonke enze umsebenzi "wokuvimbela ubumba olukhona", okulethe intuthuko engakaze ibonwe ekuthuthukisweni kobumba oluxubene nowomile. Ngentuthuko enamandla yobumba oluxubene nowomile ezimakethe zokwakha zasekhaya nezangaphandle, izinhlobo ezahlukene zobumba oluxubene nowomile nazo zingene kule mboni ekhulayo, kodwa ezinye izinkampani zokukhiqiza nokuthengisa ngobumba zigqamisa ngamabomu ukusebenza kahle kwemikhiqizo yazo, zidukisa intuthuko enempilo nehlelekile embonini yobumba oluxubene nowomile. Njengamanje, njengezingxube zekhonkrithi, izingxube zekhonkrithi ezixubene nowomile zisetshenziswa kakhulu ngokuhlanganiswa, futhi zimbalwa kakhulu ezisetshenziswa zodwa. Ikakhulukazi, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezingxubevange kwezinye izingcezu ze-mortar ezixubene nezomile ezisebenzayo, kodwa ku-mortar evamile exubene nezomile, asikho isidingo sokulandela inani lezingxubevange, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo nokusebenza kwayo, ukuze kugwenywe ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezingxubevange ze-mortar, okubangela imfucuza engadingekile, futhi kuthinte ngisho nekhwalithi yephrojekthi. Ku-mortar evamile exubene nezomile, i-cellulose ether idlala indima yokugcina amanzi, ukuqina, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokwakha. Ukusebenza kahle kokugcina amanzi kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-mortar exubene nezomile ngeke ibangele ukusantiwa, ukwenziwa impuphu kanye nokwehla kwamandla ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi kanye nokungapheleli komswakama we-cement; umphumela wokuqina uthuthukisa kakhulu amandla esakhiwo se-mortar emanzi. Leli phepha lenza ucwaningo oluhlelekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether ku-mortar evamile exubene nezomile, okunokubaluleka okuqondisayo kokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani izingxubevange ngokufanele ku-mortar evamile exubene nezomile.
1. Izinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezindlela ezisetshenziswa esivivinyweni
1.1 Izinto zokusetshenziswa zokuhlola
I-samente yayiyi-P. 042.5 cement, i-fly ash iyi-Class II ash evela esiteshini samandla e-Taiyuan, i-fine aggregate iyisihlabathi somfula esomile esinobukhulu obungu-5 mm noma ngaphezulu esihlungiwe, i-fineness modulus ingu-2.6, kanti i-cellulose ether itholakala kwezentengiselwano njenge-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (viscosity 12000 MPa·s).
1.2 Indlela yokuhlola
Ukulungiswa kwesampula kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwenziwa ngokwendlela yokuhlola ukusebenza eyisisekelo ye-JCJ/T 70-2009 yokwakha udaka.
2. Uhlelo lokuhlola
2.1 Ifomula yokuhlolwa
Kulesi sivivinyo, inani lezinto zokusetshenziswa zethani eli-1 lodaka oluhlanganisiwe nolomile lisetshenziswa njengefomula eyisisekelo yesivivinyo, kanti amanzi asetshenziswa ngamanzi ethani eli-1 lodaka oluhlanganisiwe nolomile.
2.2 Uhlelo oluthile
Ukusebenzisa le fomula, inani le-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether elingezwe ku-ton ngayinye yodaka oluhlanganisiwe owomile yileli: 0.0 kg/t, 0.1 kg/t, 0.2 kg/t, 0.3 kg/t, 0.4 kg/tt, 0.6 kg/t, ukuze kufundwe imiphumela yemithamo ehlukene ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuhambisana, ubuningi obubonakalayo, isikhathi sokusetha, kanye namandla okucindezela kodaka oluhlanganisiwe owomile ojwayelekile, ukuze kuqondiswe ukudaka okuhlanganisiwe owomile Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kodaka kungabona ngempela izinzuzo zenqubo elula yokukhiqiza udaka oluhlanganisiwe owomile, ukwakhiwa okulula, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokonga amandla.
3. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kanye nokuhlaziywa
3.1 Imiphumela yokuhlolwa
Imiphumela yemithamo ehlukene ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuhambisana, ubuningi obubonakalayo, isikhathi sokusetha, kanye namandla okucindezela kodaka olujwayelekile oluhlanganisiwe nolomile.
3.2 Ukuhlaziywa kwemiphumela
Kungabonakala emphumeleni wemithamo ehlukene ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuhambisana, ubuningi obubonakalayo, isikhathi sokusetha, kanye namandla okucindezela kodaka olujwayelekile oluxutshwe nolomile. Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, izinga lokugcina amanzi kodaka olumanzi nalo liyakhula kancane kancane, kusukela ku-86.2% lapho i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ingaxutshwanga, kuya ku-0.6% lapho i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ixutshwa. Izinga lokugcina amanzi lifinyelela ku-96.3%, okufakazela ukuthi umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-propyl methyl cellulose ether muhle kakhulu; ukuqina kwehla kancane kancane ngaphansi komphumela wokugcina amanzi we-propyl methyl cellulose ether (ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ngethani lodaka akushintshi ngesikhathi sokuhlola); Ubuningi obubonakalayo bubonisa umkhuba wokwehla, okubonisa ukuthi umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-propyl methyl cellulose ether wandisa ivolumu yodaka olumanzi futhi wehlisa ubuningi; Isikhathi sokusetha siqhubeka kancane kancane ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-. Uma ifinyelela ku-0.4%, idlula ngisho nenani elibekiwe lamahora angu-8 elidingekayo ngokwezinga, okubonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether kunomphumela omuhle wokulawula esikhathini sokusebenza kwe-mortar emanzi; amandla okucindezela e-7d kanye ne-28d anciphile (Uma umthamo umkhulu, kulapho ukwehla kusobala khona). Lokhu kuhlobene nokwanda kwevolumu ye-mortar kanye nokwehla kobuningi obubonakalayo. Ukwengezwa kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kungakha umgodi ovaliwe ngaphakathi kwe-mortar eqinile ngesikhathi sokusetha nokuqina kwe-mortar. Ama-micropores athuthukisa ukuqina kwe-mortar.
4. Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether ku-mortar evamile exubile eyomile
1) Ukukhethwa kwemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether. Ngokuvamile, uma i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether inkulu, umphumela wayo wokugcina amanzi uba ngcono, kodwa uma i-viscosity iphakeme, ukuncibilika kwayo kwehla, okulimaza amandla nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kwe-mortar; ubuncane be-cellulose ether buphansi kakhulu ku-mortar exutshwe nowomile. Kuthiwa uma incibilika, kulula ukuyincibilikisa. Ngaphansi komthamo ofanayo, uma incibilika iba ncane, umphumela wokugcina amanzi uba ngcono.
2) Ukukhethwa komthamo we-cellulose ether. Kusukela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kanye nokuhlaziywa komphumela wokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether ekusebenzeni kodaka oluhlanganisiwe okomile, kungabonakala ukuthi uma okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kuphakeme, kungcono, kufanele kucatshangelwe kusukela ezindleleni zokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye nezici ezine zendawo yokwakha ukuze kukhethwe ngokuphelele umthamo ofanele. Umthamo we-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kudaka oluhlanganisiwe okomile olujwayelekile kungcono ube ngu-0.1 kg/t-0.3 kg/t, futhi umphumela wokugcina amanzi awukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezijwayelekile uma inani le-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether lingezwa ngenani elincane. Ingozi yekhwalithi; umthamo we-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kudaka oluhlanganisiwe olukhethekile olungaqhekeki cishe u-3 kg/t.
3) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether ku-mortar evamile exutshwe nowomile. Enqubweni yokulungiselela i-mortar evamile exutshwe nowomile, kungangezwa inani elifanele lokuxuba, okungcono kube nomphumela othile wokugcina amanzi kanye nokuqina, ukuze kwakhiwe umphumela we-superposition ohlanganisiwe nge-cellulose ether, kuncishiswe izindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi kongiwe izinsiza; uma kusetshenziswa kodwa. Nge-cellulose ether, amandla okubopha awakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo, futhi kungangezwa inani elifanele le-latex powder ephinde ihlakazeke; ngenxa yenani eliphansi lokuxuba u-mortar, iphutha lokulinganisa likhulu uma lisetshenziswa lodwa. Ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokuxuba u-mortar exutshwe nowomile.
5. Iziphetho neziphakamiso
1) Ku-mortar evamile exutshwe ngokuplasta eyomile, ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, izinga lokugcina amanzi lingafinyelela ku-96.3%, ukuvumelana nobuningi kuyancishiswa, futhi isikhathi sokusetha siyandiswa. Amandla okucindezela angu-28d anciphile, kodwa ukusebenza okuphelele kwe-mortar exutshwe ngokuwomile kwathuthukiswa lapho okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kuphakathi.
2) Enqubweni yokulungiselela udaka oluvamile oluxutshwe nowomile, kufanele kukhethwe i-cellulose ether enobuthi obufanele kanye nobuncane, futhi umthamo wayo kufanele unqunywe ngokuqinile ngokuhlolwa. Ngenxa yenani eliphansi lokuxuba udaka, iphutha lokulinganisa likhulu uma lisetshenziswa lodwa. Kunconywa ukuthi ulixube nesithwali kuqala, bese ukhuphula inani lokwengeza ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yodaka oluxutshwe nowomile.
3) Udaka oluxutshwe okomile luyimboni ekhulayo eShayina. Enkambisweni yokusebenzisa ukuxubana kodaka, akumelwe sifune ubuningi ngokungacabangi, kodwa kumelwe sinake kakhulu ikhwalithi futhi sinciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, sikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwezinsalela zemfucuza yezimboni, futhi sifinyelele ngempela ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-22-2023