I-Cellulose ether iyi-polymer yama-molecule ephezulu engeyona i-ionic, encibilika emanzini futhi encibilika kalula. Inemiphumela ehlukene ezimbonini ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ezintweni zokwakha zamakhemikhali, inemiphumela elandelayo ehlanganisiwe:
①I-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ②I-thickener ③Impahla yokulinganisa ④Impahla yokwakha ifilimu ⑤I-Binder
Embonini ye-polyvinyl chloride, iyi-emulsifier kanye ne-dispersant; embonini yezemithi, iyi-binder kanye nezinto zohlaka lokukhululwa ezihamba kancane futhi ezilawulwayo, njll. Ngenxa yokuthi i-cellulose inemiphumela ehlukahlukene ehlanganisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwayo Insimu nayo ibanzi kakhulu. Okulandelayo kugxile ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ether ezintweni zokwakha ezahlukahlukene.
(1) Kupende we-latex:
Embonini yokupenda i-latex, ukukhetha i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, incazelo ejwayelekile ye-viscosity elinganayo yi-RT30000-50000cps, ehambisana nencazelo ye-HBR250, kanti umthamo ojwayelekile uvame ukuba ngu-1.5‰-2‰. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-hydroxyethyl kupende we-latex ukujiya, ukuvimbela i-gelation ye-pigment, ukusiza ukuhlakazeka kwe-pigment, ukuzinza kwe-latex, nokwandisa i-viscosity yezingxenye, okufaka isandla ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kokwakhiwa: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ilula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ingancibilikiswa emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashisayo, futhi ayithintwa yinani le-pH. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuphephile phakathi kwenani le-PI 2 ne-12. Izindlela zokusebenzisa yilezi ezilandelayo:
I. Engeza ngqo ekukhiqizweni: le ndlela kufanele ikhethe uhlobo olulibazisekile lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose, kanye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose enesikhathi sokuncibilika esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30, izinyathelo zayo zokusebenzisa yilezi ezilandelayo:
① Lungisa inani eliningi lamanzi ahlanzekile esitsheni esinomshini wokugaya amanzi oshefa kakhulu
②Qala ukuxuba njalo ngesivinini esiphansi, bese ufaka kancane kancane i-hydroxyethyl esixazululweni ngokulinganayo
③Qhubeka uvuselela kuze kube yilapho zonke izinto ezihlanganisiwe sezimanzi
④ Engeza ezinye izithasiselo kanye nezithasiselo eziyisisekelo, njll.
⑤ Hlanganisa kuze kube yilapho wonke amaqembu e-hydroxyethyl encibilika ngokuphelele, bese ufaka ezinye izingxenye kufomula, bese ugaya kuze kube umkhiqizo oqediwe.
Ⅱ. Ifakwe utshwala obuvela kumama ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva: Le ndlela ingakhetha i-cellulose esheshayo, enomphumela wokulwa nokukhunta. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuthi inokuguquguquka okukhulu futhi ingafakwa ngqo kupende we-latex. Indlela yokulungiselela ifana nezinyathelo ①-④.
Ⅲ. Lungisa iphalishi ukuze ulisebenzise kamuva: Njengoba izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ziyizinyibilikisi ezimbi (ezinganyibiliki) ze-hydroxyethyl, lezi zinyibilikisi zingasetshenziswa ukulungisa iphalishi. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yiziketshezi eziphilayo ezakhiweni zopende we-latex, njenge-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, kanye nama-ejenti akha ifilimu (njenge-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Iphalishi i-hydroxyethyl cellulose lingafakwa ngqo kupende. Qhubeka uvuselela kuze kuncibilike ngokuphelele.
(2) Ku-putty yokuklwebha odongeni:
Njengamanje, emadolobheni amaningi ezweni lakithi, i-putty engangeni manzi futhi engakhuhli imvelo iye yaziswa kakhulu ngabantu. Ikhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-acetal kwe-vinyl alcohol kanye ne-formaldehyde. Ngakho-ke, le nto isuswa kancane kancane ngabantu, futhi imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-cellulose ether isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sale nto. Okusho ukuthi, ekuthuthukiseni izinto zokwakha ezingangeni mvelo, i-cellulose okwamanje iyona kuphela into.
Ku-putty engangeni manzi, ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-putty yempuphu eyomile kanye ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-putty, i-methyl cellulose eguquliwe kanye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl kufanele kukhethwe. Ukucaciswa kwe-viscosity ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-cellulose ku-putty ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kanye nokugcoba. Njengoba amafomula e-putty abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene ahlukile, amanye yi-gray calcium, i-calcium elula, usimende omhlophe, njll., kanti amanye yi-gypsum powder, i-gray calcium, i-calcium elula, njll., ngakho-ke ukucaciswa, i-viscosity kanye nokungena kwe-cellulose kumafomula amabili nakho kuhlukile. Inani elingeziwe licishe libe ngu-2‰-3‰. Ekwakhiweni kwe-putty yokuklwebha udonga, njengoba ubuso besisekelo sodonga bunezinga elithile lokumuncwa kwamanzi (izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi odongeni lwezitini lingu-13%, kanti izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi ekhonkrithi lingu-3-5%), kuhlanganiswe nokuhwamuka komhlaba wangaphandle, uma i-putty ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni noma ekususweni kwempuphu, okuzokwenza buthaka amandla e-putty. Ngakho-ke, ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kuzoxazulula le nkinga. Kodwa ikhwalithi yokugcwalisa, ikakhulukazi ikhwalithi ye-calcium yomlotha nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthamba okuphezulu kwe-cellulose, ukuthamba kwe-putty nakho kuyathuthuka, futhi isenzakalo sokuwa ngesikhathi sokwakha siyagwenywa, futhi sikhululekile kakhulu futhi songa abasebenzi ngemva kokuklwebha. Kulula kakhulu ukwengeza i-cellulose ether ku-putty yempuphu. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo nokusetshenziswa kwayo kulula kakhulu. Isigcwalisi kanye nezithasiselo zingaxutshwa ngokulinganayo ku-powder eyomile.
(3) Udaka lukakhonkolo:
Ku-concrete mortar, ukuze kufinyelelwe amandla aphezulu, i-samente kumele igcwaliswe ngamanzi ngokugcwele. Ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwehlobo, i-concrete mortar ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi izindlela zokulinganisa amanzi aphelele zisetshenziselwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Ukuchitha izinsiza kanye nokusebenza okungafanele, isihluthulelo ukuthi amanzi aphezu kuphela, futhi amanzi angaphakathi awakapheleli, ngakho ikhambi lale nkinga ukwengeza izinto eziyisishiyagalombili zokugcina amanzi kukhonkrithi ye-concrete, ngokuvamile khetha i-hydroxypropyl methyl noma i-methyl Cellulose, incazelo ye-viscosity iphakathi kuka-20000-60000cps, kanti inani lokwengeza lingu-2%-3%. Izinga lokugcina amanzi lingakhushulwa libe ngaphezu kuka-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa kukhonkrithi ye-concrete iwukuxuba i-dry powder ngokulinganayo bese uyithela emanzini.
(4) Ekuplasteni i-gypsum, i-gypsum eboshiwe, i-gypsum ekhonkxiweyo:
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yokwakha, isidingo sabantu sezinto zokwakha ezintsha siyakhula usuku nosuku. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kahle kokwakha, imikhiqizo ye-gypsum esimende ithuthuke ngokushesha. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-gypsum evame kakhulu yi-plastering gypsum, i-bonded gypsum, i-inlaid gypsum, kanye ne-tile adhesive. I-plastering gypsum iyinto yokuplastering esezingeni eliphezulu yezindonga zangaphakathi nophahla. Ubuso bodonga obufakwe ngayo buthambile futhi bubushelelezi. I-adhesive entsha yebhodi lokukhanya lesakhiwo iyinto enamathelayo eyenziwe nge-gypsum njengezinto eziyisisekelo kanye nezengezo ezahlukahlukene. Ifanele ukubopha phakathi kwezinto ezahlukene zodonga lwesakhiwo ezingaphili. Ayinawo ubuthi, Ayinaphunga, inamandla okuqala kanye nokusetha okusheshayo, i-bonding eqinile nezinye izici, iyinto esekelayo yamabhodi okwakha kanye nokwakhiwa kwamabhulokhi; i-ejenti ye-caulking ye-gypsum iyindawo yokugcwalisa igebe phakathi kwamabhodi e-gypsum kanye ne-filler yokulungisa izindonga nemifantu.
Le mikhiqizo ye-gypsum inemisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwendima ye-gypsum kanye nezigcwalisi ezihlobene, inkinga ebalulekile ukuthi izithasiselo ze-cellulose ether ezengeziwe zidlala indima ehamba phambili. Njengoba i-gypsum ihlukaniswe i-gypsum engamanzi kanye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, i-gypsum ehlukene inemiphumela ehlukene ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo, ngakho-ke ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokulibaziseka kunquma ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum. Inkinga evamile yalezi zinto ukugoba nokuqhekeka, futhi amandla okuqala awakwazi ukufinyelelwa. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa i-compound ye-retarder. Kulokhu, i-methyl noma i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ngokuvamile ikhethwa. -60000cps, inani lokwengeza lingu-1.5%–2%. Phakathi kwazo, i-cellulose igxile ekugcinweni kwamanzi nasekulibaziseni ukuthambisa. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela ku-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, futhi kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-citric acid retarder ukuze uyixube futhi uyisebenzise ngaphandle kokuthinta amandla okuqala.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kubhekisela ekutheni angakanani amanzi azolahleka ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokumuncwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Uma udonga lomile kakhulu, ukumuncwa kwamanzi kanye nokuhwamuka kwemvelo ebusweni besisekelo kuzokwenza izinto zilahlekelwe amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi kuzovela imigodi nokuqhekeka. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa ixutshwe nempuphu eyomile. Uma ulungisa isixazululo, sicela ubheke indlela yokulungiselela isixazululo.
(5) Udaka lokuvikela ukushisa
Udaka lokufaka umswakama uhlobo olusha lwezinto zokufaka umswakama odongeni lwangaphakathi esifundeni esisenyakatho. Luyizinto zodonga ezakhiwe ngezinto zokufaka umswakama, udaka kanye ne-binder. Kulesi sici, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni nasekukhuliseni amandla. Ngokuvamile khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (cishe ama-eps ayi-10000), umthamo ngokuvamile uphakathi kuka-2‰-3‰), futhi indlela yokusebenzisa ukuxuba i-dry powder.
(6) i-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo
Khetha i-HPNC 20000cps ye-ejenti yokuxhumana, khetha i-60000cps noma ngaphezulu ye-adhesive yethayela, bese ugxila ku-thickener ku-ejenti yokuxhumana, engathuthukisa amandla okudonseka kanye namandla okulwa nomcibisholo. Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ekuhlanganiseni kwamathayela ukuvimbela amathayela ukuthi aphelelwe amanzi ngokushesha futhi awe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-16-2023