Incamake:Ingaruka z'ingano zitandukanye za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ku miterere ya mortilage isanzwe ivanze n'umusemburo zakozweho ubushakashatsi. Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko: uko ingano ya cellulose ether yiyongeraga, uburinganire n'ubucucike byaragabanutse, kandi igihe cyo gushyiraho kiragabanuka. Ingufu zo kongera, imbaraga zo gukanda za 7d na 28d zaragabanutse, ariko imikorere muri rusange ya mortilage ivanze n'umusemburo yarushijeho kuba myiza.
0. Intangiriro
Mu 2007, Minisiteri esheshatu na komisiyo z’igihugu zasohoye "Itangazo ryo Kubuza Kuvanga Imvange y’Icyuma mu Mijyi Imwe n’Imwe mu Gihe Ntarengwa". Kuri ubu, imijyi 127 hirya no hino mu gihugu yakoze akazi ko "kubuza imvange isanzwe", byazanye iterambere ridasanzwe mu iterambere ry’imvange y’icyuma. Bitewe n’iterambere rikomeye ry’imvange y’icyuma mu masoko y’ubwubatsi yo mu gihugu no mu mahanga, imvange zitandukanye z’imvange y’icyuma nazo zinjiye muri uru rwego rushya, ariko amasosiyete amwe akora imvange y’icyuma n’igurisha arenza urugero ku bushake ku bushobozi bw’ibicuruzwa byayo, ayobya inganda z’imvange y’icyuma. Muri iki gihe, kimwe n’imvange y’icyuma, imvange y’icyuma y’icyuma ikoreshwa cyane cyane hamwe, kandi nkeya ni zo zikoreshwa zonyine. By’umwihariko, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibivange muri bimwe mu byuma bivanze byumye bikora neza, ariko muri byo bivanze byumye bisanzwe, nta mpamvu yo gukurikirana umubare w’ibivange, ariko hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane uburyo bikoreshwa n’uko bikorwa, kugira ngo hirindwe ikoreshwa rikabije ry’ibivange byumye, bigatera imyanda idakenewe, ndetse bikagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw’umushinga. Muri byo bivanze byumye bisanzwe, eteri ya selulose igira uruhare mu kubika amazi, gukuba, no kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi. Imikorere myiza yo kubika amazi ituma ibyo bivange byumye bitazatera gusya, gusya ifu no kugabanya imbaraga bitewe n’ibura ry’amazi n’amazi make ya sima; ingaruka zo gukuba zongerera imbaraga imiterere y’ibyo bivange byumye. Iyi nyandiko ikora inyigo ishingiye ku ikoreshwa rya eteri ya selulose mu byuma bisanzwe bivanze byumye, ifite akamaro kanini ku buryo bwo gukoresha ibyo bivange byumye mu byuma bisanzwe bivanze byumye.
1. Ibikoresho fatizo n'uburyo byakoreshejwe mu igeragezwa
1.1 Ibikoresho fatizo byo gupima
Sima yari sima P. 042.5, ivu ry'umukungugu ni ivu rya kabiri riva mu ruganda rw'amashanyarazi rwo muri Taiyuan, ifu nziza ni umusenyi wumye wo mu ruzi ufite ingano ya mm 5 cyangwa irenga utosejwe, modulus nziza ni 2.6, naho eteri ya selulose iboneka ku isoko yitwa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (ubukana bwa 12000 MPa·s).
1.2 Uburyo bwo gupima
Gutegura ingero no gupima imikorere byakozwe hakurikijwe uburyo bwa JCJ/T 70-2009 bwo gupima imikorere bw'ibanze mu kubaka sima.
2. Gahunda y'ikizamini
2.1 Ifishi y'ikizamini
Muri iki kizamini, ingano ya buri gikoresho fatizo cya toni 1 y'uruvange rw'amazi rwumye rukoreshwa nk'uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gusuzuma, naho amazi ni amazi akoreshwa na toni 1 y'uruvange rw'amazi rwumye.
2.2 Gahunda yihariye
Dukoresheje iyi formula, ingano ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether yongewe kuri buri toni ya morti yometseho plastering yumye ni: 0.0 kg/t, 0.1 kg/t, 0.2 kg/t, 0.3 kg/t, 0.4 kg/tt, 0.6 kg/t, kugira ngo twige ingaruka z'ingano zitandukanye za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether ku kubika amazi, imiterere, ubucucike bugaragara, igihe cyo gushyiraho, n'imbaraga zo gukanda za mortiyo isanzwe yometseho plastering yumye, kugira ngo iyobore plastering yumye. Gukoresha neza mortiyo bishobora gutuma tubona ibyiza byo gukora mortiyo yoroheje yometseho plastering yumye, kubaka byoroshye, kurengera ibidukikije no kuzigama ingufu.
3. Ibisubizo by'ibizamini n'isesengura
3.1 Ibisubizo by'ibizamini
Ingaruka z'ibipimo bitandukanye bya eteri ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ku kubika amazi, imiterere, ubucucike bugaragara, igihe cyo gushyiraho, n'imbaraga zo gukanda za mortier isanzwe ivanze n'amazi yumye.
3.2 Isesengura ry'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi
Bigaragara ku ngaruka z'ibipimo bitandukanye bya eteri ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ku kubika amazi, imiterere, ubucucike bugaragara, igihe cyo gushyiraho, n'imbaraga zo gukanda za mortier isanzwe ivanze n'amazi yumye. Uko ingano ya eteri ya cellulose yiyongera, igipimo cyo kubika amazi cya mortier itose nacyo kiriyongera buhoro buhoro, kuva kuri 86.2% iyo hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose itavanze, kugera kuri 0.6% iyo hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ivanze. Igipimo cyo kubika amazi kigera kuri 96.3%, bigaragaza ko ingaruka zo kubika amazi za eteri ya propyl methyl cellulose ari nziza cyane; imiterere igenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro bitewe n'ingaruka zo kubika amazi za eteri ya propyl methyl cellulose (ikoreshwa ry'amazi kuri toni imwe ya mortier ntirihinduka mu gihe cy'igerageza); Ubucucike bugaragara bwerekana ko imiterere y'amazi ya eteri ya propyl methyl cellulose yongera ingano ya mortier itose kandi ikagabanya ubucucike; Igihe cyo gushyiraho kigenda cyiyongera buhoro buhoro uko ingano ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether yiyongera, n'ingano ya Iyo igeze kuri 0.4%, irenga agaciro kagenwe ka 8h gasabwa n'ibipimo ngenderwaho, bigaragaza ko ikoreshwa rikwiye rya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether rigira ingaruka nziza ku gihe cyo gukora cya mortilage itose; imbaraga zo gukanda za 7d na 28d zaragabanutse (Uko ingano iba nini, niko igabanuka rigaragara). Ibi bifitanye isano no kwiyongera k'ingano ya mortilage no kugabanuka k'ubucucike bugaragara. Kongeramo hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether bishobora gukora umwobo ufunze imbere muri mortilage ikomeye mu gihe cyo gushyiraho no gukomera kwa mortilage. Micropores zituma mortilage iramba.
4. Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gukoresha eteri ya selulose mu gikoresho gisanzwe cyumye givanze
1) Guhitamo ibikoresho bya eteri ya selulosi. Muri rusange, uko eteri ya selulosi irushaho kuba nziza, niko ingaruka zayo zo kubika amazi zirushaho kuba nziza, ariko uko eteri ya selulosi irushaho kuba nyinshi, niko ubushobozi bwayo bwo gushonga bugabanuka, ibyo bikaba byangiza imbaraga n'imikorere y'ubwubatsi bwa serulosi; ubunini bwa eteri ya selulosi buba buke mu mvange yumye. Bavuga ko uko iba ntoya, niko byoroha kuyishonga. Mu rugero rumwe, uko iba ntoya, niko ingaruka zo kubika amazi zirushaho kuba nziza.
2) Guhitamo igipimo cya ether ya selulosi. Ukurikije ibisubizo by'ibizamini n'isesengura ry'ingaruka z'ingano ya ether ya selulosi ku mikorere ya morti yo gusigwa yumye, bigaragara ko uko ether ya selulosi ingana, ari ko bigomba gusuzumwa neza uhereye ku giciro cy'umusaruro, ubwiza bw'umusaruro, imikorere y'ubwubatsi n'ingingo enye z'imiterere y'ubwubatsi kugira ngo hatoranywe neza igipimo gikwiye. Igipimo cya ether ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose muri morti yo mu bwoko busanzwe bwumye ni byiza kuba 0.1 kg/t-0.3 kg/t, kandi ingaruka zo kubika amazi ntizishobora kuzuza ibisabwa bisanzwe niba ingano ya ether ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose yongewemo mu rugero ruto. Impanuka y'ubwiza; igipimo cya ether ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose muri morti yo gusigwa yumye idashobora kwangirika ni hafi 3 kg/t.
3) Gukoresha eteri ya selulosi mu gikoresho gisanzwe cyuzuye cyumye. Mu gihe cyo gutegura igikoresho gisanzwe cyuzuye cyumye, hashobora kongerwamo ingano ikwiye y'ibivange, byaba byiza hamwe n'ingaruka runaka zo kubika amazi no gukuba, kugira ngo bishobore gukora ingaruka ya superposition hamwe na eteri ya selulosi, bigabanye ikiguzi cyo gukora, kandi bikagabanya umutungo; iyo bikoreshejwe byonyine. Kuri eteri ya selulosi, imbaraga zo guhuza ntizishobora kuzuza ibisabwa, kandi ingano ikwiye y'ifu ya latex ishobora kongera gushonga ishobora kongerwamo; bitewe n'ingano nto y'ibivange bya selulosi, ikosa ryo gupima ni rinini iyo bikoreshejwe byonyine. Ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa bya selulosi byumye byumye.
5. Umwanzuro n'ibyifuzo
1) Mu gikoresho gisanzwe cyo gusigwa gikozwe mu buryo bwumye, hamwe n’ubwiyongere bw’ingano ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, igipimo cyo kubika amazi gishobora kugera kuri 96.3%, uburinganire n’ubucucike biragabanuka, kandi igihe cyo gushyiraho kiragabanuka. Ingufu zo gukanda za 28d zaragabanutse, ariko imikorere rusange ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether yarushijeho kuba myiza iyo ingano ya hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether yari iringaniye.
2) Mu gihe cyo gutegura mortilage isanzwe yumye, hagomba gutoranywa eteri ya cellulose ifite ubukana n'ubuto bukwiye, kandi ingano yayo igomba kugenwa neza binyuze mu igerageza. Bitewe n'ingano nto y'uruvange rwa mortilage, ikosa ryo gupima ni rinini iyo ikoreshejwe yonyine. Ni byiza kubanza kuyivanga n'icyuma gitwara, hanyuma wongere ingano y'inyongera kugira ngo harebwe ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa by'uruvange rwumye.
3) Uruganda rw’ibirungo byumye rumaze gutera imbere mu Bushinwa. Mu gihe cyo gukoresha ibirungo by’ibirungo, ntitugomba gukurikirana ingano yabyo mu buryo buhumyi, ahubwo tugomba kwita cyane ku bwiza no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora, gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry’ibisigazwa by’imyanda mu nganda, no kugabanya by’ukuri ingufu no kuzikoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Gashyantare 2023